试论民族地区普通中学多媒体课件制作及管理

运用现代教育技术提高教学效率是民族地区普通中学发展的必由之路。只有正确认识民族地区普通中学教育技术应用的背景,加强对此类教学资源的管理,才能使之更好服务于教学,提高民族地区教学实践活动的效率。     

法律的民族志写作与文化批评——论中国的法律人类学研究

本文针对目前我国对法律人类学的研究还没有形成独立的学科特色和明确研究方向、研究方法这一问题,提出可以以法律的民族志写作为其工具,进行法律的文化批评,用实践化的研究风格树立其独特的交叉学科形象。     

西双版纳傣族宗教生活的世俗化倾向--以嘎洒、勐罕、大勐龙三镇为例

如果对20世纪90年代以来西双版纳傣族的宗教生活做一个总体的回顾,就可以得出这样的结论西双版纳傣族的小乘佛教正处于日益世俗化的进程中.文章以西双版纳三个傣族乡镇的宗教生活为田野调查个案,并对这三个个案进行了比较分析,从中得出西双版纳傣族的宗教生活在不同方面、不同程度上都存在着世俗化的倾向.本文以此为切入点,来探讨社会转型时期西双版纳傣族的文化价值取向.     

Inventory‐Based Dynamic Pricing with Costly Price Adjustment

We study an average‐cost stochastic inventory control problem in which the firm can replenish inventory and adjust the price at anytime. We establish the optimality to change the price from low to high in each replenishment cycle as inventory is depleted. With costly price adjustment, scale economies of inventory replenishment are reflected in the cycle time instead of lot size—An increased fixed ordering cost leads to an extended replenishment cycle but does not necessarily increase the order quantity. A reduced marginal cost of ordering calls for an increased order quantity, as well as speeding up product selling within a cycle. We derive useful properties of the profit function that allows for reducing computational complexity of the problem. For systems requiring short replenishment cycles, the optimal solution can be easily computed by applying these properties. For systems requiring long replenishment cycles, we further consider a relaxed problem that is computational tractable. Under this relaxation, the sum of fixed ordering cost and price adjustment cost is equal to (greater than, less than) the total inventory holding cost within a replenishment cycle when the inventory holding cost is linear (convex, concave) in the stock level. Moreover, under the optimal solution, the time‐average profit is the same across all price segments when the inventory holding cost is accounted properly. Through a numerical study, we demonstrate that inventory‐based dynamic pricing can lead to significant profit improvement compared with static pricing and limited price adjustment can yield a benefit that is close to unlimited price adjustment. To be able to enjoy the benefit of dynamic pricing, however, it is important to appropriately choose inventory levels at which the price is revised.     

非均匀分布下区间数排序可能度计算模型及其应用

区间数排序的可能度计算模型是学术界一直在不断探索的基础性问题之一。区间数刻画着事物属性特征的取值范围,以往学术界都假设在区间内的取值服从均匀分布。本文将均匀分布推广到一般分布,运用概率论的方法,构建了一个新的区间数排序的可能度计算模型,由此修正了以往关于两个区间数全等的定义,提出了区间数形等的概念,同时进一步修正了可能度的自反性条件和区间数的综合排序方法,并将理论应用于多属性决策问题,给出了基本的决策过程,通过实例决策问题的计算,呈现了新理论和新方法的可行性和合理性,具有很好的推广应用价值。     

社会符号学视角下法律翻译对等研究

法律翻译是法律运行机制下的语言转换,面临法律与语言体系的双重制约。对等则是法律翻译的重中之重,这就意味着翻译的主要任务是解决源语与目标语之间的意义分歧。法律是一种符号,而构成该符号的法律语言发挥着特定的功能。这个特定功能是指通过探寻法律符号意义的过程,理解法律对社会产生的影响和效果。基于符号学语义三角提出的翻译语义三角可以为法律翻译中的精确对等提供理论基础。然而现实中法律翻译往往受到话语环境和话语使用群体的制约,通过具体的实证研究,可以得出两个结论：在同一法律体系内,可以通过翻译语义三角实现法律翻译精确对等;借助从社会符号学视角出发的语义参考方案、法定意义与社会意义的区分、语言元功能等策略,可以理解法律翻译的复杂性。     

保罗·莱文森的人性化趋势媒介进化理论

保罗·莱文森的人性化趋势媒介进化理论的内核有三个层面：从媒介进化本身规律看,媒介使用功能越来越符合人类感官愉悦的要求,媒介外形设计越来越符合人性审美需求;从人性化的角度看,媒介必然沿着人类传播要求的方向进化;从媒介与自然关系的传播效果看,媒介必然朝着不断消弥时空障碍的方向进化。同时,该理论分析了媒介进化非人性化的一面：意外的后果。媒介进化人性化趋势实质是一种技术乐观主义,是对人之于媒介主体地位、主观能动性的强调,凸现人类之于媒介的能动需求。     

Subgroup Analysis with Time‐to‐Event Data Under a Logistic‐Cox Mixture Model

Subgroup detection has received increasing attention recently in different fields such as clinical trials, public management and market segmentation analysis. In these fields, people often face time‐to‐event data, which are commonly subject to right censoring. This paper proposes a semiparametric Logistic‐Cox mixture model for subgroup analysis when the interested outcome is event time with right censoring. The proposed method mainly consists of a likelihood ratio‐based testing procedure for testing the existence of subgroups. The expectation–maximization iteration is applied to improve the testing power, and a model‐based bootstrap approach is developed to implement the testing procedure. When there exist subgroups, one can also use the proposed model to estimate the subgroup effect and construct predictive scores for the subgroup membership. The large sample properties of the proposed method are studied. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is assessed by simulation studies. A real data example is also provided for illustration.     

Estimating Abundance from Presence–Absence Maps via a Paired Negative‐Binomial Model

The estimation of abundance from presence–absence data is an intriguing problem in applied statistics. The classical Poisson model makes strong independence and homogeneity assumptions and in practice generally underestimates the true abundance. A controversial ad hoc method based on negative‐binomial counts (Am. Nat.) has been empirically successful but lacks theoretical justification. We first present an alternative estimator of abundance based on a paired negative binomial model that is consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. A quadruple negative binomial extension is also developed, which yields the previous ad hoc approach and resolves the controversy in the literature. We examine the performance of the estimators in a simulation study and estimate the abundance of 44 tree species in a permanent forest plot.