美国高校创新人才培养模式及借鉴——以美国三所高校为例

课程体系改革和创新人才培养是我国高校目前重要的改革课题,而国外高校经过不断的改革和发展,创新人才培养及其课程体系已经达到了比较成热的阶段,如,哈佛大学的多元人才培养模式,哥伦比亚大学、麻省理工学院的课程设置都有许多值得借鉴之处.哈佛等著名高校的创新人才理念就是要适应社会发展的潮流,符合社会的需要,创新人才不仅要拥有专业的技术技能,还应该有扎实的人文基础,博与专的结合是高校培养创新人才的重要目标.我国高校特别是理工科高校人才培养理念和培养机制都存在着一定的问题,阻碍了创新人才的培养.     

用全新思路破解房地产难题

今天的房地产问题已成为一个关乎国民经济整体运行的全局性问题,必须用全新的思路来破解这一难题,才能收到实效。     

企业家对机会识别的认知特点研究

机会识别是一种特殊的认知加工,以企业家的认知模式作为研究的切入点有助于探索其本质属性。围绕机会识别的3个认知特点,本文提出了3个假设:(1)基于若干个关键特征的组块;(2)可以被企业家(专家)快速感知的;(3)有赖于经验性内容作为参照的。先后通过2个样本的数据分析,研究结果证实了假设的有效性。     

编者按

With the increase in the proportion of older adults in our country, the psychological problems of older adults have aroused the attention from academia and the whole society. Maintaining a high level of mental health is directly related to the overall welfare levels and living conditions of older adults. The scholars abroad have begun to explore the relationship between social participation, especially participation in commonweal activities, and mental health of older adults. However, in China participation in commonweal activities of older adults have not yet formed a broad and effective pattern. In this context, we attempt to study the impact of participation in commonweal activities of older adults on mental health, and hope to provide new ideas for the research on alleviating the pressure of aging population and achieving the happiness of older adults. By reviewing the related literature about participation in commonweal activities and mental health of older adults, we forwarded the theoretical model in which participation in commonweal activities could affect mental health, and hypothesized that participation in commonweal activities can highly improve the mental health of older adults and provide ″social compensation effect″ for vulnerable people. If vulnerable older adults participate in commonweal activities, they can get more benefit. On this basis, by using the data from Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2005, we made an empirical analysis. First, we found that education, income, health and being a communist had a positive effect on participating in commonweal activities among older adults. Older adults with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to participate. Then we used the treatment-effect model which could control and eliminate sample selection bias to find how participation in commonweal activities influences mental health. We found participation in commonweal activities can highly improve the mental health of older adults. Older adults who participated in commonweal activities reported higher level of mental health. Finally, we chose health, income and education to measure the vulnerability of older adults, and used a treatment-effect model with interaction term to prove ″social compensation effect.″ The findings show that when older adults with poorer health, lower education and lower income participated in commonweal activities, their level of mental health could get more improvement. In other words, vulnerable older adults could get more benefit from participating in commonweal activities, which strongly prove ″social compensation effect.″ We combined participation in commonweal activities and mental health, which provided a useful supplement for the current research field of older adults. And we creatively found that participation in commonweal activities could provide ″social compensation effect″ for vulnerable people. Although there are challenges to recruiting vulnerable older adults to participate, their psychological problems should gain more attention from the whole society. Ignoring them would produce the Matthew effect. Thus, we suggest the whole society may encourage older adults, especially vulnerable older adults, to participate in commonweal activities.     

博士生创造力培养探微

博士生创造能力的高低直接影响到未来中国科技发展的竞争力，其重要性自不待言。就共创造品质的培养，可从博士生、导师及相关培养机构进行考察。博士生自身须主动在诸如求知的动力、思维方式的转变、吃苦的精神、前瞻的学术视野及淡薄名利的品质等方面着力；导师则在博士生的选择、学术规范的指导及培养模式上发挥其主观能动性；培养机构亦应在培养目标、师资配置、学术管理及就业服务等方面尽其职责。     

事与愿违的门和窗

到一位亲戚家做客时,听这位亲戚讲述了这样一件说大不大,说小又不小的事情:她们楼的日常垃圾一般都扔到楼下的垃圾站里。近几天,社区开展了声势浩大的居住环境治理活动,垃圾站原先敞开的大门也上了锁,只留下两个装着活页的窗户供人们丢弃垃圾。这位亲戚和许多居民一样,起初还挺     

ACC合成酶活性的调节

在不能合成乙烯的植物组织中,ACC的可利用性通常是限制因子。因此,在关于控制乙烯合成的研究中,ACC合成酶活性的调节具有特殊的重要性。由于胁迫(stress)的结果,例如伤害(Boller和Kende,1980;Yu和yang,1980)和对吲哚乙酸的反应(Jones和Kende,1979;Yu和Yang,1979),在番茄成熟期间ACC合成酶的活性增加。在番茄果皮组织切割后,已观察到ACC-合成酶的活性最迅速和最大的增加。所以,许多关于ACC-合成酶活性的调节工作都是利用受伤的果皮组织进行的。     

高校体育有效教学研究

随着教育改革的不断深入,高校体育教学也得到很大的发展,如何进一步实现突破创新,如何进一步提高高校教学的质量和效率就成为我们研究的重点内容,本文通过研究,指出如何实施高校体育有效教学具有积极地指导意义.     

英语写作中语篇层次上的遣词造句

本文针对学生在英语写作中所遇到的一些实际问题 ,诸如怎样选择正确的词汇、如何写出正确的句子以及组句成段和组段成篇等方面进行了探讨 ,明确了选词标准和写好句子所应注意的重要事项 ,并且从语篇的角度举例说明了段落间的逻辑性     

多向老人尽点“科技孝心”

老同事家的一双儿女都是搞科研工作的，家里台式电脑、笔记本电脑、IP电话、手机、打印机、复印机应有尽有。我见了羡慕地说：“老兄，你们家可真是现代化高科技家庭啊!”听见这话，老同事脸一沉说：“这叫外人羡慕，家人心烦!”我不解地问：“你这就不对了，能跟上时代发展，高兴还来不及呢，有啥心烦的？”