论东北亚安全合作的困境及其民族主义根源

冷战结束后,东北亚地区安全合作一直发展滞后,呈现出地区内在结构相互牵制、政策立场差异大、共有理念缺失及军备竞赛加剧等表现形态,这种状况导致了地区安全形势更加敏感和脆弱.本文从民族主义的视角入手,通过民族主义关于国家利益的界定和对国家外交政策影响路径的分析,来解释当前东北亚安全合作困境的症结所在.     

关于民俗博物馆突出地域性的研究

作为博物馆中至关重要的组成部分之一,民俗博物馆通过对历史以及民俗文化进行集中梳理和展示,使得人们能够充分了解当地的民风民俗,并由此激发人们的爱国情怀,提高人们对民族文化的认同感和自豪感。而受全球化的影响,文化趋同化愈发明显,因此,民俗博物馆想要在新时期下实现长久稳定发展,必须积极突出自身的地域性特点,以此充分发挥自身传承和保护传统民族文化和民俗文化的重要作用。在这一背景下,本文从阐述民俗博物馆地域性文化特征入手,在与笔者自身多年工作实际进行有效结合下,尝试为民俗博物馆如何凸显地域性提出几点相应对策建议。     

中国人口老龄化的地区差异分析

本文基于1990—2013年省际面板数据,以老年人口比重作为老龄化指标,采用基尼系数分解方法和Kernel密度估计方法,实证分析了中国人口老龄化的地区差异及其动态演进过程。研究结果表明：中国人口老龄化在地区分布上呈现出明显的非均衡特征;基尼系数测算及其分解结果表明,人口老龄化的地区差异总体上呈现波动缩小趋势;2004年以前,地区间差距和超变密度交替成为总体地区差异的主要来源,2004年以后,超变密度成为总体差异的主要来源。 Kernel密度估计显示,老龄化程度不断加深,地区差异呈波动趋势。     

医养融合型养老模式下老年人群生命质量的实证分析及影响因素研究

随着我国人口老龄化程度的不断加剧,医养融合型养老模式在国家政策的推动下,不少地方的试点取得了初步成效.文章应用WHOQOL-BREF(世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表)和自制问卷在南京市秦淮区医养融合型养老机构及社区进行调研,测算并比较医养融合型养老服务模式下老年人与非医养融合型养老服务模式下老年人生命质量得分,并利用相关定量模型进行实证分析.研究发现:医养融合服务较显著地提高了老年人的生命质量,医养服务满意度及子女负担状况会对医养融合服务模式下老年人的生命质量产生影响.鼓励推行医养融合型养老服务模式,准确定位医养融合发展路径;全面优化医养融合服务水平与层次;积极转变养老理念,给予老年人群更多的关注与支持是进一步提高医养融合型养老模式下老年人群生命质量的有效策略.     

书画同源——论书法和绘画在用笔上的相关性

作为中国传统文化的代表:书法和绘画,从产生之初就具有了难舍难分的关系,它们在以后的发展过程中,由于实用目的不同,书法和绘画各自的特征也越来越明显,但是他们在本质上仍具有共性,这便是中国传统的哲学基础,比如它们都强调要在作品中表现出宇宙永恒运行的规律(道或气).本文试从书法和绘画作品的表现形式方面,暨书法和绘画的用笔来探讨它们之间的相关性,并结合历代研究该命题的相关文献,作相应论述,并得出结论.     

地理资本视阈下西北民族地区贫困问题实证研究——以宁夏为例

西北民族地区的贫困问题是一个涉及政治、经济、民族、宗教、历史及文化于一体的复杂系统工程,具有明显的特殊性。文章基于地理资本视角,以宁夏回族自治区为典型实证研究区域,以2000—2012年相关统计指标数据为基础,运用定量分析的方法,构建了多元线性回归模型,对研究区的贫困现象进行了实证测度。结果表明,地理资本要素对民族地区贫困的形成和缓解具有显著的"双重"影响效应;同时也表明,地理资本要素对贫困的影响又具有一定程度的不确定性。在此基础上,就如何减少和消除地理资本对贫困的负效应和提高人类对其不确定性的认知,提出了相应的政策措施。     

亚太自由贸易区构建路径的比较分析——兼论中国的战略选择

构建亚太自由贸易区(FTAAP)一直被地区各国认为是推动国家间贸易和投资更加自由化和便利化,促进地区繁荣的重要战略目标。然而,对于如何实现这一目标国家间却始终存在分歧。从最初"10+3"被确认为是重要的现实路径,到几年前亚太经合组织(APEC)高调宣称将构建亚太自由贸易区作为一项长期目标,再到跨太平洋伙伴关系(TPP)所引发的对高质量、跨地区自由贸易体系的热议,直至当前区域全面经济伙伴关系(RCEP)的勃兴,FTAAP的构建路径多轨并存、相互交织,仍然存在相当大的不确定性。在可见的未来,一种混合型路径将是构建FTAAP的现实可行选择。中国应该积极推动RCEP谈判顺利进行,并以开放的心态观察TPP的进展,同时借助APEC的平台凝聚共识,确保国家的战略经济利益。     

社会多元化转型期隐私权与知情权关系研究

当代中国,社会的思维方式、行为方式、评价模式发生着深刻变化,并具体对隐私权与知情权的发展扩展产生重要影响。今天,隐私权与知情权冲突问题日益突出,冲突本质在于两者在价值与利益问题上的紧张关系,并具体展现为公法领域冲突与私法领域冲突两大方面。为化解权利冲突,应明确人格尊严与自由、社会政治与公共利益的基本冲突协调原则,构建包括认定、确立、调整、评价四个层次的完整冲突协调体系。     

