中英“香港问题”和香港回归的起步

香港被英国掠走之后,中国人就开始了让香港回归祖国的种种努力,但均以失败告终。建国后相当长一个时期,中共中央和中国政府对于香港问题的基本政策是“暂时维持现状不变”、对香港“长期打算、充分利用”。当收复香港的条件渐趋成熟的时候,邓小平“一国两制”解决台湾问题的新思维首先付诸于收复香港之实践。在与英方交涉的过程中,邓小平、中国政府表现出强烈的对于香港的主权意识,终于促成了香港回归的起步。     

College Smoking Policies and Smoking Cessation Programs: Results of a Survey of College Health Center Directors

Abstract

College students' cigarette smoking rose dramatically during the 1990s. Little is known about what colleges do to address the problem. Health center directors at 393 4-year US colleges provided information (response rate: 65.1%) about college policies addressing smoking and the availability of smoking cessation programs. Of the health center directors surveyed, 85% considered students' smoking a problem; yet only 81% of colleges prohibit smoking in all public areas and only 27% ban smoking in all indoor areas, including students' rooms in dormitories and in private offices. More than 40% of the respondents reported that their schools did not offer smoking cessation programs and that the demand for existing program was low. Colleges need to do more to discourage student tobacco use. Recommended actions include campus-wide no-smoking policies that apply to student residences and identification of new ways of providing smoking prevention and cessation services.     

How to Inform: Comparing Written and Video Education Interventions to Increase Human Papillomavirus Knowledge and Vaccination Intentions in Young Adults

Abstract

Objective: To compare the efficacy of 2 human papillomavirus (HPV) educational interventions on increasing HPV knowledge and vaccination intentions in college students. Participants: Male (n = 60) and female (n = 140) undergraduates (M _age = 20.4, SD = 2.3) recruited from a university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from October 2009 to March 2010. Methods: Using theory-based interventions, participants were randomly assigned to either a written HPV pamphlet, an HPV video, or a control. HPV knowledge and vaccination intentions were assessed pre and postintervention. Results: Low baseline knowledge and intentions were found across groups. Postintervention, participants in the written and video interventions had significantly higher knowledge and intentions than the control. No differences were found between written and video interventions on knowledge or intentions. Conclusion: This study, a first in comparing HPV educational formats, suggests that both written and video interventions are equally effective in educating about HPV and increasing young adults’ vaccination intentions.     

No Fear,Just Relax and Play: Social Anxiety,Alcohol Expectancies,and Drinking Games Among College Students

Abstract

Objective: The authors examined the association between social anxiety and drinking game (DG) involvement as well as the moderating role of social anxiety–relevant alcohol outcome expectancies (AOE) in social anxiety and DG involvement among college students. Participants: Participants were 715 students (74.8% women, M _age = 19.46, SD = 1.22) from 8 US colleges. Methods: Data were collected via self-report survey from Fall 2005 to Spring 2007. Results: Tension Reduction and Liquid Courage AOE moderated the association between social anxiety and DG participation. Tension Reduction AOE and DG participation were positively related among those with high social anxiety, but were associated negatively for those with low social anxiety. Liquid Courage AOE were associated with increased DG participation for those with low social anxiety, but not for those with high social anxiety. Conclusions: Findings suggest that social anxiety acts as a protective or a risk factor for DG participation among college students, depending upon AOE.     

深圳近期行政体制改革的几点启示

重点分析了党内改革的罢免机制、司法改革、促进社会自治和人民政协参政议政的改革问题。深圳改革,是作为综合体制改革试点的再次出发,按照林德布洛姆的指引,采取渐进式改革方式。采取比较和实证分析相结合的方法,运用政治学、法学等学科的基本理论知识,利用所掌握的资料,对深圳行政体制改革进行了系统的思考。     

论非法证据的效力及建立排除规则的构想

非法证据是刑事诉讼法证据制度中较为复杂的问题之一,也是刑事诉讼程序中诉讼价值最易发生冲突的问题.各国相关立法和理论不尽一致,我国立法上对非法取证行为持否定态度,但对非法证据的效力尚无明确规定.应完善相关法律,建立非法证据排除规则.     

知识性文化遗产——泰国非物质文化遗产保护的经验与启示

联合国教科文组织《保护非物质文化遗产公约》颁布后,非物质文化遗产的保护传承开始受到世界各国的重视。日本的"无形文化遗产"和韩国的"人间珍宝"给非遗的保护工作带来新的理念。中国用"非物质文化遗产"的概念取代了国内原本的"民族民间文化"的概念。与我国西南部接壤的泰国,在保护非物质文化遗产工作中,提出了"知识性文化遗产"这一新的概念,并将之划分为七个领域。本文以泰国文化遗产保护为例,对比日韩的保护经验,以期对我国非物质文化遗产的保护工作提供借鉴作用。     

Heavy Drinking on College Campuses: No Reason to Change Minimum Legal Drinking Age of 21

Abstract

The recent Amethyst Initiative argues that a minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) of 21 has created a culture of heavy alcohol use on college campuses by making drinking clandestine and extreme. This group and others argue that lowering the MLDA will reduce the problem of “binge drinking” on college campuses. However, such a policy change would remove one of the most researched and supported policies in the nation's alcohol control arsenal. There is little evidence that other interventions or policies are capable of working on the same broad level as MLDA 21, and there could also be a deleterious ripple effect in related legislation because MLDA 21 works in conjunction with other drinking laws. In addition, historic and international experiences with a lowered MLDA indicate there are serious social and public health consequences. Instead of removing efficacious interventions, we must remain committed to implementing and enforcing evidence-based practices and legislation.     

A Meta-analysis of Gender Differences in Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to examine gender differences in attitudes toward professional psychological help–seeking behavior and how gender differences could be affected by other cultural factor such as race. Participants: The authors selected studies that involved undergraduate and graduate students as samples, making the total number of participants in this meta-analysis 5,713. Methods: Statistical procedures were administrated by the MIX (Meta-analysis with Interactive eXplanations) program, which does meta-analyses. Results and Conclusions: The results indicated that gender itself was a significant predictor on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. In addition, individual's cultural background (eg, Western versus non-Western ethnicity) moderated the gender differences on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. Practical implications for mental health professionals in college settings were discussed.     

An Overview of Elder Abuse and Neglect in Australia

ABSTRACT

Only relatively recently has the issue of elder abuse come to prominence in Australia. Until the late 1980s it was a hidden problem with little knowledge of its presence. Attention was drawn to elder abuse after the publication of a number of reports and research projects, allowing the development of responses at national and state levels. This paper gives an overview of the development of elder abuse as a social, legal and medical issue in Australia, and describes the diverse range of responses from the national, state and territory governments.