建设服务型政府,实现公共服务提供主体多元化

服务型政府将满足公民需求作为最高工作目标,不仅要求强化社会管理和公共服务职能,更需要通过体制机制创新来促进公共服务的有效供给。其中,公共服务的供给机制有效与否是政府不同层级和不同部门都要面对的普遍性问题。针对公共服务的混合性和复杂性,以及我国在公共服务提供方面的问题,参考发达国家的政府改革经验,我国应培育多元化的公共服务供给主体,通过将分散、异质性的服务需求与非规模化的服务供给对接来间接满足服务需求。多元化供给机制有利于发挥行政机制、市场机制和社会机制的各自优势,并实现三者的有机结合,从而有利于整合各种社会资源,满足公民的异质性公共服务需求。     

把握政策契机,借鉴国外经验,加快推进上海体育产业发展

体育产业是以体育活动为中心而开展的一系列相关经济活动的总称,通常包括竞赛表演、健身休闲、体育中介、体育用品制造与销售、体育建筑等业态。未来我国体育产品和服务消费需求将日益增长,体育产业发展空间巨大。上海应抓住政策机遇,高度重视体育产业的重要作用,借鉴国内外先进做法和经验,推动体育产业成为国民经济重要产业。     

Revisiting the gap between stylized and diary estimates of market work time

Previous studies find that workers of longer work weeks report more market hours in stylized measure than in time diary, while those of shorter work weeks report fewer hours. Using data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) 2003-2007, this paper attempts to explain this dilemma. I argue that market work time is composed of activity time, committed time, and constrained time. Thus, part of the difference found between the two estimates is due to the calculation of the diary estimate. I also argue that the wording of the stylized question is consequential. Some stylized questions (e.g., How many hours per week do you usually work?) might capture the mode, instead of the mean, of work time. Thus, when the distribution of work time is skewed, the mismatch between the two estimates is expected. A sequence-based identification for diary estimate and a non-parametric adjustment for stylized estimate are proposed and empirically examined. The result indicates that both methods significantly reduce the observed gap between the two estimates. I discuss the implications for future time use survey design in the concluding section.     

中德侵权责任法一般条款比较

从一般条款的争论着手,对比中德侵权法一般条款的立法模式、所保护权益范围、侵权责任的过错和违法性要件,可知中国侵权法所设立的大小搭配的一般条款模式所保护的民事权益过于宽泛,限制了人们的自由发展,故在法律使用上应借鉴德国的模式作目的性限缩。在侵权责任的构成要件上也可借鉴德国的规定。     

Interactions between task repetition and psychosocial factors

Psychosocial factors, individual factors, workplace requirements, and workplace organizational factors have all been reported as being associated with the risk of musculoskeletal disorders [11]. Huang, Feuerstein, and Sauter [5] described the various concepts and models proposed to link occupational stress and work-related upper extremity disorders, as well as the difficulty in verifying the suggested linkages. Huang et al. [5] suggested that decomposing a complex model would be an appropriate method to begin the investigations of the proposed models. Task repetition is a workplace requirement that is considered a potential risk factor for cumulative trauma and its relationship to psychosocial factors was investigated. The study found only weak to no statistically significant relationship between task repetition and reported psychosocial factors of job stress in workers in Taiwan.     

职业本位与以人为本对比研究

职业教育是以人为本还是以职业为本,是关于职业教育价值观的讨论。这种价值观,决定了职业教育的目的及其本真追求。正是基于此,探讨两种观念下的不同教育才有意义有价值,才能给现代职业教育发展提供借鉴。     

古镇旅游资源开发的总体设计思路——以胜芳古镇旅游资源开发为例

以胜芳古镇旅游资源开发为例,通过对古镇旅游资源的分析评价、SWOT分析、古镇旅游发展目标与战略等问题的分析,扼要阐释了古镇旅游资源开发的总体设计思路。     

Stressors beget stressors: The effect of passive leadership on employee health through workload and work–family conflict

The current study examined passive leadership as a potential antecedent of two commonly studied workplace stressors (i.e. workload and work–family conflict), and investigated its negative effect on employee burnout and physical symptoms via these stressors. We collected two waves of data from 274 focal participants, and one wave of data from their co-workers. Results showed that both self-reported and co-worker-reported passive leadership was positively related to employee burnout and physical symptoms, as well as workload and work–family conflict. Additionally, workload and work–family conflict partially mediated the effects of passive leadership on burnout and physical symptoms, respectively. Our findings support the notion that passive leadership can create a stressful workplace and have a detrimental effect on employees’ health.     

农村家庭多维贫困测度与分析

多维贫困理论与方法更有助于对贫困的精准识别和量化.本文构建了新型多维贫困指标体系,利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,引人人工神经网络方法,测度并分解了农村家庭多维贫困的广度、深度和强度水平.研究结论表明:随着贫困维度的增加,多维贫困的广度、深度和强度指数下降,表明农村家庭不易发生多维极端贫困;农村家庭多维贫困指数(MPI)呈西高东低态势,表明农村家庭多维贫困具有典型的区域分布特征.此外,多维贫困指数分解结果显示,收入、金融和教育等因素是我国农村家庭致贫的主因.其中,东部地区金融因素影响最大,而中西部地区则为收入因素.研究结论为贫困的识别和精准扶贫提供了政策依据.