文白之辨——译经史上文质之争的实质

汉译佛经不但对佛教的传播起到重要作用,而且成为中国近代汉语发展的一股原动力。译经伊始,就出现了所谓文质问题。学界倾向性的看法一般认为译经中的文与质实际上是指意译与直译,即译经方法问题。译经史上的文质之争虽与意译、直译有一定关系,而其最关键者乃在于语言上的文与白,以文言翻译则显文,以白话翻译则为质。     

中共审判日本战犯工作述评

中共审判日本战犯工作,是战后盟国审判日本战犯工作的重要组成部分;具有日本侵华史中不可替代的法理证据;沈阳、太原审判是包括东京审判在内的历次审判日本战犯中最成功的一次.它创造了教育改造和审判惩治相结合的成功经验,为中日关系的长远发展发挥了特殊的作用.由于种种原因,人们往往忽视中共审判日本战犯工作的历史地位和作用,更由于战后中国政治对峙格局的影响,国共双方在审判日本战犯问题上存在矛盾和斗争,人们难以客观评价国共各自所开展的审判工作,甚至将两者对立起来.本文试就战后中共对惩治日本战犯的态度,国共双方在审判日本战犯问题上的斗争,以及中华人民共和国成立后沈阳、太原特别军事法庭对日本战犯的审判工作作一简要述评.     

如何超越二元对立?——对布迪厄与吉登斯比较性评析

在社会学理论范式中,存在诸多二元对立的困境,如何超越这些二元对立已经成为当今社会科学界的重大课题.在试图超越这些对立的努力中,布迪厄和吉登斯的贡献尤为引人注目,两人分别提出了既有区别又有联系的实践理论和结构化理论.布迪厄虽强调实践性,但其惯习概念具有明显的时间属性和决定论倾向.吉登斯的探索虽略显概念化,但其结构二重性也突出行动的能动性.     

旅游业背景下侗族传统民居的文化意义与变迁——对广西三江林溪侗族村寨的田野考察

旅游业的发展增强了当地政府对居住习俗等传统民族文化的保护意识,同时也面临着满足居民改造民居的需求和保护旅游社区原始风貌二者之间的矛盾;为满足居民的合理需求,在政策上应促进社区居民共同参与旅游规划和管理,同时培养地方传统工匠进行景区内民居等建筑景观的设计和施工,以保持社区人文景观的民族特色.     

Predicting the recipients of social work support,and its impact on emotional and behavioural problems in early childhood

This paper examines the recipients of social work support in the Millennium Cohort Study. Using panel analysis and fixed effects models, it investigates the factors that lead to the receipt of any type of social work support for individuals with young children and the effects of this support on changes in the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in these children. We find that divorce or separation, and episodes of homelessness are two important factors that lead to the receipt of social work support. Mothers with male children are also more likely to receive social work support. However, we find no clear evidence that social work support has any effect on changes in children's emotional and behavioural problems over time. The implications of these findings for social work research and for practice and policy are discussed.     

Children of Migrants: The Cumulative Impact of Parental Migration on Children’s Education and Health Outcomes in China

Since the end of 1990s, approximately 160 million Chinese rural workers migrated to cities for work. Because of restrictions on migrant access to local health and education systems, many rural children are left behind in home villages to grow up without parental care. This article examines how exposure to cumulative parental migration affects children’s health and education outcomes. Using the Rural-Urban Migration Survey in China (RUMiC) data, we measure the share of children’s lifetime during which parents were away from home. We instrument this measure of parental absence with weather changes in their home villages when parents were aged 16–25, when they were most likely to initiate migration. Results show a sizable adverse effect of exposure to parental migration on the health and education outcomes of children: in particular, boys. We also find that the use of the contemporaneous measure for parental migration in previous studies is likely to underestimate the effect of exposure to parental migration on children’s outcomes.     

经济状况、社会保障对居民养老意愿的影响及城乡差异

基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS,2013)数据,分析了经济状况和社会保障对居民养老意愿的影响及城乡差异.研究发现:我国居民养老意愿以自助型及半自助型为主,家庭型次之,社会型最低,农村居民更倾向于家庭型模式;多项Logistic模型的结果显示,经济状况和社会保障因素对居民养老意愿均有显著影响,经济状况和社会保障越好,居民家庭型养老的意愿显著性越低,社会型养老的意愿相对地较高,并且,经济状况和社会保障对城镇居民养老意愿的影响更为显著,对农村居民的影响相对较小.     

Patriarchal capitalism with Chinese characteristics: gendered discourse of ‘Double Eleven’ shopping festival

In this article we consider the Double Eleven shopping festival as a major discursive site where the hegemony of what we call patriarchal capitalism with Chinese characteristics is articulated. The state, the market, the corporations and the media, both mainstream and social media, all played an important role in building up a national spending spree that is deeply embedded in the current class and gender structure of China. The phenomenon of Double Eleven emerged at a time when state capitalism has been overwriting socialist institutions, while patriarchal ideology being further intensified through consumerism. As a consequence, the intersectionality of class and gender becomes increasingly manifest in the Chinese society. We start with a brief overview of the trajectory of gender politics in China since 1949, with specific focus on how the socialist project of seeking gender equality was gradually replaced by the quest for ‘womanhood’ and ‘femininity’. We then discuss, using both secondary sources and our own analysis of news coverage of Double Eleven, why maintaining a high level of consumer demand is of crucial importance for the Chinese state and what the state’s role has been in configuring the hegemonic gender order. A brief section on ideology and discourse lays out the conceptual framework of our analysis. It is at the intersection of a dissipating socialist ethos, emerging economic stagnation and ascending consumerism that the sexist discourse in relation to Double Eleven proliferates, and this is the analytical focus of our empirical section. We elaborate on the theoretical implications of the empirical analysis before concluding.     

城中村农民社会研究的人类学维度与限度

从人类学的角度来看,城中村的农民、农业、农村社会变迁和包括少数民族在内的大量外来务工人员的文化移植或嵌入,共同构筑了城中村农民社会的文化多样性.人类学独特的理论视角和方法技术,可避免其他学科可能出现的“文化解释”谬误.文章分析了社会情境影响下的中国人类学发展状况和人类学参与城中村农民社会研究的学科优势,从都市人类学、工商人类学、经济人类学、教育人类学、医学人类学、宗教人类学、历史人类学、旅游人类学等8个分支学科讨论了人类学的研究维度,也讨论了人类学参与研究中存在超域性、局部性和相对性限度,揭示了人类学参与城中村农民社会研究的重要意义.     

德国刑法学中法益理论的历史发展及现状述评

法益概念在德国刑法学中有着独特的重要地位.一方面,理论界尽管对其内涵和功能理解不一、聚讼纷纭,但主流观点一直肯定,刑法的任务是保护法益,以法益为基础的犯罪的实质概念能够限制刑事立法.而另一方面,德国刑事立法和司法界对于法益概念的批判立法功能一直心存怀疑.法益论的发展历史和最新发展告诉我们,法益理论的历史精神体现在它对自由主义的坚守,是不屈从于国家权威和国家家长主义的独立判断和坚持.合比例原则与自治原则是对法益理论的有益补充.