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31.
The ethnic regions of Western Chi ̄na are rich in ecological and cultural tourism re ̄sources. At the same time, the regions are also ec ̄ologically vulnerable areas with large populations of ethnic groups who have lived for a long time in poverty. Based on years’ investigation, it is obvi ̄ous that tourism development, even though it can promote local economic development, has had a significant negative impact on the ecology, envi ̄ronment and local communities. During the 18 th and 17 th National Congresses of the Communist Pary of China, a policy was announced to improve ecological compensation and accelerate the estab ̄lishment of an ecological compensation mecha ̄nism. So far, both government and academia have mainly focused on the effects and necessities of building a mechanism for ecological compensation. Of special concern, even if governments at all lev ̄els sequentially enacted a series of policie with cer ̄tain characteristics of ecological compensation, the public is still questioning the impartiality and legit ̄imacy of the charges of such policy of ecological compensation. Thus, the task of implementing the ecological compensation policy faces many obsta ̄cles. At present, the core research issue on eco ̄logical compensation is no longer just the question of why it should be charged. This question was al ̄ready clearly stated in official documents from cen ̄tral government. Up to now, the core issues that need clarification are:in practice, how the charge be made; what amount of money should be charged;how will the revenue from the charge be used;how will the revenue derived from the charge be audited; and whether or not this charge can help to achieve government objectives in such a way.
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy ̄ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi ̄cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi ̄bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im ̄partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus ̄try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi ̄cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research ̄ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in ̄dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al ̄though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in ̄dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu ̄ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen ̄sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri ̄cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over ̄seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re ̄search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de ̄fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec ̄ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re ̄gions of Western China, and by especially empha ̄sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu ̄tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti ̄tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic ̄tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop ̄ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization. 相似文献
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy ̄ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi ̄cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi ̄bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im ̄partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus ̄try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi ̄cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research ̄ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in ̄dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al ̄though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in ̄dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu ̄ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen ̄sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri ̄cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over ̄seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re ̄search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de ̄fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec ̄ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re ̄gions of Western China, and by especially empha ̄sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu ̄tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti ̄tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic ̄tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop ̄ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization. 相似文献
32.
伴随着信息化时代的到来,媒体的功能逐渐强大,同时,媒体的道德失范现象也日益凸现。当前传媒责任缺失的四大表征:真实性的缺乏、公正性的缺位、媒体腐败以及媚俗化倾向,不仅极大影响了传媒业的健康发展,同时也成为人们对传媒责任之伦理诉求的现实背景。 相似文献
33.
钟美华 《辽宁医学院学报(社会科学版)》2009,7(1):88-90
语言的“不可译性”既有“文化不可译性”与“语言不可译性”之分,也有“相对不可译性”与“绝对不可译性”之别,应该具体分析和区别对待。研究语言的“不可译性”,有利于进一步了解不同语言和文化的异同,也有助于进一步探讨翻译理论,尤其是翻译标准。 相似文献
34.
多车场集送一体化车辆调度问题及其遗传算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对物流配送中的多车场一体化车辆调度问题提出了智能处理方法,采用了基于自然数的一体化配送对路径表示方式,用里程约束来控制车场的插入,以增加惩罚的方式加入时间窗约束。并且根据具体约束情况设计了改进的遗传算法,采用了动态染色体、改进的交叉和变异法、内部扰动和外部扰动等技术,提高了遗传算法的优化效率和优化效果。介绍了此算法的原理,给出了具有一个代表性算例试验结果和结果分析。试验结果表明了此方法对优化有里程和时间窗约束的多车场一体化车辆调度问题的有效性。 相似文献
35.
36.
试论“知识”之定位问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一、“知识”定位于“常识”和“精确知识”之间(一)“常识”定位常识之意义:人间社会流传的全部概念。社会上的一般态度和信仰。一般人的宇宙观。日常生活之习惯。头一次观察之见解。常识之特质:日常生活中随意使用的认识工具。无须深思,更没有反省习惯。其兴趣在目... 相似文献
37.
语言学中的心理学传统——从语言学史的视角来看 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
钟艳萍 《江西农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2006,5(2):141-143
主要从语言学史的视角来考察心理学传统在语言学中的发展过程。由于语言与心理的密切关系,心理学和语言学自古以来就有不解之缘,心理学传统在语言学中源来已久,并蓬勃发展。详细考察了心理学传统的起源、发展和繁荣,并分析了相关原因,最后对语言学中的心理学传统做了总结和展望。 相似文献
38.
钟茜茜 《湖南人文科技学院学报》2015,(2):67-71
中国南方少数民族神话的完整性、丰富性使其具有许多与希腊神话相似的原型人物。将两种神话中具有代表性的两种男女性别原型——"反抗的智者"与"红颜祸水"——进行比较研究,可以发现男性原型往往智慧英勇、敢于反抗,女性原型大都美貌动人、引来祸端。两种神话中的性别原型所隐含的共同性别意识为:男性的主导性与智能性、女性的从属性与诱惑性,它们都是根植于早期人类心理之中的共有性别意识。 相似文献
39.
大学教学改革研究的基本问题到底是什么 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目前,学界把大学教学改革总体视为研究对象,对大学教学改革的基本问题作整体解读和深入考察的理论研究比较缺失,表明人们对大学教学改革的基本问题尚未足够重视和形成系统的把握.改进大学教学改革的基本问题研究,需要在研究主旨和研究视角两方面寻求转变,即研究主旨由过于关注教学改革内容转向更多地关注教学改革方略以及研究视角由单一学科视角转向多学科视角. 相似文献
40.
1979年7月的一天,壮观秀丽的黄山迎来了一位75岁的攀登者———邓小平。我清楚地记得,此时距离历史上具有伟大转折意义的党的十一届三中全会胜利闭幕刚过去半年多,中国的改革开放已经起步向前。在国务繁忙之际,能有机会攀登黄山奇峰,对他老人家来说,实在难得,也异乎寻 相似文献