四川少数民族村寨旅游扶贫模式转变研究

In 2012 , State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission of the People’ s Republic of China( hereaf-ter SEAC ) announced an outline concerning the protection and development of‘ethnic minority vil-lages with special characteristics ’ . The develop-ment of such villages is one of the important tasks of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission:this devel-opment aims to foster the conservation of ethnic culture and to accelerate the development of the ethnic areas in which these villages lie. On Sep-tember 23 , 2014 , the State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission announced guanyu minming shoupi zhong-guo shaoshu minzu tese chunzhai de tongzhi ( No-tice on the Naming of the First Group of China ’ s Ethnic Minority Villages with Special Characteris-tics):340 villages in total were inscribed into the list of this so-called ‘First Batch ’ , among which four villages of Sichuan province were included:( i) Jiefang village of Haqu in Leshan, ( ii) Mutuo Village of Maoxian in Aba, ( iii) Shangmo Village of Songfan in Aba, and ( iv) Guza Village of Seda in Ganzi. With the support of the so-called‘Poverty Al-leviation Policy’ , tourism in ethnic minority villa-ges has been booming; however, this has also re-sulted in a new series of related problems that need to be addressed. Tourism development obviously had reduced regional poverty. Since the 1980s, the promotion of economic development through tourism in the ethnic areas ( with a corresponding improvement of people ’ s living conditions ) has been widely accepted by society. Also in the prov-ince of Sichuan the ‘poverty alleviation through tourism’ policy has led to economic growth and has reduced the poverty of the people in the ethnic mi-nority areas. From 2011 to 2014, the SEAC has invested 57. 8 million Yuan in the development of ethnic minority villages in Sichuan province. This has led to the implementation of 73 projects and has benefited around 100,000 people, 7 indige-nous ethnic groups, and 11 prefectures and munic-ipalities in Sichuan. It seems that this‘poverty al-leviation through tourism ’ ( hereafter PATT ) has resulted in good economic and social effects. Ethnic minority villages in Sichuan share sim-ilar challenges: ( i) a low level of production and productivity,economic backwardness, simplistic e-conomic infrastructure, cultural narrow-minded-ness, a low level of education and personal devel-opment, and a fragile condition of local nature and cultural surroundings. Moreover, tourism has since deeply altered previous development models for these regions: this has also brought many new problems, like e. g. how to correctly distribute the newly acquired economic benefits and profits, as well as cultural and environmental protection is-sues. Many of these problems seem to be only tran-sitional;however, these challenges do ask for the necessary tweaks of the PATT policies. This article thus tries to review the model of PATT as imple-mented in the ethnic villages of Sichuan. The arti-cle explores its different stages/aspects:( i) adap-tation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the gov-ernment, ( iii) an evolving profit model for local people, and ( iv ) evolving local talent discovery and activation. The first aspect of PATT is the change of the development goals. At first, the priority is to get rid of poverty through tourism. To initially boost local tourism, the government must make major in-vestments: enhancement of the basic infrastruc-ture, creation of a touristic brand and initial adver-tising for the ethnic villages. However, when the PATT has been effectively implemented, and reached a mature stage of development, i. e. the village has become relatively popular and annual numbers of tourists have reached a stable good lev-el, the goals must be adapted: economic develop-ment should change to sustainable development. The new goals would be a combination of local tourism and local related industries, such as handi-craft products, catering and other hospitality busi-nesses etc. When all of this takes place, the eth-nic villages and areas seem to be able to arrive at a green and sustainable development path. The second stage is the change of the role of government. As said, in the beginning large in-vestments in infrastructure, tourism marketing and publicity are needed. In this start-up stage, the village needs quite a lot of human and material re-sources. Without the financial and human aid of the government, it’ s very hard to change a local ethnic minority village into a tourist destination. Hence, the government should play a supportive role during the initial stages of tourism develop-ment, while taking the local villagers ’ will and ethnic culture into consideration: the government should consult with the villagers and encourage the villagers’ participation in the whole development process. When indeed the PATT reaches a mature phase, the local people can take over. By then the locals have gained much experience;their attitudes and business skills have sufficiently improved so the government can take a step back, leaving the villagers to further develop the villages by them-selves. The third aspect is an ‘evolving profit model for local people ’ . During the initial stages of PATT, it’ s all about developing basic tourism pro-jects: at this moment, the main profit models for businesses rely on ( a) ethnic culture projects with distinct characteristics, ( b ) establishing high quality modes of the tourists route, and ( c) pro-moting the unique name and fame of the villages. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the villagers themselves must further develop and maintain their unique brand and fame. As said, the government takes a step back while local peo-ple are to develop new related sustainable profit models. The fourth issue is the further evolution of‘local talent discovery and activation ’ or‘talent mechanisms’ . Before the initial stages of PATT in Sichuan, the local villagers of the ethnic minorities had been engaged in traditional agriculture for many years;hence it was difficult for them to tran-sition into modern industries such as tourism and hospitality. Moreover, there were very few locals who had any knowledge of this tourism/hospitality industry. E. g. only some elderly people conducted simplistic tour guide practices for tourists: they were unable to provide any in-depth explanations of the traditional ethnic customs and culture due to language barriers. Thus, outsiders ( including gov-ernment staff and tourism professionals ) had to come in and provide advanced concepts, methods, and training. More importantly, a new ‘local tal-ent team’ had to discover and activate local people with tourism talents/abilities. This allowed for a genuine local tourism industry to come into exist-ence and further evolve. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the government should re-turn the economic benefits back to the local people and give them the dominant right to further self-de-velopment. A newly developed professional middle class will then allow the local people to further de-cide on the future of the ethnic villages. After the initial ‘local talent discovery and activation ’ , a more mature ‘talent mechanism ’ should be formed. Led by the best local talents, people from all circles should be encouraged to take part in the further development of the local villages and areas:this allows for greater stability and continuity, while new talents can develop more. This article has analyzed the implementation and adaptation of PATT in the province of Si-chuan, including the ( i) adaptation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the government, ( iii) an evol-ving profit model for local people, and ( iv) evol-ving local talent discovery and activation. Howev-er, the development of ethnic minority villages still seems to face many difficulties and challenges, and need to be studied and discussed more.     

刍议高校排球裁判能力的培养

裁判能力的教学是体育专业排球教学的一个重要组成部分。本文通过分析高校体育专业学生排球裁判能力培养的现状,透过现象看本质,提出培养高校学生排球裁判能力的具体方法与措施,为高校体育专业排球裁判的培养提供合理的依据,以促进排球运动健康合理的发展。