排序方式: 共有64条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Timo?von WirthEmail author Adrienne?Grêt-Regamey Michael?Stauffacher 《Social indicators research》2015,122(1):189-210
Enhancing the urban quality of life (QoL) is an explicit policy goal of many countries, yet it is rarely studied using models that relate objective measures of the urban environment to the subjective evaluations of residents. It thus often remains unclear how planning interventions in the urban environment may influence residents’ satisfaction with their living conditions. In particular, during periods of significant urban growth, such as those recently observed in Switzerland, which result in diverse, unwanted threats to the local QoL (e.g., loss of green spaces, traffic congestions, and fear of crime). This study uses data from a sample of 1,693 residents that participated in a postal survey about urban QoL. The responses were combined with objective attributes of residential conditions, using geographic information systems. Structural equation models were calibrated to examine the direct and indirect effects of important indicators of urban QoL, namely safety in public spaces and access to central urban facilities. The study sheds further light on the mediating effects between objective characteristics and subjective evaluations that influence the urban QoL. The results showed predominantly low correlations between objective characteristics and subjective evaluations of urban QoL, which confirmed the findings of the few previous studies on this topic. Surprisingly, this study also found a strong link between objective access and perceived accessibility. This relation was explained by the spatial scope of the study region and suggested that the scale discordance theory should be tested in future research. The findings implied that variations in objective measures do not reliably represent differences as evaluated by residents. 相似文献
22.
Timo Nolle 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2008,39(4):454-463
Zusammenfassung Der Aufsatz stellt das Profilstudienprogramm ‚Konfliktberatung für P?dagoginnen und P?dagogen‘ an der Universit?t Kassel vor.
Dabei handelt es sich um ein freiwilliges Studienangebot für Lehramtsstudierende. Die Ausbildungsziele werden auf Grundlage
von aktuellen Untersuchungsergebnissen zu den Gründen von Frühpensionierungen im Lehrerberuf im Kontext von psychosozialen
Belastungen und berufsrelevanten Pers?nlichkeitsmerkmalen erl?utert. Im Anschluss daran werden die Bedeutung der Berufswahlmotivation
sowie die Schulung der F?higkeit zur Selbstreflexion als ein wesentlicher Teil der Professionalisierung im Lehreramtsstudium
hervorgehoben. Die verschiedenen Seminarbausteine werden vorgestellt. Abschlie?end wird die Bedeutung des Profilstudienprogramms
für die Lehrerbildung diskutiert.
相似文献
Timo NolleEmail: |
23.
In this article we argue that Germany has significantly changed its approach to labour market policies (LMPs) during the past decade; in many instances Britain has served as a model to learn from. In a first step, we identify the core institutional arrangements of the conservative approach to LMP in Germany and contrast them with the liberal approach, using the UK as an example. Secondly, we trace the development and nature of changes in German LMP since the 1990s. We show that the policy has increasingly incorporated elements of, and to a considerable extent shifted towards, a liberal approach. Thirdly, we review competing theoretical approaches that might explain this turn in LMP and conclude that changed interpretative patterns have been crucial to understand the overall shift. Fourthly, utilizing the policy transfer framework, we show that in regards to the specific policy instruments German policy‐makers have learnt from the experiences in the UK. 相似文献
24.
Timo Schmid Nikos Tzavidis Ralf Münnich Ray Chambers 《Scandinavian Journal of Statistics》2016,43(3):806-826
Modern systems of official statistics require the estimation and publication of business statistics for disaggregated domains, for example, industry domains and geographical regions. Outlier robust methods have proven to be useful for small‐area estimation. Recently proposed outlier robust model‐based small‐area methods assume, however, uncorrelated random effects. Spatial dependencies, resulting from similar industry domains or geographic regions, often occur. In this paper, we propose an outlier robust small‐area methodology that allows for the presence of spatial correlation in the data. In particular, we present a robust predictive methodology that incorporates the potential spatial impact from other areas (domains) on the small area (domain) of interest. We further propose two parametric bootstrap methods for estimating the mean‐squared error. Simulations indicate that the proposed methodology may lead to efficiency gains. The paper concludes with an illustrative application by using business data for estimating average labour costs in Italian provinces. 相似文献
25.
