博士研究生创新能力培养模式的研究

博士研究生教育是国家最高学历教育,直接关系着“人才强国”战略的实施。为提高博士研究生教育培养质量,反思了多年培养实践,提出了创新思维与创新能力的培养模式。模式是由思想品德、业务理论、实践能力三个方面组成。通过本模式的方式方法教育培养博士研究生可能达到提高质量之目的。     

科技期刊的信息工作

阐述了信息工作在科技期刊办刊实践中的地位,归纳出信息工作的内容,即作者信息、读者市场信息、审稿人信息、报道领域的动态信息,以及学术出版业内信息等,并指出科技期刊应通过日常工作、学术会议、互联网络等渠道发布和收集信息。     

内陆外向型城市建设的障碍因素集层次结构分析模型

本文以西安内陆外向型城市建设为例，运用系统工程的基本思想、网络理论及综合评价技术，构建了内陆外向型城市建设的障碍因素集层次结构分析模型，找到了西安内陆外向型城市建设的主要和次要障碍因素集，提出了在目前和今后较长的一段时间内，西安内陆外向型城市建设的主要任务是大力发展第三产业。本模型方法对其它地区的内陆外向型城市建设及复杂的社会经济系统障碍因素定量分析研究也有较好的参考价值     

儿童青少年中华民族共同体意识的培育——基于家校共育的视角

铸牢儿童青少年的中华民族共同体意识,是培养爱党爱国的社会主义事业建设者和接班人的一项根基性工程。儿童青少年的民族认同是基于生理基础并超越基因遗传,在家庭养育关系和社会、政治、文化环境共同作用下而建构起来的复合观念。基于对个体民族认同发展的过程、内容及与社会环境互动特征的分析,文章提出家庭是人价值观的生发之源,家庭教育是促进儿童青少年建构民族国家认同的关键力量来源。家校共育要拓宽培育的目标对象和时空范围,加强家庭文化与学校文化之间的连续性和共同性,建构协同共育的生态安全网,创造儿童青少年中华民族共同体意识培育的最佳效果。     

Efficient Estimation of a Distribution Function under Quadrant Dependence

LetX₁,X₂, ..., be real-valued random variables forming a strictly stationary sequence, and satisfying the basic requirement of being either pairwise positively quadrant dependent or pairwise negatively quadrant dependent. LetF^ be the marginal distribution function of theX_ips, which is estimated by the empirical distribution functionF_n and also by a smooth kernel-type estimateF_n, by means of the segmentX₁, ...,X_n. These estimates are compared on the basis of their mean squared errors (MSE). The main results of this paper are the following. Under certain regularity conditions, the optimal bandwidth (in the MSE sense) is determined, and is found to be the same as that in the independent identically distributed case. It is also shown thatn MSE(F_n(t)) andnMSE (F^_n(t)) tend to the same constant, asn→∞ so that one can not discriminate be tween the two estimates on the basis of the MSE. Next, ifi(n) = min {k∈{1, 2, ...}; MSE (F_k(t)) ≤ MSE (F_n(t))}, then it is proved thati(n)/n tends to 1, asn→∞. Thus, once again, one can not choose one estimate over the other in terms of their asymptotic relative efficiency. If, however, the squared bias ofF^_n(t) tends to 0 sufficiently fast, or equivalently, the bandwidthh_n satisfies the requirement thatnh³_n→ 0, asn→∞, it is shown that, for a suitable choice of the kernel, (i(n) ?n)/(nh_n) tends to a positive number, asn→∞ It follows that the deficiency ofF_n(t) with respect toF^_n(t),i(n) ?n, is substantial, and, actually, tends to ∞, asn→∞. In terms of deficiency, the smooth estimateF^_n(t) is preferable to the empirical distribution functionF_n(t)     

中国西部开发与美国西部开发的对比研究

通过对美国西部开发和中国西部开发的对比及借鉴美国西部的经济开发策略,对中国西部的经济发展提出了采取“梯度转移”与有条件的“增长极核发展”相结合的经济发展战略模式的建议。     

A gold key to initiate a new situation in family planning work]

Because of the popularization of a responsible agricultural production system, the livilihood of peasants has been improving greatly, while the demands and needs of the general public are also increasing at the same time. Still under the influence of the traditional belief of carrying on one's family line and emphasis on having male children, married people prefer to have more childre, and the birth rate is now rising again. In order to solve this new problem, we need to teach the peasants national policies on population, land utilization, and food supply. In order to initiate a new situation in family planning work, we need to control this "gold key" of ideological education and propaganda. The emphasis should be placed on ideological education for cadres at all levels as well as the general public in order that they may understand the Party's strategy. Education on the national strategy should be combined with material interests of the peasants, and reward and punishment in production should also be linked up with that of family planning. Social measures are needed to reduce economic burdens of the peasants, offer better treatment for single-child households, and provide adequate care for old and retired people. Family planning projects should be consolidated and improved. Scientific management, facilities and techniques for birth control, compensation for working personnel in family planning, and other practical problems deserve immediate attention and solution.     

Energy conservation through resource-aware movement in heterogeneous mobile ad hoc networks

Energy conservation in mobile ad hoc networks is of paramount importance because most mobile nodes usually have very limited energy supply. Previous research on this issue focused on the design at the network or MAC or physical layer. In this paper, we study this problem from the new perspective of node mobility, i.e., analyzing the impact of node movement on energy conservation. In particular, armed with the inherent resource heterogeneity in mobile ad hoc networks, we propose a novel resource-aware movement strategy to make better use of some powerful nodes to achieve energy conservation. We also formulate the resource-aware movement as a NP-complete distance-constrained least-cost (DCLC) routing problem and propose an efficient heuristic solution. Extensive simulations have been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.     

铝钢异种金属CMT焊接变形研究

针对目前使用冷金属过度焊（CMT）对铝钢异种金属薄板进行焊接时,存在焊接质量差,焊接热变形及使用性能低等缺点,对薄板件焊接过程采用SYSWELD软件进行模拟。通过不同的试验参数进行组合,得出金属薄板在X,Y以及整体方向上的焊接变形量,分析不同焊接参数对焊接热变形的影响规律。结果表明：在达到焊接要求的前提下,应尽量减少焊接时间和焊接电流;在一定焊接电压范围内,焊接电压越大,相同时间内焊接变形量就越大,Y方向焊接变形值约为X方向的1.5倍;为了避免焊接变形量过大,宜选用相对较大的焊接速度。     

晚清民初苏籍译家群的生发及地域文化缘由

晚清民初在西方文化与科学的译介和传播方面,苏籍译家作出了重要贡献.他们具有家国天下的胸怀,为拯救民族危难、改善社会民生、启迪民智寻找良方.他们立志翻译事业,译笔间传达出对民族兴衰成败的使命感.基于史料的爬梳与总结,聚焦晚清民初时期典型的苏籍译家的译事、译著,审视他们的翻译贡献,并从地域人文传统的视角进一步窥探苏籍译家群生发的地域缘由.