个人抑或社会本位立法?--有限合伙及创业投资法抉择探索

为改善我国创业投资发展的法律环境,在立法上似可借鉴国外法律,承认有限合伙.有限合伙多被认为是创业投资的最佳组织模式.然适用于创业投资企业的有限合伙,与普通民商事主体的有限合伙在制度、规范、要求上差异很大,其本位取向不尽相同.     

浅析金融系统保卫工作的防控现状及对策

当前 ,抢劫银行、运钞车案件有上升趋势 ,而我省金融保卫工作现状却不容乐观 ,如何提高防范意识、强化规范性是金融系统保卫工作亟待解决的问题。     

我国物流外包战略的实施障碍

物流外包战略既适应了经济形势的要求又可以给企业带来经济利益,但我国企业采用的比例不高,直接原因在于企业不愿意作出物流外包决策,这是由观念原因、决策标准原因、经营方式原因和市场环境原因共同作用的结果。     

Estimation of general semi-parametric quantile regression

Quantile regression introduced by Koenker and Bassett (1978) produces a comprehensive picture of a response variable on predictors. In this paper, we propose a general semi-parametric model of which part of predictors are presented with a single-index, to model the relationship of conditional quantiles of the response on predictors. Special cases are single-index models, partially linear single-index models and varying coefficient single-index models. We propose the qOPG, a quantile regression version of outer-product gradient estimation method (OPG, Xia et al., 2002) to estimate the single-index. Large-sample properties, simulation results and a real-data analysis are provided to examine the performance of the qOPG.     

Bayesian Estimation of the Number of Change Points in Simple Linear Regression Models

A Bayesian approach is considered to detect the number of change points in simple linear regression models. A normal-gamma empirical prior for the regression parameters based on maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) is employed in the analysis. Under mild conditions, consistency for the number of change points and boundedness between the estimated location and the true location of the change points are established. The Bayesian approach to the detection of the number of change points is suitable whether the switching simple regression is continuous or discontinuous. Some simulation results are given to confirm the accuracy of the proposed estimator.     

Adaptive optimal scaling of Metropolis–Hastings algorithms using the Robbins–Monro process

ABSTRACT

We present an adaptive method for the automatic scaling of random-walk Metropolis–Hastings algorithms, which quickly and robustly identifies the scaling factor that yields a specified overall sampler acceptance probability. Our method relies on the use of the Robbins–Monro search process, whose performance is determined by an unknown steplength constant. Based on theoretical considerations we give a simple estimator of this constant for Gaussian proposal distributions. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated with both simulated and real data examples.     

Undercoverage of Wavelet-Based Resampling Confidence Intervals

The decorrelating property of the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) appears valuable because one can avoid estimating the correlation structure in the original data space by bootstrap resampling of the DWT. Several authors have shown that the wavestrap approximately retains the correlation structure of observations. However, simply retaining the same correlation structure of original observations does not guarantee enough variation for regression parameter estimators. Our simulation studies show that these wavestraps yield undercoverage of parameters for a simple linear regression for time series data of the type that arise in functional MRI experiments. It is disappointing that the wavestrap does not even provide valid resamples for both white noise sequences and fractional Brownian noise sequences. Thus, the wavestrap method is not completely valid in obtaining resamples related to linear regression analysis and should be used with caution for hypothesis testing as well. The reasons for these undercoverages are also discussed. A parametric bootstrap resampling in the wavelet domain is introduced to offer insight into these previously undiscovered defects in wavestrapping.     

“阮公”与“惠孙”：陶渊明《咏贫士》诗未明人物考实

通过考证,陶渊明<咏贫士>中的"阮公"为阮修,"惠孙"为孙钟."阮公"其人之郁而不明,是由于相关史料的残缺,而"惠孙"其人之难窥真面,则由于陶渊明有意采取了一种隐晦的指称方式,它既与纬书的影响有关,也由陶渊明父、母两系先人与孙吴政权的特殊关系所决定.     

一生只唱一次——《荆棘鸟》爱情意蕴解读

澳大利亚女作家考琳·麦卡洛以“荆棘鸟”为她的长篇小说命名,这其中蕴含了作者对于爱情的理解：“最美好的东西只能用深痛巨创来换取。”“荆棘鸟”作为一个文学意象在整部小说的开篇、高潮、结尾三个位置的出现,将这个隐喻贯穿始终,揭示了这部富有魅力的长篇小说的主题：爱和命运。克利里家族三代人中的三个女性,就像那用一生苦苦追求的荆棘鸟一样,用毕生苦苦追求心中的爱情,尽管爱得那样艰难、那样痛苦,但仍爱得忘情、忘我,无怨无悔,终生不渝。     

文化的意义及其三种关系

在汉语和英语世界之中,文化的内涵都具有漫长的历史演变过程,人们可能在多种视野中理解、使用这个概念。由于侧重点不同,出现了文化的多种划分,但这只是视角的差异以及划分的细致程度不同而已。但是．我们至少可以确认文化的以下几个特征：文化常常表现为特定的符号体系,这是人类脱离自然的标志之一;文化表达了一定的意义,包含了一定的价值判断;得到了普遍认可的意义和判断形成了社会规范;在不同的历史时期和地域,这些意义和判断会发生改变,因而文化体现了人们与环境相互适应的方式。在此基础上,文化的功能可以简单地归结为：教育人,培养人,把一个自然人改造成为一个合格的社会成员。文化发展到今天,其教化功能已经极其全面,甚至构成了文化空间,不同的文化空间形成了多样的文化体系,因此,世界的文化是多元的。多元的世界文化要求我们处理好民族文化与外来文化的关系。精英文化与大众文化的关系,人文文化与科学文化的关系。