A quadratic time exact algorithm for continuous connected 2-facility location problem in trees

This paper studies the continuous connected 2-facility location problem (CC2FLP) in trees. Let \(T = (V, E, c, d, \ell , \mu )\) be an undirected rooted tree, where each node \(v \in V\) has a weight \(d(v) \ge 0\) denoting the demand amount of v as well as a weight \(\ell (v) \ge 0\) denoting the cost of opening a facility at v, and each edge \(e \in E\) has a weight \(c(e) \ge 0\) denoting the cost on e and is associated with a function \(\mu (e,t) \ge 0\) denoting the cost of opening a facility at a point x(e, t) on e where t is a continuous variable on e. Given a subset \(\mathcal {D} \subseteq V\) of clients, and a subset \(\mathcal {F} \subseteq \mathcal {P}(T)\) of continuum points admitting facilities where \(\mathcal {P}(T)\) is the set of all the points on edges of T, when two facilities are installed at a pair of continuum points \(x_1\) and \(x_2\) in \(\mathcal {F}\), the total cost involved in CC2FLP includes three parts: the cost of opening two facilities at \(x_1\) and \(x_2\), K times the cost of connecting \(x_1\) and \(x_2\), and the cost of all the clients in \(\mathcal {D}\) connecting to some facility. The objective is to open two facilities at a pair of continuum points in \(\mathcal {F}\) to minimize the total cost, for a given input parameter \(K \ge 1\). This paper focuses on the case of \(\mathcal {D} = V\) and \(\mathcal {F} = \mathcal {P}(T)\). We first study the discrete version of CC2FLP, named the discrete connected 2-facility location problem (DC2FLP), where two facilities are restricted to the nodes of T, and devise a quadratic time edge-splitting algorithm for DC2FLP. Furthermore, we prove that CC2FLP is almost equivalent to DC2FLP in trees, and develop a quadratic time exact algorithm based on the edge-splitting algorithm. Finally, we adapt our algorithms to the general case of \(\mathcal {D} \subseteq V\) and \(\mathcal {F} \subseteq \mathcal {P}(T)\).     

Entrepreneurial Motivations and Capabilities of Migrant Entrepreneurs in Australia

This article presents findings on immigrant entrepreneurship in Australia. The relationship between the entrepreneurial start‐up motivation, co‐ethnic preferences and entrepreneurial capabilities of established immigrant businesses are explored. We analyse data collected with a self‐administered survey questionnaire from 157 immigrant entrepreneurs in Melbourne's suburbs. Our findings show that immigrant entrepreneurs who report a high level of individual achievement as their start‐up motivation also report high levels of entrepreneurial capabilities in terms of opportunity recognition, managerial innovativeness and proactiveness. Immigrant entrepreneurs who are highly influenced by co‐ethnic preferences on staff employment and customer targeting report higher opportunity recognition than those who have a co‐ethnic preference on suppliers. We provide important insights and explanations for these findings and their implications for Australian immigrant entrepreneurs and policymakers.     

构建和谐中原视野下的制度化信访及其完善路径研究

河南是全国第一人口大省和重要的经济大省,目前处于经济社会加速转型和工业化、城镇化加速推进的关键时期,一些深层次矛盾和问题日益显现,特别是在全球金融危机的背景下,维护社会稳定的任务十分艰巨.从构建和谐中原的战略高度入手,应深入透视非制度化信访现象,对制度化信访的制度、法治、司法、文化、组织和机制保障进行探讨.     

“污名化”的流动人口问题

对于流动人口存在着不少"污名化"的现象,认为流动群体是问题群体,如违法犯罪率较高、计划生育超生,等等.如果分析仅停留在一些粗指标的比较上,那将掩盖问题的实质.从"人口统计事实"出发,以动态的结构视角解读统计数据,就会发现这些数据的误导性和欺骗性.对流动人口的"偏见"、"污名化"等现象在一定程度上阻碍了人口城市化的进程,更阻碍了农民工的城市"融合"进程.     

论小学英语师资愉快教育理念的培养

自“快乐教育”的理念提出后,受到了各国教育界的广泛关注,我国也提出了要从应试教育向素质教育转变的发展战略;随着经济的全球化,教育也要面向国际化。教育部规定,把小学开设英语课程作为21世纪基础教育课程改革的重要内容,教师只有对小学生的特征,小学生英语教学的特征和规律有清楚的认识,树立愉快教育的理念,才能保证这一目标的更好实现。     

电视频道专业化的困境与策略

频道专业化是世界电视发展的潮流。我国在电视频道专业化的进程中存在一些问题。在此,从盈利模式、受众细分、频道定位等方面深层次剖析限制我国频道专业化发展的瓶颈,并借鉴国际上成熟的专业化频道的运作经验,有针对性地提出了一系列频道专业化的建设思路和营销策略,以求能对电视业务界有借鉴、指导意义。     

印度古代哲学关于信息、系统、复杂性的思想

概要介绍了印度古代哲学的思想脉络及其主要文献和流派的信息、系统、复杂性思想.其范围包括:印度最古老的文献典籍<梨俱吠陀>、<奥义书>中的相关思想;婆罗门教正统六派哲学(数论派、瑜珈派、胜论派、正理派、弥曼差派、吠檀多派)中的相关思想;"异流三派"(佛教、耆那教、顺世论)和生活派(邪命外道)中的相关思想.通过这些介绍,试图简略地展示出印度古代哲学的博大精深、源远流长、神秘而深刻的特点和性质.     

古印度哲学的信息、系统、复杂性思想的基本特质(上)

古印度哲学中蕴涵着丰富而深刻的信息、系统与复杂性思想,可以归纳为十二个方面的特质:丰富的宇宙及其事物自生性的过程论思想;以大梵为本体的世界整体统一性理论;形形色色的多元实在论的本体论观念;明确的信息自在显现思想;丰富的宇宙、事物的全息思想;深刻的信息认识中介论思想;差异整体论和差异认识论的复杂性观念;和合论中的整体涌现论的复杂性思想;事物自然因、无目的、非决定论的复杂性观念;无常无我论、空论中的变易、无主宰、无主体的复杂性思想;"中道论"中两极兼容、对立互补的复杂性思想;具有直观性、猜测性、神秘性、神学性等缺陷.     

论美国犹太裔作家成功的起因

20世纪六七十年代,美国文坛涌现出大批优秀的犹太裔作家,纷纷摘取诺贝尔文学奖、普利策奖等文学桂冠。犹太裔作家之所以获得令世界文坛瞩目的成就绝非偶然,这一现象的本质是一个从文化认同到文学接受的问题,是一种文化超越的文学效用。美国犹太裔作家的双重文化身份及其与西方社会的文化认同为其成功提供了特殊的文化关系机制;犹太民族的历史境遇、思想情感等方面的"标本"意义和典型特征,以及犹太裔作家对此进行的形而上的升华运用,则是其成功的内在机理。犹太裔作家在文化思想、审美观念、文学技巧等方面突出的整合精神,促使犹太文学在保持一定犹太特质的情形下走向超越。     

关于增强社会主义意识形态吸引力和凝聚力的若干思考

改革开放以来,当代中国意识形态领域的发展态势使我国的社会主义意识形态建设面临着严峻的挑战,迫切需要增强社会主义意识形态的吸引力和凝聚力.对此,应把建设社会主义核心价值体系与增强社会主义意识形态的吸引力和凝聚力有机地统一起来,正确认识坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位和当今文化发展多样性的关系,大力推进马克思主义意识形态理论创新,不断推动当代中国马克思主义大众化,用社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮.