参与观察、类型比较和文化变迁的经验基础--评费孝通与利奇之间的理论分歧

本文对费孝通和利奇的理论作了较为详细的对比分析 ,并找出了他们的分歧所在 ,有助于社会人类学学者对我国社会问题的进一步研究     

论民族经济学的学科地位与作用

民族经济学于1979年创建,适应了中国多民族国家的国情与社会主义现代化建设需要,具有民族学与经济学的双重学科归属.这门由中国人自己创建的经济学分支学科,在学科理论建设、学术成果积累与专业人才培养方面取得了巨大成就.并通过不可取代的学科地位与鲜明的应用性特征,展现出民族经济学的发展前景.     

元代回回人的宗教制度与伊斯兰教法

本文研究了元代回回社会中的宗教制度和伊斯兰教法。作者认为,元代回回社会中存在着官方认可的管理者和更小的民间宗教事务管理者两套系统。伊斯兰教法约束了回回人的行为规范,并且对元代多元法律文化的形成产生了影响。在多元文化的发展过程中,“回回法”同“汉法”及“蒙古法”有一个冲突和融合的过程。     

Implementing Monte Carlo tests with p-value buckets

Software packages usually report the results of statistical tests using p-values. Users often interpret these values by comparing them with standard thresholds, for example, 0.1, 1, and 5%, which is sometimes reinforced by a star rating (***, **, and *, respectively). We consider an arbitrary statistical test whose p-value p is not available explicitly, but can be approximated by Monte Carlo samples, for example, by bootstrap or permutation tests. The standard implementation of such tests usually draws a fixed number of samples to approximate p. However, the probability that the exact and the approximated p-value lie on different sides of a threshold (the resampling risk) can be high, particularly for p-values close to a threshold. We present a method to overcome this. We consider a finite set of user-specified intervals that cover [0, 1] and that can be overlapping. We call these p-value buckets. We present algorithms that, with arbitrarily high probability, return a p-value bucket containing p. We prove that for both a bounded resampling risk and a finite runtime, overlapping buckets need to be employed, and that our methods both bound the resampling risk and guarantee a finite runtime for such overlapping buckets. To interpret decisions with overlapping buckets, we propose an extension of the star rating system. We demonstrate that our methods are suitable for use in standard software, including for low p-value thresholds occurring in multiple testing settings, and that they can be computationally more efficient than standard implementations.     

社会学视野中青少年越轨现象的整合研究

将"青少年是否实施越轨行为"看作一个"因变量",通过对越轨社会学的七大理论取向进行分析和评估,从中提取符合中国社会情境、可以解释中国青少年越轨现象即对本文设定的"因变量"产生作用的12个"自变量".在提取"自变量"的基础上,进行理论整合,建立了一个可以分析我国青少年越轨现象的整合性理论模型,并根据整合后的理论,对预防和解决中国青少年越轨现象提出了系统性的建议.     

Bayesian t-tests for correlations and partial correlations

In this paper, we develop Bayes factor based testing procedures for the presence of a correlation or a partial correlation. The proposed Bayesian tests are obtained by restricting the class of the alternative hypotheses to maximize the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the Bayes factor is larger than a specified threshold. It turns out that they depend simply on the frequentist t-statistics with the associated critical values and can thus be easily calculated by using a spreadsheet in Excel and in fact by just adding one more step after one has performed the frequentist correlation tests. In addition, they are able to yield an identical decision with the frequentist paradigm, provided that the evidence threshold of the Bayesian tests is determined by the significance level of the frequentist paradigm. We illustrate the performance of the proposed procedures through simulated and real-data examples.     

校园环境设计的实施策略--以广州市真光中学为例

环境设计的实质是反映人们的生活方式和审美追求,也是社会文化的创造。优美和谐的校园环境是一所学校良好的校团文化和精神文明的一个重要标志。校园环境设计必须从学校的文化背景入手,对学校进行全方位考察,并且让师生共同参与。让文化弥散到每一个角落且突出个性,以强化校园环境的整体风格。     

儿童如何参与研究：基于照片引谈法的解读

照片引谈法是一种基于艺术的研究方法。用于儿童研究能为儿童赋权增能,支持儿童借助视觉表达自身的真实生活样态,进行自我的知识建构,也能获取更多、有更好信度与效度的研究数据。儿童研究中的照片引谈法程序包括确定研究主题和目标、邀请儿童参与、选择摄影工具、明确拍摄要求、整理照片、正式引谈、分析资料形成结论七个步骤,对儿童与成人的权力反思贯穿于全过程。未来使儿童成为积极的研究参与者需要关注方法论层面的思考,增强对研究伦理的观照,融合多学科领域的理念和方法,增强包容性。     

Life Satisfaction of Rural Migrant Workers in Urban China: The Roles of Community Service Participation and Identity Integration

Abstract

China is home to approximately 245 million rural-to-urban migrant workers. The influx of migrants into urban areas has posed various challenges for local social service systems. Recently, increasing number of community services have been developed to meet the growing service demands from the migrant population. However, whether increase in community service use results in improved wellbeing among migrant workers remains critically unexplored. As such, this study examines the role of community service use in migrant workers’ life satisfaction and the potential mediating effect of identity integration in Shenzhen, China. Bootstrapped models were adopted to examine relationship among variables. Drawing from a sample of 1,087 rural-to-urban migrant workers, we found that community service use is positively correlated with both identity integration and migrant workers’ life satisfaction. Moreover, identity integration served as a partial mediator between community service use and life satisfaction. The mediating effect of identity integration was found to increase with age. This study highlights that diverse services should be implemented to address divergent needs of migrants in different age groups. Community service can also serve as a vehicle to foster integration among migrant workers in host communities, especially for older age groups. Future studies may further investigate the relationships between community social capital, community social support, quality of community-based organization and frequency of service use so as to optimize the life satisfaction of migrant workers.     

凝固型大米风味酸奶的研制

用大米蛋白或大米蛋白水解物部分替代牛乳粉生产大米风味酸奶,以谷糠乳杆菌和乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种为发酵菌种,以酸度和感官为评价指标,通过大米蛋白及其水解物添加量、大米蛋白水解度、乳糖补加及蔗糖添加研究对大米风味酸奶酸度和感官的影响。结果表明,大米风味酸奶的酸度和感官评分随大米蛋白添加量的增加而降低。产品酸度随大米蛋白水解度增加而增大,大米蛋白水解度为7.5%时感官得分最高;产品酸度和感官评分随大米水解物添加量增加而降低,大米蛋白水解物添加量在40%以下时,均可生产出合格的大米风味酸奶。补加乳糖对产品酸度和感官无显著影响。添加蔗糖对产品酸度无显著影响,但对产品感官影响显著,蔗糖添加量在4~6%时,大米风味酸奶的感官得分最高,表现为色泽均匀,质地较细腻,未见乳清析出,凝乳稳定,口感较细腻柔滑,酸甜度适中,米香风味浓郁。