自由与责任:网络空间伦理诉求及其实现策略

习近平在世界互联网大会上的主旨讲话中指出,互联网把世界变成了“鸡犬相闻”的地球村,改变着人们的生产生活,有力推动了社会发展;同时,他又指出,网络空间不是“法外之地”,并明确提出了加强网络空间治理、规范网络空间行为等要求.网络的虚拟性、开放性和交互性,既给人们提供了自由的空间和舞台,又对人们的道德要求和责任担当提出了更高的要求.行为主体网络信息的自由表达有其必要的边界和限度,网络行为中的责任担当对规范网络空间和现实社会的有序发展存在着积极的应然价值,自由与责任构建了网络空间最基本的伦理诉求.     

Gender differences in the experience of loneliness in U.S. Chinese older adults

This study aimed to explore the gender differences in the experiences of loneliness in the U.S. Chinese older population. The data were drawn from the PINE study, a population-based study of U.S. Chinese adults aged 60 years and older. The Revised–University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (R-UCLA) was used to measure loneliness. Overall, older Chinese women (28.3%) had a higher rate of loneliness than older men (23.3%, p < .001). In particular, women were more likely to sometimes or often experience a lack of companionship than men (22.9% vs. 17.3%, p < .001). Older women living with fewer people, with lower health status, poorer quality of life, and worsening health changes over the past year were more likely than men to experience any loneliness. This study indicates that gender differences exist in the prevalence, symptoms, and correlates of loneliness. Longitudinal studies should be undertaken to understand gender differences in risk factors and outcomes of loneliness.     

Objective Bayesian inference for the ratio of the scale parameters of two Weibull distributions

The Weibull distribution is widely used due to its versatility and relative simplicity. In our paper, the non informative priors for the ratio of the scale parameters of two Weibull models are provided. The asymptotic matching of coverage probabilities of Bayesian credible intervals is considered, with the corresponding frequentist coverage probabilities. We developed the various priors for the ratio of two scale parameters using the following matching criteria: quantile matching, matching of distribution function, highest posterior density matching, and inversion of test statistics. One particular prior, which meets all the matching criteria, is found. Next, we derive the reference priors for groups of ordering. We see that all the reference priors satisfy a first-order matching criterion and that the one-at-a-time reference prior is a second-order matching prior. A simulation study is performed and an example given.     

Additive hazards regression of current status data with auxiliary covariates

This paper discusses the regression analysis of current status failure time data arising from the additive hazards model with auxiliary covariates. As often occurs in practice, it is impossible or impractical to measure the exact magnitude of covariates for all subjects in a study. To compensate the missing information, some auxiliary covariates are utilized instead. We propose two easy-to-implement procedures for estimation of regression parameters by making use of auxiliary information. The asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are established and extensive numerical studies indicate that both procedures work well in practice.     

鲁国古泮池遗址今何在——基于文献学角度的考察

据《水经注》等古文献记载:鲁泮池、泮台与汉太子钓鱼池、太子钓鱼台同在鲁故城西南部,地理位置相近,但却分属于不同的古建筑群遗址,形状也尽不相同。明中期衍圣公孔弘绪与孔弘泰分别在太子钓鱼池遗址和古泮池遗址上修建有南池别墅(又名南溪)和东庄别墅(又名东池)。明正德、嘉靖年间"移城护庙",新建阙里城东墙恰好从太子钓鱼池和古泮池中间穿过。太子钓鱼池留在了明城内,古泮池则被隔在了明城外。清乾隆年间,在明城内太子钓鱼池遗址上修建"古泮池行宫",乾隆帝"古泮池证疑"将其地定为古泮池。由此古泮池与太子钓鱼池张冠李戴,明城外真正的古泮池遗址再也无人问津。     

试论传媒多元化的政策逻辑

传媒多元化具体落实了媒体服务于民主的使命,已成为西方传媒政策一个无可争议的准则和目标。由于民主概念的多义性以及对传媒、市场等主体角色的不同理解,西方传媒政策在"何谓多元"以及"如何多元"等问题上意见殊异。无论将传媒多元化视为意见的自由市场,还是公共领域,抑或主张自由竞争的市场机制,或者主张积极干预的传媒政策,目前西方传媒多元化政策的设计都主要是基于一种结构/内容区分的逻辑。现行这种以市场为中心、强调结构决定内容的实用主义至上的政策逻辑值得我们省思。     

首都营造与民国政治:南京《首都计划》研究

作为复兴民族和重新建国的象征,国民政府对首都南京的城市建设极为重视,为此专事成立相关机构制订首都发展规划。然而,受政治因素影响,首都规划的制定过程异常复杂。不仅负责首都设计的政府主体发生改变,就连承揽具体规划设计工作的政府机关亦受党国高层权力倾轧影响而发生更迭。在首都计划的最终文本中,国家亦大量植入党化意识形态和民族主义的政治理念。事实证明,国民政府的城市现代化努力,不仅是技术层面的革新,实际上也是封建时代加强统治和区分异己这一古老政治传统的现代延续。     

赛姆勒先生:一个康德主义者

赛姆勒先生是美国小说家和1976年诺贝尔文学奖得主索尔·贝娄的代表性小说《赛姆勒先生的行星》的主人公。借助康德伦理学对贝娄的小说《赛姆勒先生的行星》进行解读,从赛姆勒先生的非公利的善的意志和赛姆勒先生的责任感两个方面进行分析,认为赛姆勒先生是一个康德主义者。     

唐初北陲都护府几则问题辨析

唐代前期,安北、单于都护府有效地管理着铁勒、突厥内附部落,故单于台取名于北方游牧民族牙帐所在,所以迁徙不定。由于铁勒、突厥的杂居、联姻,北陲渐出现了民族融合的趋势,因而,燕然、单于、瀚海都护府的并置就改为由瀚海、云中二都护府分治大漠南北了。北魏以来,人们已混淆了云中、盛乐的名称,到了唐代,这一混淆更甚,于是误将单于大都护府治所比附于云中故城了。     

社会化媒体在档案工作中的应用研究

近年来,社会化媒体的出现给传统档案工作带来了巨大冲击,传统媒介对档案信息的传递已无法满足用户的需求,对档案工作中社会化媒体的应用研究显得至关重要.本文在阐述社会化媒体对档案工作影响的基础上,以英国为参照,对中外社会化媒体时代下的档案工作进行比较,探索我国档案工作新的走向.