Flipping and ex post aggregation

We show that Bayesian ex post aggregation is unstable with respect to refinements. Suppose a group of Bayesians use ex post aggregation. Since it is a joint problem, each agent's problem is captured by the same model, but probabilities and utilities may vary. If they analyze the same situation in more detail, their refined analysis should preserve their preferences among acts. However, ex post aggregation could bring about a preference reversal on the group level. Ex post aggregation thus depends on how much information is used and may keep oscillating (“flipping”) as one keeps adding more information. Received: 16 April 2002/Accepted: 27 May 2002     

On strategy-proofness and essentially single-valued cores: A converse result

In a general model of indivisible good allocation, S?nmez (1999) established that, whenever the core is nonempty for each preference profile, if an allocation rule is strategy-proof, individually rational and Pareto optimal, then the rule is a selection from the core correspondence, and the core correspondence must be essentially single-valued. This paper studies the converse claim of this result. I demonstrate that whenever the preference domain satisfies a certain condition of `richness', if the core correspondence is essentially single-valued, then any selection from the core correspondence is strategy-proof (even weakly coalition strategy-proof, in fact). In particular, on the domain of preferences in which each individual has strict preferences over his own assignments and there is no consumption externality, such an allocation rule is coalition strategy-proof. And on this domain, coalition strategy-proofness is equivalent to Maskin monotonicity, an important property in implementation theory. Received: 22 February 2000/Accepted: 22 January 2002 I am grateful to Ryo-ichi Nagahisa, Shinji Ohseto, Hiroshi Ono, Tomoichi Shinotsuka and Shigehiro Serizawa for valuable comments. And I am indebted to two anonymous referees for useful suggestions. Especially, I owe the present proof of Lemma 2 to one referee. I also thank Yukihiko Funaki, Atsushi Kajii, Mamoru Kaneko, Eiichi Miyagawa, Tatsuyoshi Saijo, Manimay Sengupta, Yves Sprumont, Yoshikatsu Tatamitani, Manabu Toda, Takashi Ui, Takehiko Yamato, Naoki Yoshihara and the participants of the seminars in Hokkaido University, Kansai University, ISER (Osaka University), Otaru University of Commerce and Tsukuba University. All errors are my own responsiblity.     

农业宏观预警系统构架初探

农业宏观预警系统,是农业现代化管理发展的必然产物,它的建立将减少我国农业宏观决策中的失误。文章提出了农业预警系统的指标体系和系统的基本构架设想,分析了农业预警系统建立的客观条件。     

从句法到语用：隐喻的真值条件

在对隐喻真值条件的探讨中，吉纳比与斯坦哈特分别基于范畴归属和可类比性刻画了纯粹的语义真值条件。如果把讨论延伸至句法和语用，将能更深入地反映隐喻的生成和理解。真值条件语用学认为，语句的完整语义可以视为其组成部分经语境调适的内容（及其组合方式）的函数。在范畴类型理论框架下，该调适过程具体可以通过赋予表达式不同的范畴和相应的类型来体现。就隐喻语句而言，语境的调适体现为转变源域类型和限制隐喻函数对性质的选择，首先将源域的类型由个体集转化为性质集，然后通过一个从性质集到个体集的隐喻函数，在源域性质集中提取符合语境的特征性质，如果目标域中的对象满足这一提取出的性质，则隐喻语句为真。     

几类矩阵的研究及其应用

对几类矩阵进行了刻划；对于非负阵谱半径的一个重要性质￣［１］，给出了新的简单证明；作为应用，得到有重要实际意义的某些类矩阵之逆的谱半径的界的估计。     

核准制IPO定价实证分析

本文用信息经济学的理论和计量经济学的实证分析方法研究了我国核准制下的新股定价问题 ,指出市场主体决策时的信息差异是造成新股发行价和上市价相背离的主要原因 ,并构建多元回归模型对这一假设进行了检验。     

The dilemma of recognition: Administrative categories and cultural diversity

Governments around the world combat inequality by means of group-specific redistribution. Some pursue redistribution that benefits groups, but also wish to avoid accentuating or even recognizing group distinctions. This poses a dilemma that they try to resolve by adjusting the category system used to target redistribution. There are three types of adjustment: accommodation (the multicultural approach), denial (the ideal-typical liberal solution), and replacement (a compromise). In replacement the targets of redistributive policies are constructed to avoid accentuation or recognition of inconvenient group distinctions, but still allow redistribution that benefits these groups. Replacement is increasingly in demand around the world because the disadvantages of multiculturalism are becoming apparent while denial is hard to sustain in the face of group inequality. The actual effect of replacement is little researched and less understood, however. Does it resolve the dilemma of recognition? Two examples–India and Nigeria–where replacement has been tried ever since the 1950s cast doubt on its viability.     

中国会计国际化趋势

通过对中国会计国际化进程中会计制度改革的现状及存在问题的分析,指出了处在经济转型时期的中国,与国际财务报告准则完全接轨尚有一定的障碍。随着我国改革开放的深入和参与国际经济一体化步伐的加快,这些障碍会逐步消失,与国际财务报告准则全面接轨是必然趋势。今后的努力方向:第一,要大力培养国际型高素质的会计人才;第二,要健全法律法规,完善市场经济体制,为会计国际化创造良好的外部环境;第三,要加强会计界的国际交流与合作,借鉴国际会计惯例,逐步实现中国会计的国际化。