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991.
Houy Nicolas 《Social Choice and Welfare》2009,33(4):691-698
We show the necessary and sufficient conditions for any two of the sets of stable, generalized stable, absorbing or admissible
sets of an abstract decision problem to coincide. We show that all these conditions can be written as depending only on the
number of predecessors or successors of some alternatives. 相似文献
992.
Vivian Shapiro 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2009,37(1):45-55
This paper reviews the work of Professor Selma Fraiberg who became a leading figure in the field of infant mental health.
Born in 1918 she first received an MSW in Social Work and then undertook her Analytic Training in Detroit Michigan. While
she maintained her identity as a social worker throughout her life, she integrated insights from the fields of social work,
psychoanalysis and developmental and ego psychology in her research and practice. This paper traces her development as a clinician,
researcher, and educator. Three cases describe her ability to integrate social work methodologies with analytic insights.
The cases describe the treatment of a latency age child at a time of social change, a clinical research study of the developmental
risk of children blind from birth, and a groundbreaking study in the field of infant mental health. Her study of infants at
developmental risk focused on the parent /infant relationship and parents were included in the treatment process so that they
could become more attuned to their young child. Her work highlighted the intergenerational issues that shaped the parental
capacity for empathic nurturance between parent and child. The article Ghosts in the Nursery incorporated the major theoretical concepts of the new theoretical approach to treatment and is still much read in graduate
programs today. Although extensive new research has added to the field of infant mental health, her contributions are still
relevant to research and practice today. 相似文献
993.
994.
David Cunningham 《Qualitative sociology》2009,32(4):355-377
Models that purport to explain the interplay between dissidents and the state generally assert, either explicitly or implicitly,
that the path from state interests to action to outcomes is a linear one. Using the case of the United Klans of America (UKA)
in North Carolina, I argue that state efforts to exert social control upon a perceived threat are shaped by a range of internal
and external contingencies. In particular, I undertake a comparative analysis of two state agencies to demonstrate how a particular
mechanism—ambivalence, here conceptualized as the relational consequence of a mismatch between organizational culture and organizational goals—leads
to distinct, and sometimes heterogeneous, actions and outcomes not directly traceable to organizational mandates. Findings
lend insight into how endogenous organizational processes shape contentious political outcomes in potentially divergent ways. 相似文献
995.
Evidence suggests that African American youths initiate sexual activity at earlier ages than do European American or Latino youths. Using data from a multilevel study in Chicago, we developed and tested a neighborhood-based model of the timing of first adolescent intercourse that emphasizes the impact of neighborhood structural disadvantage and collective efficacy on early sexual activity (at ages 11 to 16). In turn, we explored the extent to which neighborhood factors account for racial differences in the timing of first intercourse. The findings indicate that demographic background, family processes, peer influences, and developmental risk factors account for about 30% of the baseline increased likelihood of early sexual onset for African American youths compared with European American youths. However, a significant residual racial difference remained even after we considered a host of micro-level factors. Neighborhood-level concentrated poverty largely explained this residual racial difference. Collective efficacy also independently contributed to the delay of sexual onset. No significant baseline difference in age of sexual initiation was found between Latino and European American youths. 相似文献
996.
How do family arrangements affect subjective well-being? We investigate this issue using data pooled from the IsssA and HILDA, both large, representative national samples of Australia (pooled n=38 447). Our regression analysis of cross-sectional and panel data examines how large are the differences in life satisfaction according to marital status and cohabitation. We find that women and men in formal marriages experience higher levels of life satisfaction than do people in other family arrangements. Moreover, both multiple tests in the cross-section, and tests controlling for prior happiness in the panel analysis, suggest that this is a causal relationship. Aggregating up the levels of life satisfaction generated by different marriage and cohabitation arrangements across a lifetime, suggests that a life-long marriage is the most satisfying. Early divorce followed by an enduring second marriage is little worse (because little time is spent outside the married state). But divorce without remarriage, or long lasting cohabitation without formal marriage, reduce the lifetime sum of subjective well-being by 4–12% for both women and men. 相似文献
997.
Anthony Shorrocks 《Journal of Economic Inequality》2004,2(3):193-218
This paper establishes the principles that should govern the welfare and inequality analysis of heterogeneous income distributions. Two basic criteria – the equity preference condition and the compensation principle – are shown to be fundamentally incompatible. The paper favours the latter, thereby vindicating the traditional method of dealing with heterogeneous samples. However, inequality and welfare comparisons will usually be well defined only if equivalent incomes are obtained using constant scale factors; and researchers will need to distinguish clearly between inequality of nominal incomes and inequality of living standards. Furthermore, household observations must always be weighted according to family size. 相似文献
998.
The child welfare system indicates that evidence of successful completion of parenting classes is instrumental in determining whether parents are actively engaged in the process of permanency planning. Such classes vary in length and intensity with topics ranging from "How to Raise Healthy Families" to "How to Discipline Your Child." Two social workers (one white and one black), who initially disagreed about the format of a parenting class, chronicle their efforts to collaborate and create a class format that recognizes the psychosocial and, more specifically, the cultural influences inherent in facilitating these classes. The juxtaposition of the clinical concepts of projection and projective identification are evaluated against the backdrop of the social concepts of empowerment and diversity. 相似文献
999.
In this paper, we consider the problem of enumerating all maximal motifs in an input string for the class of repeated motifs
with wild cards. A maximal motif is such a representative motif that is not properly contained in any larger motifs with the
same location lists. Although the enumeration problem for maximal motifs with wild cards has been studied in Parida et al.
(2001), Pisanti et al. (2003) and Pelfrêne et al. (2003), its output-polynomial time computability has been still open. The
main result of this paper is a polynomial space polynomial delay algorithm for the maximal motif enumeration problem for the
repeated motifs with wild cards. This algorithm enumerates all maximal motifs in an input string of length n in O(n
3) time per motif with O(n) space, in particular O(n
3) delay. The key of the algorithm is depth-first search on a tree-shaped search route over all maximal motifs based on a technique
called prefix-preserving closure extension. We also show an exponential lower bound and a succinctness result on the number
of maximal motifs, which indicate the limit of a straightforward approach. The results of the computational experiments show
that our algorithm can be applicable to huge string data such as genome data in practice, and does not take large additional
computational cost compared to usual frequent motif mining algorithms.
This work is done during the Hiroki Arimura’s visit in LIRIS, University Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, France. 相似文献
1000.