文化工具主义与当代英国文化政策的实施效果评价

英国文化政策建立在文化工具主义基础之上,文化功能一方面指向经济发展,其主要路径是智力资本集聚与创意技能培育;另一方面指向社会融合,其主要路径是审美教育与文化认同.然而,工具主义文化政策的实施效果并不明显,文化与社会融合、经济发展的因果关系也并不能被实践所证明.对文化界定的模糊反而导致英国文化政策产生摇摆与困惑,创意产业带来的大众娱乐的发展也有将英国传统文化和高雅艺术边缘化的危险.     

国家发生学:经济学视角的初步解读

国家,这一高度复杂的人类组织形式,是怎样出现的?国家发生学,即国家起源的内生性问题,是社会科学界长久关注,复杂且重大的理论问题。研究者从政治学、历史学、社会学、人类学和经济学等不同学科角度,分别提出了契约说、水利灌溉说、人口压力说、战争说、比较优势说等多种假说。从国家起源的内生与外生的经济学视角,通过对上述主要假说进行初步的分类解读,可以看出,虽然已有假说中不乏洞见,但对演化进程的解释仍有不少重要缺环,尚未形成逻辑上自洽的国家起源内生理论。因此,有必要进一步研究国家如何内生的经济学思路:即以农业部落和游牧部落的冲突为基础,以部落间比较优势、部落内联合为机制,解释国家何以演化地出现。     

因特网条约权利管理信息条款研究——兼论我国《著作权法》第三次修改

随着信息网络技术的不断发展,数字环境下的知识产权保护和执法逐渐成为一项重要的课题。1996年世界知识产权组织因特网条约对权利管理信息保护进行了专门规定,首次在国际法层面上要求各成员国对于权利管理信息提供适当和有效的法律救济。由于因特网条约仅提供了一个保护权利管理信息的基本框架,各成员国在很大程度上可以自由决定如何履行其国际法义务。比较各国履行因特网条约权利管理保护条款的国内立法,主要差异体现在权利管理信息定义、禁止行为、主观认知要求、例外限制情形以及法律救济方式五个方面。我国《著作权法第三次修改草案》在现行立法的基础上对权利管理信息提供了较为详尽合理的规定,但仍然存在一定不足有待明确。     

The influence of acculturation level and family relationships on quality of life among U.S. Chinese older adults

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the influence of acculturation level and family relationships (i.e., positive family support and negative family strain) on quality of life (QOL), using the data from the Population Study of ChINese Elderly (PINE) in Chicago (N = 3159). Controlling for sociodemographic variables and health status, it was found that individuals’ acculturation level and positive family support were positively related to QOL, whereas negative family strain was negatively associated with QOL. More importantly, higher acculturation levels were associated with increased protective effects of positive family support and reduced risk effects of negative family strain on QOL among U.S. Chinese older adults.     

新型城镇化发展质量提升创新驱动因素的实证分析

文章构建“创新驱动”视角下的新型城镇化发展质量评价指标体系,并测算出2000-2015年江、浙、沪的新型城镇化发展质量状况.依据三个地区“创新驱动”视角下的新型城镇化发展质量和影响因素的面板数据构建了随机效应变截矩模型,研究发现人力资本、技术创新、机构创新和制度创新等创新驱动因素对江、浙、沪新型城镇化发展质量提升起到重要的推动作用.     

故都北平的文化生产与文学记忆

城市身份与地位的变化决定着城市的命运,也影响着城市空间意象与心理想象的建构.近代北京在国都南迁后改称北平,面临着重新塑造自身形象的问题,城市文化生产与文学记忆的逻辑也随之发生改变.在作为城市旅游手册的系列北平"指南"与各种文学书写中,北平由一个走向现代化的国都转变为以保存传统为要务的故都,北平的文化生产与文学记忆亦由对城市现代化的向往转为寻求文化之维,最终将北平建构为一个文化古城.     

Computing A-optimal and E-optimal designs for regression models via semidefinite programming

In semidefinite programming (SDP), we minimize a linear objective function subject to a linear matrix being positive semidefinite. A powerful program, SeDuMi, has been developed in MATLAB to solve SDP problems. In this article, we show in detail how to formulate A-optimal and E-optimal design problems as SDP problems and solve them by SeDuMi. This technique can be used to construct approximate A-optimal and E-optimal designs for all linear and nonlinear regression models with discrete design spaces. In addition, the results on discrete design spaces provide useful guidance for finding optimal designs on any continuous design space, and a convergence result is derived. Moreover, restrictions in the designs can be easily incorporated in the SDP problems and solved by SeDuMi. Several representative examples and one MATLAB program are given.     

The heterogeneous impact of pension income on elderly living arrangements: evidence from China’s new rural pension scheme

This paper investigates the impact of pension income on living arrangements of the elderly. Taking advantage of a unique opportunity due to the recent establishment and expansion of the New Rural Pension Scheme in China, we explicitly address the endogeneity of pension status and pension income through a fixed-effect model with instrumental variable approach by exploiting exogenous time variation in the program implementation at county level. We find an overall positive effect of pension income on independent living as well as considerable heterogeneity. The positive income effects of the NRPS are concentrated among the elderly with adult children living nearby, of higher socio-economic status, and with better health at baseline; for other groups, the effects are insignificant. We also find that more generous programs exhibit larger effects. Our results highlight that living arrangement is multidimensional in rural China.     

A PPI-MVM Model for Identifying Poverty-Stricken Villages: A Case Study from Qianjiang District in Chongqing,China

To support China’s national poverty alleviation strategies, it is urgent to develop a scientific method for identifying the poverty-stricken villages and the contributing factors. Based on the anti-poverty plan of “Entire-Village Advancement” of China and the human-environment interaction perspective, the paper proposes a participatory poverty identification model that utilizes geographic information system to quantify and integrate various contributing factors for poverty at the village level. First, a set of poverty identification factors are determined from the human-environment interaction perspective. Secondly, the game theory is used to combine the participatory subjective weight method and the objective entropy method to weight the factors, and a participatory poverty identification with minimum variance model is developed to identify the poverty-stricken villages and their contributing factors. Finally, the model is applied to Qianjiang District in Chongqing, and the case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the model. The model not only identifies the poverty-stricken villages systematically but also helps guide policies for effective poverty interventions.     

生命价值视角下农村留守老人的供养制度

农村留守老人的供养制度主要包括以种植或养殖为基础的自我供养、以晚辈支撑为基础的后代供养和以福利支持为基础的社会供养.对中国留守老人而言,“居家养老”仍会是未来一段时间符合乡村现实的养老方式.目前,“居家养老”所依靠的自我供养和后代供养逐渐呈现衰微的趋势,社会供养也十分有限.文章通过对留守老人社会角色的重新认知,可以发现他们并非“废弃的生命”,而是乡村重要的根基.立基于留守老人生命价值的供养制度应当包含:基于“分享”理念的福利制度,使留守老人从社会财富中分得应有份额;基于“大健康”理念的医疗制度,对留守老人的健康进行防微杜渐式关照;以“自下而上”理念为基础的文化制度,使留守老人真正获得精神喜乐.