清代笔记作家梁章钜

清代福建名人梁章钜是位丰产笔记作家,其笔记内容无所拘束,涉及面甚广,对于了解历史、了解社会都有很大帮助,成为一个重要史源。本文着重评介了其中的《南省公余录》、《退庵随笔》《归田琐记》、《浪迹丛谈》三种、《枢垣记略》共七种笔记著作。文章充分肯定了其笔记著述的成就,认为应给以文化史上相应的地位。     

社会团结与社会统一性的哲学论证——对当代哲学中一个重大课题的考察

从哲学层面为社会团结与社会统一性提供理论论证,这是哲学和社会发展中一个十分重大的课题。要切实理解社会团结与社会统一性课题的性质和内涵,必须把它置于现代性背景中,"个人主体性"这一现代性原则由于它所内蕴的对象性逻辑和价值个体主义取向,使之成为社会团结与社会统一性陷入危机的深层根源。传统形而上学以普遍的、超历史的理性原理为基础,试图为社会团结与社会统一性提供论证,但由于其所蕴含的社会生活本性相悖的性质,这种论证必然是不成功的。当代哲学试图克服传统形而上学的局限,在"主体间性"的理论视野里,以"相互承认"为价值规范,从而为社会团结与社会统一性提供新的论证,其努力具有重大的启发意义。     

论公务员的忠实义务

公务员制度是近代国家建立以后所确立的重要公法制度。现代国家的二律背反是在公共管理是必要物的同时,公共管理人员又可能成为实现国家目标的障碍。因此,对公共管理人员进行严格的管理,赋予公共管理人员以更多的法定义务是实现国家目标的关键。在国家以法定方式赋予公共管理人员的各种法定义务中,忠实义务是最基本、也是最重要的义务。忠实义务是公务员精神的核心,是公务员义务中最为本源的原生性义务,其他义务均由忠实义务派生。本文将从公务员忠实义务的法理根据,我国《公务员法》对公务员忠实义务的要求,公务员忠实义务与公务员精神培养三个方面对此展开学理、实证、构建三个层次的论证。     

台湾当局“南向政策”透视

在两岸经贸关系日益深化背景下,台湾当局的“南向政策”与台商的“西进运动”形成尖锐的矛盾,台商对外投资策略决定“三通”已是必然的发展趋向。     

古代德行伦理与早期儒家伦理学的特点--兼论孔子与亚里士多德伦理学的异同

前孔子的春秋时代的道德思想属于“德性的时代” ,德目表很多 ,德性体系是大家关注的对象。而孔子的思想则强调君子的整体人格 ,德性伦理只是孔子道德思想和人生哲学的一部分。孔子伦理学虽然包含了承继传统而来的德行论面向 ,但其整个思想已经超越了德性伦理的形态。孔子与春秋以及前人最大的不同之处 ,是孔子特别突出“仁”这一德。对于孔子 ,“仁”不只是“德” ,而且也是“道” ,就是说 ,仁不仅是德性 ,而且是原则。由金律和忠恕一贯之道来看 ,孔子的伦理思想不能全部归结为“德性伦理”(virtueethics) ,孔子所说的一以贯之的“道”不是那些单方面的德性 ,而是社会道德生活的根本原则和定律。     

Inventory Sharing in the Presence of Commodity Markets

This study investigates the value of inventory sharing in the presence of spot and forward markets. We consider a multi‐period setting where two firms process a common commodity to meet stochastic demands. They can buy and sell the commodity through both the spot and forward markets. They can also share the commodity if one has leftover inventory while the other has excess demand. We first characterize the equilibrium strategies of the two firms. Our analysis reveals that in such a context, the value of inventory sharing is low when the forward price is directly used to value the sharing transactions. We then develop a structured trans‐shipment price scheme that uses a linear combination of the spot and forward prices. We show that this method can substantially increase the value of inventory sharing. Our analysis also reveals that in the presence of liquid spot and forward markets, the value of inventory sharing mainly results from the difference of the transaction costs, and it increases if the market in which firms operate becomes more competitive.     

城镇化效应与生育性别偏好

文章在分析生育性别偏好的基础上,探讨了出生人口性别比失衡问题产生的原因,明确提出通过农村向城市的人口迁移(城镇化)和城市向农村的制度引进、特别是婚居模式与社会保障制度的引进,来改善影响生育性别偏好的制度和文化环境,对出生人口性别比失衡问题进行标本兼治。     

The min-p robust optimization approach for facility location problem under uncertainty

Improper value of the parameter p in robust constraints will result in no feasible solutions while applying stochastic p-robustness optimization approach (p-SRO) to solving facility location problems under uncertainty. Aiming at finding the lowest critical p-value of parameter p and corresponding robust optimal solution, we developed a novel robust optimization approach named as min-p robust optimization approach (min-pRO) for P-median problem (PMP) and fixed cost P-median problem (FPMP). Combined with the nearest allocation strategy, the vertex substitution heuristic algorithm is improved and the influencing factors of the lowest critical p-value are analyzed. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed approach are verified by numerical examples. The results show that the fluctuation range of data is positively correlated with the lowest critical p-value with given number of new facilities. However, the number of new facilities has a different impact on lowest critical p-value with the given fluctuation range of data. As the number of new facilities increases, the lowest critical p-value for PMP and FPMP increases and decreases, respectively.

     

宋代理学话语的形成

陈来认为,宋明理学之所以成为理学,全在于它形成了一套相对稳定的话语体系。深入细致地研究这一话语体系的形成过程,有利于总结和提炼中国学术思想话语体系的构型特性。杨国荣认为,对心性和体性的关注,构成了理学的重要特点。心性之学分别从人自身的存在和人与对象关系的维度展开了对意义的追寻。向世陵认为,宋代理学所创造的"成性"说奠定了理学的本体范畴,是儒学复兴的最重要理论标志;宋代理学本体论的创立使儒学在理论上真正获得了新生。孔令宏认为,宋明理学对道家、道教的吸收,丰富了儒学的体用合一论和功夫境界论,提升了儒学的哲理思辨水平,充实了儒家的思想体系,促进了儒学的新发展。     

Putting the individual and context back into national human resource development research: A systematic review and research agenda

Conceptualization of national human resource development (NHRD) emphasizes that it is an ongoing development process of the individual that is shaped by context. However, the extant literature has focused primarily on describing and evaluating NHRD policies and interventions in different countries with limited consideration of NHRD across the lifespan and the interaction of life stage with context. Using ecological systems theory (EST) and a lifespan development perspective (LDP), we present a systematic review of the NHRD literature based on 310 sources. We identify key themes and gaps in research across the lifespan and at distinct levels of the ecological system. We build on this review to suggest future research informed by both EST and an LDP. We propose a future research agenda focused on several key areas, including: the developing individual as the primary focus of NHRD; the dynamic relationship between NHRD microsystems and how this evolves over time; the exosystem and macrosystem, which provide the context of the NHRD development experience for the individual over their lifespan; and the imperatives of directing research attention to top-down and bottom-up influences within the ecological system. We also propose three methodological innovations to address many of the questions raised by our review, drawing on national archive databases, the use of historical methods and a focus on longitudinal data analysis. Finally, we highlight the practical implications of our analysis for ecosystem and microsystem NHRD actors.