Sanna Kärkkäinen Merita Mesiäislehto Outi Sirniö Sakari Karvonen Timo M. Kauppinen 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2023,32(3):352-368
In this study, we investigated the household income of families with children. Our specific interest was the earned income losses during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how social transfers have mitigated those losses. We assessed the monthly income levels by comparing the information on the year prior to pandemic to income levels during COVID-19 pandemic. We found that the pandemic affected all studied subgroups of families with children, with the most negative economic influence in May 2020. In addition, our results indicate that in Finland the social transfers protected fairly well against the negative economic impacts of the pandemic among families with children, especially among vulnerable families (those with lowest income level prior COVID-19, with low parental education, single-parent families and families with non-Finnish-born parents). The information gained from this analysis can be useful in economic recovery during and after COVID-19 pandemic, and when preparing for future challenges. 相似文献
26.
Timo Fleckenstein 《Social Policy & Administration》2010,44(7):789-807
The expansion of childcare provision in the traditionally ‘service‐lean’ welfare states of England and Germany, in times when most other welfare programmes faced retrenchment, came with some surprise to the comparative social policy and political economy literature. With the expansion of employment‐oriented family policies, both countries have departed from their previous strong male breadwinner trajectories. Electoral competition and corresponding party and family policy modernisation in attempts to improve female voter mobilisation is key to understanding this paradigmatic shift informed by the adult worker model. 相似文献
27.
28.
Anu-Katriina Pesonen Katri Räikkönen Kati Heinonen Niina Komsi Anna-Liisa Järvenpää Timo Strandberg 《Social Development》2008,17(2):326-340
Although there is growing consensus that parental stress is a risk factor in child development, longitudinal studies of its effects are few. This study tested a sample of 231 mother–child dyads in terms of whether the relations between the global experience of stress in mothers (perceived stress scale) and child temperamental characteristics (infant behavior questionnaire and child behavior questionnaire) could be conceptualized through transactional models of development. The assumption was that higher negative emotionality and lower positive affectivity in the infants would contribute to an increase in maternal stress over a five‐year period, beginning in infancy, and that higher maternal stress would contribute to an increase in child negative affectivity and a decrease in positive affectivity and self‐regulation over the same period. Evidence was found for both hypotheses, but not within the same models: the effect of maternal stress on child temperamental development was greater. The results are discussed with reference to bidirectional models of temperamental development. 相似文献
29.
Der Artikel stellt eine Methodik zur Bildung von bibliometrischen Ma?zahlen vor, mit denen sich die Forschungsleistung von
Autoren, Institutionen, F?chern und F?chergruppen darstellen l?sst. Basierend auf den im SSCI erfassten wissenschaftlichen
Artikeln, den Impaktfaktoren der Zeitschriften, in denen sie erschienen sind, sowie der H?ufigkeit, mit der die Artikel innerhalb
der Zeitschriften des SSCI zitiert werden, beschreiben absolute und relative Publikations- und Zitationsma?e anschlie?end
die Publikationsleistung der soziologischen Institute im Vergleich zu den anderen gro?en wirtschafts- und sozial-wissenschaftlichen
F?chern Politologie, Betriebswirtschaftslehre und Volkswirtschaftslehre. An insgesamt zehn deutschen Hochschulen liegt die
Soziologie bei der absoluten Zahl der Ver?ffentlichungen und Zitationen zwischen 1993 und 2002 weit hinter der Volkswirtschaftslehre,
holt unter Berücksichtigung des eingesetzten Personals jedoch auf. Eine zweite Analyse vergleicht die Forschungsleistung der
Institute für Soziologie an den zehn Standorten. Bei allen absoluten Ma?zahlen liegt die Universit?t Mannheim vorn. Unter
Berücksichtigung der eingesetzten Mittel zeigt sich, dass die Soziologen der LMU München und der Universit?t zu K?ln qualitativ
und quantitativ am produktivsten forschen und auch kleine Institute unter Effizienzgesichtspunkten wettbewerbsf?hig sind. 相似文献
30.
Bayesian model learning based on a parallel MCMC strategy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We introduce a novel Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for estimation of posterior probabilities over discrete model spaces.
Our learning approach is applicable to families of models for which the marginal likelihood can be analytically calculated,
either exactly or approximately, given any fixed structure. It is argued that for certain model neighborhood structures, the
ordinary reversible Metropolis-Hastings algorithm does not yield an appropriate solution to the estimation problem. Therefore,
we develop an alternative, non-reversible algorithm which can avoid the scaling effect of the neighborhood. To efficiently
explore a model space, a finite number of interacting parallel stochastic processes is utilized. Our interaction scheme enables
exploration of several local neighborhoods of a model space simultaneously, while it prevents the absorption of any particular
process to a relatively inferior state. We illustrate the advantages of our method by an application to a classification model.
In particular, we use an extensive bacterial database and compare our results with results obtained by different methods for
the same data. 相似文献