Semi-parametric modelling and likelihood estimation with estimating equations

This paper proposes a semi-parametric modelling and estimating method for analysing censored survival data. The proposed method uses the empirical likelihood function to describe the information in data, and formulates estimating equations to incorporate knowledge of the underlying distribution and regression structure. The method is more flexible than the traditional methods such as the parametric maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), Cox's (1972) proportional hazards model, accelerated life test model, quasi-likelihood (Wedderburn, 1974) and generalized estimating equations (Liang & Zeger, 1986). This paper shows the existence and uniqueness of the proposed semi-parametric maximum likelihood estimates (SMLE) with estimating equations. The method is validated with known cases studied in the literature. Several finite sample simulation and large sample efficiency studies indicate that when the sample size is larger than 100 the SMLE is compatible with the parametric MLE; and in all case studies, the SMLE is about 15% better than the parametric MLE with a mis-specified underlying distribution.     

缪斯的虔诚守护者--论万龙生的诗歌创作

在现代格律诗的创作领域,诗人万龙生进行着孜孜不倦的探索.他怀着对诗神缪斯一颗虔诚的心,真挚地歌唱出对诗歌、对生活、对情感的炽爱与感动,他的诗歌创作为促进中国现代格律诗的发展做出了贡献.     

用反康普顿效应演示光的波粒二象性

本文通过对反康普顿效应的光量子诠释与电磁波诠释的分析比较,找到了光的波粒二象性判据——Eβ》e,从而使光的波粒二象性由定性描述跨入定量阶段.     

结合中国专利申请浅析Fe-Si-B-Cu系软磁合金发展状况

本文对Fe-Si-B-Cu系软磁合金在中国专利申请情况进行了相关统计分析,从专利申请的技术分布、产品种类、主要申请人等方面进行了分析,为该体系软磁合金生产企业提供建议。     

试论高校职业指导的开展与推动

在高等学校开展职业指导工作,有助于大学生了解就业形势和有关人事劳动方面的政策法规、实现他们的求职愿望。引导大学生树立正确的择业和创业观念,增强自身的综合素质和能力,是推动高等学校职业指导工作的重中之重。     

乡村振兴视角下地方高校"助农+"新模式的实践探索

推进农业农村现代化是解决当下农村发展不平衡不充分问题的重要举措,通过地方高校助力农业,让教育、科技、消费、企业、电商等在学校的主导下从多个维度与农业进行了深度融合,形成了特有的"助农+"模式.此举将有利于进一步发展乡村旅游、电子商务等第三产业,是拓宽农民增收渠道、提高乡村科技水平、提升乡村治理效能、推动乡村经济发展的有效途径,对构建相对贫困治理的长效机制、实现乡村振兴具有重要意义,为开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程奠定了良好基础.     

开发区扩张、行政托管与治权调适——以H市经济技术开发区为例

开发区扩张通常是先极化、后扩散,间接突破传统行政区划刚性约束的行政托管就成了调和行政空间与物理空间扩张冲突的无奈选择。基于增长极理论,可以考察H市开发区有序扩张的现实,厘清无序托管中权力、利益与责任的关系,并从结构—功能解释有序扩张背后的治权之乱。托管主体倾向于模糊治权边界以攫取失常利益,表现为托管受体的资源贡献度高而红利补偿少,托管主体的经济高回报与承担的社会低责任,需要从制度规制与明确边界来促进开发区扩张与托管的良性治权,实现价值与手段的有效调试。     

日本投资经验对我国投资实践的启示

建国以来,投资一直是我国经济生活中的重要内容,2008年在世界金融危机冲击下,我国的4万亿投资计划更是担挡起保经济增长的重任,在投资对经济增长产生巨大推动作用的同时,其存在的问题也日益凸显.当前,我国所处的发展阶段与20世纪经济赶超期的日本极其相似--同处于工业化和现代化的加速期,因此,学习和借鉴日本投资管理的成功经验对我国今后的投资管理实践具有重大意义.     

Mixture of measurement errors and their impact on parameter inferences

A mixture measurement error model built upon skew normal distributions and normal distributions is developed to evaluate various impacts of measurement errors to parameter inferences in logistic regressions. Data generated from survey questionnaires are usually error contaminated. We consider two types of errors: person-specific bias and random errors. Person-specific bias is modelled using skew normal distribution, and the distribution of random errors is described by a normal distribution. Intensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the contribution of each component in the mixture to outcomes of interest. The proposed method is then applied to a questionnaire data set generated from a neural tube defect study. Simulation results and real data application indicate that ignoring measurement errors or misspecifying measurement error components can both produce misleading results, especially when measurement errors are actually skew distributed. The inferred parameters can be attenuated or inflated depending on how the measurement error components are specified. We expect the findings will self-explain the importance of adjusting measurement errors and thus benefit future data collection effort.