梁启超的“私德”论及其儒学特质

虽然梁启超《新民说》中的公德说在近代以来最有影响,人们甚至把《新民说》的道德思想仅仅归结为公德说;而实际上,《新民说》中后写的《论私德》,对公德说作了很大的补充和修正,更加深刻地思考了私德在整个道德结构中的基础意义和重要价值。《论私德》不仅深化了他个人在《新民说》初始的道德论,而且对由启蒙推动的道德反思的限度,在五四新文化运动的十年前,便作了根本性的揭示,显示出思想家的深刻洞见。同时《论私德》根本确立了梁启超作为近代新儒家的思想立场和方向,也奠定了儒家道德论在近代的调适和发展的典范。     

Green supply chain management innovation diffusion and its relationship to organizational improvement: An ecological modernization perspective

Drawing on diffusion of innovation and ecological modernization theories, we identify three types of industrial manufacturers, namely early adopters, followers, and laggards, based on the adoption of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices among Chinese manufacturers. Test results indicate that differences exist between the three types of GSCM adopters in terms of their environmental, operational, and economic performance. Understanding how Chinese manufacturers adopt GSCM practices and if this adoption affects their performance contributes theoretical advancement to the diffusion of innovation theory. Practically, the results provide managerial insights for manufacturers to benchmark for environmental management practices and performance improvement.     

Modeling exotic highly pathogenic avian influenza virus entrance risk through air passenger violations

The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is able to survive in poultry products and could be carried into a country by air travelers. An assessment model was constructed to estimate the probability of the exotic viable HPAIV entering Taiwan from two neighboring areas through poultry products carried illegally by air passengers at Taiwan's main airports. The entrance risk was evaluated based on HPAIV-related factors (the prevalence and the incubation period of HPAIV; the manufacturing process of poultry products; and the distribution-storage-transportation factor event) and the passenger event. Distribution functions were adopted to simulate the probabilities of each HPAIV factor. The odds of passengers being intercepted with illegal poultry products were estimated by logistic regression. The Monte Carlo simulation established that the risk caused by HPAIV-related factors from area A was lower than area B, whereas the entrance risk by the passenger event from area A was similar to area B. Sensitivity analysis showed that the incubation period of HPAIV and the interception of passenger violations were major determinants. Although the result showed viable HPAIV was unlikely to enter Taiwan through meat illegally carried by air passengers, this low probability could be caused by incomplete animal disease data and modeling uncertainties. Considering the negative socioeconomic impacts of HPAIV outbreaks, strengthening airport quarantine measures is still necessary. This assessment provides a profile of HPAIV entrance risk through air travelers arriving from endemic areas and a feasible direction for quarantine and public health measures.     

Gender Matters: Rethinking the Childcare Model in Hong Kong

This study aims to reveal the gendered practices in childcare under the family care model and the effects of these practices on carers in Hong Kong. Familial ideology remains a dominant welfare principle in childcare policy in Hong Kong, which assumes that family care is the best form of care provision. However, this policy assumption fails to respond to the needs in childcare arising from the social changes and development. The suggested possible solution for this issue is the shifting of the family care model to the social care model, in which childcare responsibilities are shared between the family and the state.     

Statistical Analysis with Soft Computation for Fuzzy Answering in Sampling Survey

In this article, we will provide the definition of fuzzy mode, related characteristics, and proofs. By discussing these characteristics, data analysis, and explanation for this issue, we apply the soft computing techniques on human thought measurement and public's idea with a more appropriate way. In the conclusion, future experiments and further suggestions are presented.     

Modeling Resource Network Relationships Between Response Organizations and Affected Neighborhoods After a Technological Disaster

Disaster usually provides a good opportunity to observe the convergence of voluntary organized response efforts. However, the extent to which response organizations and affected neighborhoods go through the relief process similarly or differently is surprisingly less studied. Integrating the framework of community ecology and the concept of community resilience, this study examines the evolutionary process of an emergent disaster response community that consists of the populations of response organizations and affected neighborhoods. Using a technological disaster that occurred in Taiwan in July 2014 as the research context, this study shows that response organizations’ resource provision network and affected neighborhoods’ resource receipt network exhibited similar structural tendencies over the phases of disaster response and rebuilding. The process of mutual resource mobilization was also observed as response organizations mobilized and provided resources to affected neighborhoods at the same time. Moreover, while affected neighborhoods tended to maintain their resource relationships consistently over time, the changing structural patterns of their resource network reflected individual engagement in resuming normality after the incident. Theoretical and practical implications for emergent post-disaster social and voluntary behavior are discussed through the lens of community ecology and community resilience.     

New Robust Variable Selection Methods for Linear Regression Models

Motivated by an entropy inequality, we propose for the first time a penalized profile likelihood method for simultaneously selecting significant variables and estimating unknown coefficients in multiple linear regression models in this article. The new method is robust to outliers or errors with heavy tails and works well even for error with infinite variance. Our proposed approach outperforms the adaptive lasso in both theory and practice. It is observed from the simulation studies that (i) the new approach possesses higher probability of correctly selecting the exact model than the least absolute deviation lasso and the adaptively penalized composite quantile regression approach and (ii) exact model selection via our proposed approach is robust regardless of the error distribution. An application to a real dataset is also provided.     

生育文化涵义及其特征新解

本文试图通过概念对比 ,例证分析 ,成因探讨 ,从内涵上阐明生育文化理论及其特征。     

计划生育利益导向应转向社会保障供给

计划生育利益导向是我国在 2 0世纪 90年代初提出来的。它作为控制人口数量过快增长的一项举措 ,实践证明在一定社会条件下是行之有效的。本文拟从其基本理念与群众实行计划生育的发展需求比较 ,当前存在的主要问题及其原因诸方面展开论述 ,说明计划生育利益导向重点应转向社会保障供给的必要性、可行性 ,并提出改进计划生育投入与产出分配方式 ,以建设有利于人口和计划生育的社会保障新机制。     

专用性人力资本、劳动力转移与区域经济发展

资源依赖型产业链、重工业偏向型产业结构和既定的体制环境,造成了东北老工业基地的劳动力所拥有的人力资本存在不同类型和不同程度的专用性。文章认为,既定的专用性人力资本导致了劳动力在搜寻匹配岗位时遇到了很大困难,以致于在转岗再就业过程中表现出明显的人力资本粘性和人力资本失灵。为了促进区域经济发展,有效推动下岗失业劳动力高质量地完成转岗再就业过程,应当重新对东北老工业基地进行重工业化改造,同时还应对人力资本生产制度、流动制度和激励制度进行有效调整。