材料工程类专业学生材料科学素质培养浅析

对材料科学素质的内涵进行了界定,指出了材料工程类专业学生材料科学素质培养的必要性。从调整培养方案、利用现代化教学手段、加强师资队伍建设等方面对材料工程类专业学生材料科学素质的培养提出了建议。     

Testing an Economic Model of Nonprofit Growth: Analyzing the Behaviors and Decisions of Nonprofit Organizations,Private Donors,and Governments

This study draws an economic model of the growth of nonprofit organizations by analyzing the behaviors of three major actors—nonprofit organizations, private donors, and governments—in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources for nonprofit services. Since decisions made by each actor affect resource allocation, it is important to understand what drives these decisions. The model was tested using an unbalanced, 463 panel dataset collected from 28 OECD countries over a 23-year period. The results indicated that macro- and micro-economic trends and government policies framed the decision premises of the three major actors, which led them to leverage the supply and demand for goods and services and, in turn, determined how they allocated limited resources for nonprofit services. This result implies that understanding the interdependencies of all sectors of the economy is critical to comprehending the size and development of the nonprofit sector. Effective management of micro-economic policies and macro-economic stability is necessary. More important, however, is understanding how a decision in one part of the economy will have intended and unintended effects on the nonprofit sector.     

从玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特看英国启蒙时期的女性教育观

在启蒙时期的英国,女性仍然主要被禁锢在家庭这个私人领域,女子教育以家庭非正式教育模式为主。这一时期大部分男性启蒙思想家的女性教育理念与宗旨是使女性"依附"与"屈从"于男性,而以沃斯通克拉夫特为代表的一些女性知识分子开始意识到教育对女性解放的重要性,批判两性不平等的根源,提出培育女性的理性、发展新型女子教育的主张。本文分析了启蒙时期英国女性教育理论之争,探讨了沃斯通克拉夫特女性教育理论的主要内容及其对启蒙时期女性教育观的影响,以及她与同时代思想家就女性教育主张的异同点。     

流水不腐,户枢不蠹:创新型地方政府与经济高质量发展——基于僵尸企业的研究视角

本文采用文本分析法从政府工作报告中提炼出创新型地方政府的风格特征,在验证该量化方法合理性的基础上,以僵尸企业为研究切入点,以我国工业企业为研究样本,实证检验政府施政风格所扮演的角色。研究发现:当地方政府施政风格创新程度越高时,当地企业僵尸化程度越低。异质性检验还发现:创新型地方政府会更多地促进社会重要性相对较低的僵尸企业“脱僵”,减少这部分企业的僵尸化现象。本文研究对于探索新发展格局下如何转化政府职能、寻求经济增长新动力、实现经济高质量发展具有积极的实践意义。     

A Semiparametric Regression Model for Longitudinal Data with Non‐stationary Errors

Motivated by the need to analyze the National Longitudinal Surveys data, we propose a new semiparametric longitudinal mean‐covariance model in which the effects on dependent variable of some explanatory variables are linear and others are non‐linear, while the within‐subject correlations are modelled by a non‐stationary autoregressive error structure. We develop an estimation machinery based on least squares technique by approximating non‐parametric functions via B‐spline expansions and establish the asymptotic normality of parametric estimators as well as the rate of convergence for the non‐parametric estimators. We further advocate a new model selection strategy in the varying‐coefficient model framework, for distinguishing whether a component is significant and subsequently whether it is linear or non‐linear. Besides, the proposed method can also be employed for identifying the true order of lagged terms consistently. Monte Carlo studies are conducted to examine the finite sample performance of our approach, and an application of real data is also illustrated.     

单因素约束下的坡市人口合理容量测算——以成都市为例

为制定城市发展规划，以实现城市可持续发展的目标，需对城市合理人口容量进行测算。考虑人口容量与经济、社会、自然的关系，选取国民生产总值、经济弹性系数、产业发展、耕地资源、水资源为制约人口容量的制约因素．测度各因素制约下的人口合理容量，最后应用“木桶原理”得到同时满足各个制约因素的人口合理容量。     

对赫哲族聚居区"十五"期间经济和社会发展的调查分析

本文作者在"十五"期间深入赫哲族聚居区,对赫哲族人民在"十五"期间经济和社会生活各方面所取得的成就进行了调查和分析,向我们展示了赫哲族在"十五"期间全面建设小康社会取得的新成就.     

苏轼南贬儋州经行路线考论

苏轼一生南羁北宦、颠沛流离,其中南贬儋州乃宦迹的最后一站。他于绍圣四年（1097）四月十九日离开惠州,同年七月二日到达儋州;元符三年（1100）六月上旬遇赦北归,建中靖国元年（1101）一月四日到达大庾岭,结束了岭南贬谪生活,回到内地。其间所经行的路线、交游的人物及创作的诗文,班班可考,无不彰显了诗人坎坷的心路历程与丰富的情感内涵。我们通过察考苏轼南贬儋州经行路线,兼及其交游人物与所作诗文,对深化晚年苏轼研究,探讨宋代交通与文学关系研究均不无禆益。     

A Seemingly Unrelated Nonparametric Additive Model with Autoregressive Errors

This article considers a nonparametric additive seemingly unrelated regression model with autoregressive errors, and develops estimation and inference procedures for this model. Our proposed method first estimates the unknown functions by combining polynomial spline series approximations with least squares, and then uses the fitted residuals together with the smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) penalty to identify the error structure and estimate the unknown autoregressive coefficients. Based on the polynomial spline series estimator and the fitted error structure, a two-stage local polynomial improved estimator for the unknown functions of the mean is further developed. Our procedure applies a prewhitening transformation of the dependent variable, and also takes into account the contemporaneous correlations across equations. We show that the resulting estimator possesses an oracle property, and is asymptotically more efficient than estimators that neglect the autocorrelation and/or contemporaneous correlations of errors. We investigate the small sample properties of the proposed procedure in a simulation study.     

Diana Fu: Mobilizing Without the Masses: Control and Contention in China

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations -