Sharing inventory risk in supply chain: The implication of financial constraint

A supply chain may operate under either preorder mode, consignment mode or the combination of these two modes. Under preorder, the retailer procures before the sale and takes full inventory risk during the sale, while under consignment, the retailer sells the product for the supplier with the supplier taking the inventory risk. The combination mode shares the risk in the supply chain. The existing research has examined the supply chain modes from various operational aspects. However, the impact of financial constraint is neglected. This paper examines the impact of financial constraint and investigates the supply chain efficiency under each mode. Based on a Stackelberg game with the supplier being the leader, we show that without financial constraint the supplier always prefers the consignment mode, taking full inventory risk. Whereas, in the presence of financial constraint, the supplier will sell part of the inventory to the retailer through preorder, which shares the inventory risk in the supply chain. We show that with financial constraint, the combination mode is the most efficient mode even if the retailer earns zero internal capital.     

Characterizations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis>-cutwidth critical trees

The cutwidth problem for a graph G is to embed G into a path such that the maximum number of overlap edges (i.e., the congestion) is minimized. The investigations of critical graphs and their structures are meaningful in the study of a graph-theoretic parameters. We study the structures of k-cutwidth \((k>1)\) critical trees, and use them to characterize the set of all 4-cutwidth critical trees.     

可转换公司债券的巴黎期权特征

目前我国可转换债券的各种限制性条款具有明显的巴黎期权特征,其对可转换债券的定价以及最优执行策略的确定有着极大的影响.综合分析了可转债赎回条款的硬限制、软限制以及赎回公告期限制对可转换债券定价的影响,重点讨论了可转换债券赎回条款软限制中的巴黎期权特征,建立了路径依赖条件下可转换债券定价问题的控制方程,基于投资者与发行者双方博弈的结果给出了相应的边界条件,建议采用全网格模拟数值方法求得问题的解.     

基于Bayes概率边界域的粗集分类方法及其在高频数据中的应用

 作为一种近似处理的工具,粗集主要用于不确定情况下的决策分析,并且不需要任何事先的数据假定。但当前的主流粗集分类方法仍然需要先经过离散化的步骤,这就损失了数值型变量提供的高质量信息。本文对隶属函数重新加以概率定义,并提出了一种基于Bayes概率边界域的粗集分类技术,比较好的解决了当前粗集方法所面临的数值型属性分类的不适应、分类规则不完备等一系列问题。     

国际工程承包市场竞争的博弈模型

本文对国际工程承包的市场竞争进行了实证分析并指出其基本特征,在此基础之上建立了国际工程承包的市场竞争模型。并给出了该模型的一个均衡解,最后对均衡解进行了解释并指出该模型带来的深刻影响。     

从美国金融危机看金融安全问题

美国金融危机始于2007年夏季，之后迅速蔓延到世界各主要经济体，对各国金融安全和全球经济发展带来了威胁和挑战。为了维护金融的安全与稳定，各国不但要提高对金融安全问题的重视程度、增强对金融创新风险防范的能力、完善金融监管体系，还要加强国际区域金融合作，并为构建新型的国际金融体系作出不懈努力。     

Sick building syndrome and perceived indoor environmental quality: A survey of apartment buildings in Hong Kong

The outbreak of a highly communicable disease, SARS, in Asia in 2003 has revealed the health risk of living in a high-density environment. To show the important connection between human health and environmental quality, this study surveys the prevalence of sick building syndrome (SBS) among apartment residents and their evaluation of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Based on a sample of 748 households living in Hong Kong, two interesting findings are revealed: (1) nasal discomfort was the commonest home-related SBS symptom despite the absence of any central ventilation system in apartment buildings; (2) noise, rather than ventilation, was the major IEQ problem perceived by residents. Our statistical analysis further showed that residents with SBS symptoms were less satisfied with their IEQ than those without. That is, despite a positive evaluation of specific IEQ criteria with respect to the building residents lived in, if they reported feeling SBS related symptoms, the overall IEQ evaluation of their building could still be negative. This perception bias gives rise to a sample selection problem in measuring perceived IEQ, which has implications on housing management practices and the formulation of a healthy housing policy.     

灰色模型在社会燃气事故预测中的应用

简要介绍灰色预测理论，以及GM（1，1）模型的建模过程。并应用灰色预测模型对南方某大型城市燃气公司管道燃气供应范围内的社会燃气事故死亡人数进行预测并实施检验。检验结果表明应用灰色预测模型预测社会燃气事故死亡人数的发展规律是可行有效的。     

黄芩甙护肤霜的研制和应用

介绍利用中草药黄芩提取物黄芩甙制成水包油型护肤霜,其各项理化指标符合QB/T1857—93标准。临床应用结果表明,该护肤霜对黄褐斑、色素沉着、痤疮、皮肤粗糙、干裂疗效显著。