Is Parental Attachment Security Contextual? Exploring Context‐Specific Child–Parent Attachment Patterns and Psychological Well‐Being in Taiwanese Youths

Scant research to date has explored the possibility of context‐specific variation in attachment security within a given relationship. In this paper, two cross‐sectional studies were designed (1) to develop and validate context‐specific attachment scales in Traditional‐Chinese and (2) to explore variations in attachment security within a given parental relationship but between the contexts of sport and academics, relating them to global attachment patterns and indicators of psychological well‐being. Results indicated that Taiwanese youth can and do perceive contextual variation within a given parental relationship. However, the relationship between such contextual variation and psychological outcomes was complex. Contextual variation may be a meaningful and useful way to explore and think about within‐parent attachment fluctuation.     

Stable feature screening for ultrahigh dimensional data

This paper is concerned with the stable feature screening for the ultrahigh dimensional data. To deal with the ultrahigh dimensional data problem and screen the important features, a set-averaging measurement is proposed. The model averaging technique and the conditional quantile method are used to construct the weighted set-averaging feature screening procedure to identify the relationships between the possible predictors and the response variable. The proposed screening method is model free, stable and possesses the sure screening property under some regular conditions. Some Monte Carlo simulations and a real data application are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed procedure.     

Estimation of treatment effects for heterogeneous matched‐pairs data with probit models

Estimating the effect of medical treatments on subject responses is one of the crucial problems in medical research. Matched‐pairs designs are commonly implemented in the field of medical research to eliminate confounding and improve efficiency. In this article, new estimators of treatment effects for heterogeneous matched‐pairs data are proposed. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are derived. Simulation studies show that the proposed estimators have some advantages over the famous Heckman's estimator, the conditional maximum likelihood estimator, and the inverse probability weighted estimator. We apply the proposed methodology to a data set from a study of low‐birth‐weight infants.     

The impact of indoor air pollution on health outcomes and cognitive abilities: empirical evidence from China

Population and Environment - This paper investigates the health impact of indoor air pollution caused by household use of solid fuels for heating or cooking among middle-aged and elderly people,...     

Ordering Properties of Systems with Two Dependent Components

The study of systems with dependent components from a reliability point of view is a very important topic. However, the majority of the articles study the case of independent components. In this article, we study how the dependency influences the performance of the system. We extend some comparison results obtained in the case of independent components to the case of two dependent components. We show that the more diverse the exponential parameters of the two components, the stronger (weaker) the parallel (series) system in the stochastic ordering. We apply our general results to some common bivariate models in the reliability theory.     

An Efficiency and Protection Degree-Based Comparison Among the Quantitative Randomized Response Strategies

There have been many alternative strategies for implementing sampling survey on quantitative characteristic of sensitive issues by using randomized response (RR) technique. The efficiency of most of those strategies has been improved by choosing the suitable design parameters of model. However, the two different procedures with pre-assigned design parameter values cannot ensure that they possess the same protection degree to the respondents. Some earlier comparisons of those strategies are inadequate (as in Eichhorn and Hayre, 1983 Eichhorn , B. H. , Hayre , L. S. ( 1983 ). Scrambled randomized response methods for obtaining sensitive quantitative data . J. Statist. Plann. Infer. 7 : 307 – 316 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; Gupta et al., 2002 Gupta , S. , Gupta , B. , Singh , S. ( 2002 ). Estimation of sensitivity level of personal interview survey questions . J. Statist. Plann. Infer. 100 ( 2 ): 239 – 247 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Some literature contains a more comprehensive comparison based on efficiency and protection degree to the respondents among the qualitative characteristic RR techniques (see Bhargava and Singh, 2002 Bhargava , M. , Singh , R. ( 2002 ). On the efficiency comparison of certain randomized response strategies . Metrika 55 : 191 – 197 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; Nayak, 1994 Nayak , T. K. ( 1994 ). On randomized response surveys for estimating a proportion . Commun. Statist. Theor. Meth. 23 ( 11 ): 3303 – 3321 .[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; Zaizai and Zankan, 2004 Zaizai , Y. , Zankan , N. ( 2004 ). A fair comparison of the randomized response strategies . Acta Mathematica Scientia 24A ( 3 ): 362 – 368 . [Google Scholar]). As far as the comparisons are concerned that are based on efficiency and protection degree to the respondents among the quantitative characteristic RR techniques, very few related studies have been found so far. The purpose of this article is to give a more adequate comparison among those earlier quantitative characteristic RR strategies. It is found that several important differences between the results obtained in this article and some known results exist. Therefore, these earlier RR strategies should be reevaluated.     

Stochastically Curtailed Tests Under Fractional Brownian Motion

Stochastic curtailment has been considered for the interim monitoring of group sequential trials (Davis and Hardy, 1994). Statistical boundaries in Davis and Hardy (1994) were derived using theory of Brownian motion. In some clinical trials, the conditions of forming a Brownian motion may not be satisfied. In this paper, we extend the computations of Brownian motion based boundaries, expected stopping times, and type I and type II error rates to fractional Brownian motion (FBM). FBM includes Brownian motion as a special case. Designs under FBM are compared to those under Brownian motion and to those of O’Brien–Fleming type tests. One- and two-sided boundaries for efficacy and futility monitoring are also discussed. Results show that boundary values decrease and error rates deviate from design levels when the Hurst parameter increases from 0.1 to 0.9, these changes should be considered when designing a study under FBM.     

Sequential selectiok procedures based on confidence sequences for normal populations

In this paper confidence sequences are used to construct sequential procedures for selecting the population with the a common variance. These procedures are shown to provide substantial saving, particularly in the expected samplw sizes of the inferior populations,over various procedures in the literature. A new “indifference zone” formulation is given for the correct selection probability requirement, and confidence sequences are also applied to construct sequential procedures for this new selection goal.     

理论的继承与路径的探索——俄罗斯白银时代宗教哲学家视域中的马克思主义观研究

面对19世纪末20世纪初叶以来俄国社会的动荡与精神的危机,以布尔加科夫、弗兰克、别尔嘉耶夫等为代表的白银时代的宗教哲学家,力图为俄罗斯探索出一条独特的现代化出路。在对俄罗斯现代化出路的早期理论探索中,他们在马克思主义学说中发现了真理,并力图通过将自身的文化传统与马克思主义学说相结合的方式来探索俄罗斯的现代化出路。白银时代的宗教哲学家在对马克思主义学说与自身现代化道路的理论探索过程中,逐步形成了一以贯之的马克思主义观。     

我国农村金融抑制背景下金融发展与农民收入增长的相关性问题研究——基于GM分析的视角

文章以农村金融抑制为前提,从农村金融发展程度的三个子指标(规模、效率和结构)出发,分析了这三个子指标对农民收入增长的作用机理,利用GM方法分析和测算了农村金融发展程度与农民收入增长的相关性及其度量问题.研究结果表明,农村金融发展与农民收入增加的相关性随着时间呈现下降的趋势,同时金融发展的结构与农民收入的相关性最大,而效率与其相关性最小.因此,应该从扩大农村金融规模,提高农村金融效率和优化农村金融结构入手,加快农村金融发展,促进农民收入增长.