广州泮塘古村与荔湾湖公园的景观有机整合

泮塘古村与荔湾湖公园一墙之隔,自古"湖——村"一体、相伴相融,现却沦为坐以待毙的"城中村"。荔湾湖公园实乃一座园林史迹悠久丰富的历史文化公园,现却"水———陆"比例失调、陆域面积不足,且面临游客容量严重超标的困境。建议将泮塘古村与荔湾湖公园有机整合、综合管理;既能用公园环境有效保护古村落特有的历史文化遗存,又能增扩公园陆地活动空间,使地域性乡土园林景观多样完美。     

Spatial autoregression with repeated measurements for social networks

Spatial autoregressive model (SAR) is found useful to estimate the social autocorrelation in social networks recently. However, the rapid development of information technology enables researchers to collect repeated measurements for a given social network. The SAR model for social networks is designed for cross-sectional data and is thus not feasible. In this article, we propose a new model which is referred to as SAR with random effects (SARRE) for social networks. It could be considered as a natural combination of two types of models, the SAR model for social networks and a particular type of mixed model. To solve the problem of high computational complexity in large social networks, a pseudo-maximum likelihood estimate (PMLE) is proposed. The asymptotic properties of the estimate are established. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method by extensive numerical studies and a real data example.     

男民工与阶层、社会性别、性的主体建构

农民工的“性”问题日益受到社会的关注。本文基于北京地区四个工地136位民工的访谈,以工地男民工“谈小姐”为切入点,将“谈小姐”视为男民工日常生活中的言说实践,以扎根理论的视角来探究“谈话”这种日常活动的建构意义。本文并不停留于男民工对“小姐”形象（谈论的客体）的构建,而是更进一步地探讨：（1）在“谈小姐”的言说实践过程中男民工如何构建出自身的阶层地位、社会性别与性文化;（2）分析阶层、社会性别、性这三者的关系。通过这种主体建构的呈现,本文试图揭示男民工如何寻找自己在这个社会中的定位,以及寻找现实生活中积极的生存策略。     

Effectiveness of Social Welfare Programmes in East Asia: A Case Study of Taiwan

Using the 2008 Family Income and Expenditure Survey, this study examined the effectiveness of social welfare programmes in Taiwan. The empirical evidence shows that most types of social welfare spending were limited in 2008. However, the social welfare programmes that were in place substantially reduced income inequality in Taiwan. Using the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) poverty threshold, the results reveal that 14 per cent of the sample's families were poor in terms of market income, but this figure decreased to 7 per cent after government intervention. Income inequality in Taiwan was similar to that of other East Asian countries such as Japan and South Korea, but Taiwan spent much less money on social welfare programmes than OECD countries, and therefore Taiwan's reduction of poverty was much lower as well.     

生态文明视域下欠发达地区低碳经济发展探析

欠发达地区是区域生态文明建设的难点,当前,国际社会的低碳发展转型趋势为欠发达地区的跨越式发展和生态文明建设带来了新的契机,发展低碳经济成为欠发达地区生态文明建设的突破口。但目前欠发达地区的低碳发展道路仍面临着诸多障碍:对脱贫路径的认识误区带来的观念障碍、后发性导致的选择障碍、创新能力不足构成的技术障碍、财政困难和市场需求惨淡招致的资金障碍、落后技术和低端产业造成的锁定障碍。及早采取措施和行动突破上述障碍,顺应低碳发展的潮流和趋势,走适合区域实际的低碳发展之路,是欠发达地区生态文明建设的有效路径,也是欠发达地区提升竞争力,加快发展和更好发展的有效路径。     

Competency‐based Education: Evidence from Social Work Postgraduates from Five Universities in China

Social work education in China has undergone rapid development during last two decades. However, methods to define, measure, and evaluate social work students' competency remain largely unexplored. In this study, we evaluated competency in graduate social work students in China and examined factors that impacted competency, based on learning theory. Findings indicated that knowledge and skills learned in class, field placement, and social context all have effects on competency. How students think about individual development and the social work profession has the most significant effect. These findings carry implications for social work education in the Chinese context. The rapid development of social work education in China requires the effective measurement and evaluation of students' core competencies.     

考虑技术投资的供应链网络下可交易污染排放许可均衡问题

构建了包含多污染物、多污染接收点的供应链网络,考虑了生产技术和减排技术投资,对可交易的污染排放许可下的供应链网络进行了均衡分析,给出了变分不等式框架,建立了均衡模型。模型明确地处理了空间差异,同时保证了通过初始污染排放许可分配就可达到指定的环境标准。提出了模型的求解算法,最后利用提出的模型及算法对算例进行了计算,得到利润最大化下供应链网络中各工厂的产品生产量、排放量、污染排放许可的均衡分配额和污染排放许可的交易价格、技术最优投资额,并分析了成本函数参数以及工厂数量的变化对生产技术投资和减排技术投资的影响。     

Motivations for self-assembling into project teams

This study investigates the self-assembly mechanisms of ad hoc project teams using a bipartite network perspective. Individuals and projects are modeled as two types of nodes and team membership as relations between them. This approach enables us to investigate factors that impact voluntary team assembly at the individual, dyadic, and team levels simultaneously. Using Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGM/p*), we study players’ combat teams in a Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG) as a case of self-assembled project teams. Empirical results show that individuals are motivated to join ad hoc teams to complete difficult projects but not projects with long durations. We also found that individuals tend to collaborate with specific teammates who have complementary skills, those who have similar age or skill level, and those who are affiliated with the same organizational entity.