川东北山前高陡构造地应力精细计算方法

摘 要：川东北地质构造极其复杂，80% 以上都是山前高陡构造。复杂的构造条件给油气资源的勘探开发带来了极大的挑战，特别是对该区地应力大小、方向及展布规律的认识不清，给油气建井带来了很大困难。充分利用测井资料的连续性、经济性和高分辨率等优势，综合运用数理统计方法以及计算机综合成图技术，对该区的岩石力学参数和地应力进行了精细计算与研究，重点建立起适合川东北高陡构造的垂向应力离散分析模型以及水平应力精细求解公式。同时，提出了平均水平应力的概念和取值范围，并针对研究工区实际地质情况进行了深入计算和检验。所取得的成果大幅度提高了对川东北山前高陡构造地应力的计算精度和展布规律的认识     

坚持与创新——中国共产党领导者人口思想演变研究之二

中共中央1962年《关于认真提倡计划生育的指示》文件的发布,明确了党和国家对实行计划生育的赞成态度,回答了社会主义社会是否要进行人口调控的问题。此后,中国共产党的领导者们在马克思主义理论的指导下,结合中国人口发展具体实践,不但坚持了对社会主义社会是否要进行人口调控的回答,并且对在社会主义建设中为什么要进行人口调控和如何进行人口调控进行了创造性地回答。他们通过对这些问题进行思考和回答所形成的人口思想和人口理论,是社会主义人口理论的重要组成部分,是对马克思主义人口理论的补充和丰富,是马克思主义中国化的重大理论成果。     

学术期刊评价对教育科研的影响研究——基于对高等教育学期刊读者的调查

应用调查问卷的实证研究方法,从专业读者的视角研究学术期刊评价对教育科研的影响作用。结果表明,读者对学术期刊评价目的存在认识误区;对学术期刊评价机构、体系、指标等方面的认知水平与评价机构的发展历史、社会声誉正相关与评价指标的复杂性负相关。多数读者认为,学术期刊评价促进了教育科研的开展和学术水平的提升,对评选出的核心期刊或CSSCI来源期刊的影响和作用大多给予正面评价,希望行政管理部门能克服在使用核心期刊、来源期刊进行学术评价时的功利性导向,评价机构在进行学术期刊评价中应引入读者评刊指标,进一步细分学科,分类评价,对新学科、交叉学科给予必要的关注并适当增加核心期刊或来源期刊评价的数量。     

新旧文学的分水岭——寻找被中国现代文学史遗忘和遮蔽了的七年(1912-1919)

对中国现代文学史的断代分期一直存有多种不同的切分法,"1919说"是历时最长,至今仍然在教科书中使用的断代说.在这些切分法当中,恰恰被遗忘的是"1912说"这个不该被忘却的历史节点!无论是从推翻封建王朝和孙中山倡导的民国核心人文理念与价值内涵看,还是从"白话文运动"、通俗文学和"文明戏"的发生与发展看,中国现代文学史的开端都应该始于1911年辛亥革命之后的民国元年1912年.     

A retrospective study of attitudes and triggers towards gambling of prisoners before their incarceration in Australia

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between attitudes towards gambling, triggers for gambling, and the severity of the gambling problem of convicted offenders before their incarceration. Participants were recruited through transitional managers of prisons. There were 96 referrals, of which 66 participants completed the study. Results showed that there was a significant correlation between the Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs Survey (GABS) and the Inventory of Gambling Situations (IGS) and a significant correlation between the IGS and the EIGHT Gambling Screen. However, no significant correlation was found between the EIGHT Gambling Screen and the GABS. The results indicated that attitudes towards and beliefs about gambling did not directly influence the severity of the participants’ gambling problem. Attitudes and beliefs were more closely linked to their triggers for gambling, and these triggers carried more weight in the severity of their gambling problem. These results suggest that problem gamblers need assistance in dealing with their trigger situations for gambling as well as receiving a therapeutic programme to change their attitudes towards and beliefs about gambling.     

A comparison of soil carbon dynamics in residential yards with and without trees

Residential lawns provide chronosequences to examine influences of home age and aboveground tree biomass (ATB) on soil carbon (C) levels. Soil C dynamics were compared between 44 lawns with trees (LwT) and 23 without trees (PL). At the 0–15 cm depth, LwT had higher mean soil C than PL and an earlier rise in median soil C across home age. Nonparametric quantile regression also showed a steeper rise in the 5th, 50th, and 95th soil C quantiles for LwT. Fitted polynomial regression models indicated that home age and ATB together accounted for 40 % of the soil C variation at the 0–15 cm depth [C = 1.34 + 0.05(Age) + 0.0003(ATB)]. At the 15–30 cm depth, the interaction between home age and ATB explained 33 % of the soil C variation [C = 0.78 + 0.0003(Age*ATB)]; at 30–50 cm, ATB was responsible for 20 % [C = 0.56 + 0.0003(ATB)].     

摩托车排放标准的执行困境及修订建议

2007年,我国发布了现行的摩托车排放标准（中国Ⅲ阶段）并开始陆续实施.和原排放标准（中国Ⅱ阶段）比较,现行排放标准的要求更加严格,排放限值大幅度下降,但实施效果并不理想.文章从我国摩托车行业产品特点、销售市场特点、电喷和电控化油器配套企业生产能力、技术能力的研究等方面,分析了摩托车排放标准执行困境产生的原因.并对行业排放标准执行现状、主管部门监督情况等进行了研究,认为排放标准的起草修订工作是解决目前困境的一个良好契机,起草工作应充分考虑行业现状,制定详细的执行方案,标准内容应分步骤、分时段建立相应的目标,逐步提高.     

On power and sample size of the ANOVA-type rank test

When using nonparametric methods to analyze factorial designs with repeated measures, the ANOVA-type rank test has gained popularity due to its robustness and appropriate type I error control. This article proposes power and sample size calculation formulas under two scenarios where the nonparametric regression coefficients are known or they are unknown but a pilot study is available. When a pilot study is available, the formulas do not need any assumption on the underlying population distributions. Simulation results confirm the accuracy of the proposed methods. An STZ rat excisional wound study is used to demonstrate the application of the methods.     

Revisiting Welfare States. Performance in Reducing Poverty through Longitudinal Multinational Comparison

This article presents the results of a comparative study on the effects of social welfare programs in selected developed countries. Using a fully comparable longitudinal data file from nationally representative household surveys, we estimate the poverty rate and poverty gap before and after social welfare transfers and taxes in order to identify the direct effects of social welfare on poverty. In general, the findings reveal that countries with conservative welfare regimes demonstrate higher poverty performance than do countries with liberal welfare regimes. In particular, the United States lagged behind through all periods under investigation, whereas Germany exhibited the highest performance in poverty reduction.     

论洪武时期西南土司朝贡体制的形成

朱元璋击败陈友谅其势力进入西南地区后，大量土司归降。为了处理与土司之间的关系，朱元璋在前代朝贡基础之上，创制了明代特色的朝贡体制，为以后历代皇帝所沿用。各个土司朝贡物品主要为马以及各地的特产，同时故元土司也会向明廷缴纳元代颁发的信物；明廷对朝贡土司的赏赐本着“厚往而薄来”的原则。明廷的措施较妥善地处理好了与西南诸土司的关系。本文通过对洪武时期明廷与西南土司朝贡的具体事宜进行探讨，包括朝贡管理的机构、具体朝贡记录以及朝贡展开的基础，以此解读洪武时期土司朝贡之盛况。