论朱熹《大学章句》的解释特点

朱熹《大学章句》的特点是:以明德—气禀—复其明德为基本结构,以明德为心的本然之体,从而赋予《大学》一种心性论的诠释。这种高度心性化的经典诠释为道学的发展提供了经典理解的依据。而在朱子的《大学》解释的功夫论中,一方面,格物和诚意居于核心的地位;另一方面,为学次序的关注成为朱子基本的问题意识。简言之,人的为学,必须遵照《大学》以格物为起点的顺序,一切功夫以存天理、去私欲的道德修养为中心。     

超声弹性成像在BI-RADS Ⅲ级乳腺病变中的诊断价值

目的：探讨超声弹性成像对BI-RADSⅢ级乳腺病变的临床诊断价值.方法选择137例患者的156个BI-RADS Ⅲ级病灶,同时行超声弹性成像检查,依据TES超声弹性成像评分标准行弹性评分.结果156个乳腺病灶中,恶性病灶为7个(4.49%),良性病灶为149个(95.51%).弹性成像4,5分组(高风险组)恶性发病率为11.76%(4/34),与总发病率比较显著增高(P<0.05),弹性成像1,2,3分组(低风险组)恶性发病率为2.46%(3/122).弹性成像的敏感性为57.14%,特异性为79.87%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为11.76%和97.54%.结论超声弹性成像能够为BI-RADSⅢ级病灶提供额外的诊断信息,使检查者鉴别出需要立即行活检的高风险组患者,可提高乳腺恶性病变的检出率.     

The Redevelopment of Bus Depots: A Transaction Cost Economic Analysis of a Change in the Use of Land in Hong Kong

This is a pioneering study on bus depots based on a review of the English-language literature on or related to them, which is motivated by the prevalence of real estate projects using the land of the former depots. The review is followed by some conjectures about the transaction cost advantages of bus depot sites as a source of development land and examines the hypothesis that redevelopment projects using former bus depots, compared to other uses, in Hong Kong are more easily approved under the statutory planning system. The literature review found that bus depots have attracted much academic attention, although research angles were conditioned by different social perceptions of bus depots. The empirical results of this case study did not reject the hypothesis. The limitations and implications of the study are discussed.     

一个创伤后应激障碍患者的自我治疗——解读《劳儿之劫》

杜拉斯《劳儿之劫》情节设计上的独特性和语言风格上的破碎性,使得究竟该如何解读小说的故事脉络及人物心理,成为了中外学者关注并热烈讨论的话题.本文对小说主人公劳儿荒诞的举动和怪异的心理重新进行了审视和分析,借助精神分析学、心理学和精神病理学的分析框架来观照劳儿的故事及小说中人物心理,探索劳儿遭受心灵创伤的过程,深入分析劳儿如何通过一系列变态手段尝试改变记忆中创伤事件结果,以实现自我拯救.在此基础上,为杜拉斯"印度系列"中的几个文本提出新的文学研究方法和学科教学思路.     

我们与他们:关于社区内部分隔的观察与思考

本文根据对杭州市NW镇若干社区(或村庄)的实地观察和调查访谈,分别从两个层面描述了社区内部本地居民与外来居民之间的分隔,进而探讨了导致这种社区内部分隔的相关原因,指出与族群特性、城乡差别、生活方式、职业类型、受教育水平等因素并无多大联系,主要是各种涉及现实利益、权利或资源分配的制度性障碍,营造了当地社区原居民社会的封闭性和排他性,进而在市场开放的背景下,导致了社区内部本地居民与外来居民之间的分隔.在以户籍为基础的社会管理体制下,外来流动人口大部分只是作为抽象意义上的市场要素即劳动力在流动,而不是作为完整意义上的社会成员在流动;户籍制度改革和社会内部开放,其意义决不亚于经济体制改革和对外开放,只有消除社会内部空间结构上的"龟裂"、封闭状态,才能真正建成高度文明的现代化社会.     

当前生育保障体系中的矛盾关系与对策探究

从当前生育保障制度面临的挑战出发,可以发现生育保障体系中存在的主要矛盾关系是:女性自我实现需求与高质量完成生育使命的矛盾,女性平等就业权利与企业公平参与市场竞争的矛盾,家庭过多保障责任与社会支持力量不足的矛盾。因此,在生育保障研究中应引入家庭视角,建立以家庭为单位的生育保障政策框架,从而提高生育保障制度的政策效能和实施效果。     

Societal projection: Beliefs concerning the relationship between development and inequality in China

We examine how the relationship between development and inequality at the societal level is perceived and evaluated by ordinary Chinese people. We hypothesize that because the Chinese have recently experienced rapid increases in both economic growth and social inequality, they tend to view economic development as a driving force of social inequality. To address this question, we conducted a social survey in 2006 in six Chinese provinces (n = 4898). The survey data reveal that a large proportion of Chinese people have internalized a causal model in which they project high levels of inequality onto countries they view as more developed and low levels of inequality onto countries they see as less developed. However, results also show that a smaller proportion of Chinese believe in a negative relationship between development and inequality. Hence, the study reveals heterogeneity among ordinary Chinese in their perceptions of the causal relationship between development and inequality. Surprisingly, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics provide no explanatory power in explaining this heterogeneity.     

Is experience valuable in international strategic alliances?

This study investigates whether firms benefit from prior alliance experiences as they undertake international strategic alliances. Different from previous studies that mostly focus on equity joint ventures, this study investigates non-equity alliances. This specific investigation is essential, because the complexity and uncertainty associated with such alliances potentially magnify the benefits of experiential learning. With a sample of 629 international, non-equity alliances formed by US firms, our results confirm the contribution of ISA experience in general, as well as that of experience specific to partner's country of origin and alliance activity type. The results also reveal a contingent benefit of ISA experiences, where experience of technological cooperation and experience with alliance partners from emerging countries both add more to firm value. We derive consistent evidence, as performance is assessed either by the market's perception of ISA value creation, or by the post announcement operating earnings in practice.     

Incorporating scientific,ethical and economic considerations into the design of clinical trials in the pharmaceutical industry: a sequential approach

A flexible sequential approach to the design of clinical trials is discussed herein. This approach is based on a “confidence sequence” viewpoint instead of the rigid stopping and terminal decision rules in conventional sequential testing theory. By using an appropriate confidence sequence, one can always ensure a prescribed degree of scientific rigor (confidence) in establishing the drug to be effective. Moreover, one also has the option of terminating the trial early when there is already enough statistical evidence for concluding that the drug is effective, or when the drug shows uniorseen harmful effects, or when the data predict that there is little chance of arriving at a definitive conclusion in favor of the drug by the scheduled end of the trial. We discuss how these and other ethical and economic considerations can be readily incorporated into the stopping criteria of the trial.     

Personal and Family Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong

Based on the family ecological model, personal (hopelessness, social problem solving, emotional competence) and family (parent-adolescent communication, family functioning) quality of life measures related to adolescent suicidal ideation were examined in 5,557 Secondary 1 to Secondary 4 students in Hong Kong. Results showed that suicidal ideation was positively related to adolescent hopelessness but negatively related to emotional competence, social problem solving, father–adolescent communication, mother–adolescent communication and family functioning. Multiple regression analyses showed that hopelessness was the most important predictor of adolescent suicidal ideation, followed by mother–adolescent communication, family functioning, social problem solving, father–adolescent communication, and emotional competence. Path analyses with and without direct effects showed that hopelessness mediated the effect of personal and family correlates on adolescent suicidal ideation. Theoretical and practice implications of the findings are discussed.