Signaling to Partially Informed Investors in the Newsvendor Model

We analyze a signaling game between the manager of a firm and an investor in the firm. The manager has private information about the firm's demand and cares about the short‐term stock price assigned by the investor. Previous research has shown that under continuous decision choices and the Intuitive Criterion refinement, the least‐cost separating equilibrium will result, in which a low‐quality firm chooses its optimal capacity and a high‐quality firm over‐invests in order to signal its quality to investors. We build on this research by showing the existence of pooling outcomes in which low‐quality firms over‐invest and high‐quality firms under‐invest so as to provide identical signals to investors. The pooling equilibrium is practically appealing because it yields a Pareto improvement compared to the least‐cost separating equilibrium. Distinguishing features of our analysis are that: (i) we allow the capacity decision to have either discrete or continuous support, and (ii) we allow beliefs to be refined based on either the Undefeated refinement or the Intuitive Criterion refinement. We find that the newsvendor model parameters impact the likelihood of a pooling outcome, and this impact changes in both sign and magnitude depending on which refinement is used.     

儿童钢琴教学中兴趣的培养与激发

“兴趣是最好的老师”,这是最熟悉不过的口头禅。然而不争的事实是,为数不少的音乐名流,当他们刚刚步入音乐领域时,并非对音乐有特别的兴趣。这说明大量的学习,不是在很自觉的水平上发生的,许多行为模式是通过外界的微妙强化,后天的有效诱导,最后才形成稳定的兴趣并获得成功。所以说兴趣是成功的秘诀。然而对于这个“秘诀”,并不是每位钢琴教师和家长都能领悟。因而出现了家长强迫孩子学琴,教师硬性灌输,孩子厌学砸琴,童稚灵性被扼杀的种种现象。儿童钢琴教学的实践证明:培养儿童浓厚的兴趣并使之具有稳定性,是钢琴教学过程有效开展的重要环…     

人文精神与纪录片文化景观

人文精神作为纪录片文化的内在灵魂,渗透于各种文化形态之中。然而在当代,纪录片文化中的人文精神正在被各种混杂的价值取向所遮蔽,人文精神遭遇了边缘恪守和中心遮蔽的尴尬状态。本文立足中国传统儒家人文精神和隐逸人文精神,分析了它们与纪录片文化景观之间的关系,并提出应该力图探索人文精神在当代社会的新形态。     

论促进市场经济发展必需的社会因素

政治、文化和技术是促进经济发展的社会因素。虽然他们之间具有相辅相成的关系 ,但同时又具有不可替代性和越界性。市场经济不是万能的 ,甚至有时还会加剧或破坏某些稀缺资源的稀缺性。我国当今社会发展存在的一个突出问题就是市场经济、政治法律和伦理道德这三种制度之间界限不明、功能混乱、制衡较差。本文提出为了调动社会积极因素 ,促进市场经济健康发展 ,正确的抉择是 :深入进行政治体制改革 ;确立符合市场经济需要的文化模式 ;立足科教兴国 ,提倡素质教育 ;实现人与经济的同步现代化     

铲除恐怖主义根源,建设民族和谐社会

少数分裂分子是靠歪曲历史和现实,宣扬极端宗教狂热来制造事端的。政教合一的政权必然导致宗教压迫和精神奴役,宗教对抗是人民之间相互摧残的悲剧。恐怖主义是极端宗教的产物;违背良善谋划宗教对抗是对时代的反动。民族地区稳定和谐的基础是信仰自由和宗教和谐,必须划清群体事件和犯罪案件的界限。     

中国经济转型期城镇少数民族教育收益率的实证研究

文章分别使用了OLS方法和分位回归技术,考察了1995—2007年间中国城镇少数民族教育收益率的总体水平及其长期变化趋势,并将之与汉族进行了比较,发现在经济转型期,中国城镇居民教育收益率总体上呈逐年上升趋势,少数民族与汉族之间的教育收益率没有显著差异。政策的力量与市场的力量有机结合、相互叠加,是转型时期中国城镇少数民族的地位并没有发生逆转的重要原因。与汉族相同,少数民族的教育收益率随着收入分位点提高而逐渐减小,即收入水平越高,教育收益率越低。     

Tweeting about emergency: A semantic network analysis of government organizations’ social media messaging during Hurricane Harvey

While social media like Twitter have been increasingly adopted by public-sector organizations, it remains less explored as to how government and emergency management (EM) organizations use these platforms to communicate with the public in response to emerging natural disasters. Extending the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) to the realm of social media, this study examines the emerging semantic networks from 67 government and EM organizations’ official tweets during Hurricane Harvey over a three-week period. It identifies how multiple crisis response strategies—including instructing information, adjusting information, and bolstering—are constituted of different issues, actions, and organizational actors before, during, and immediately after the disaster event. Results suggest that government agencies use the strategy of instructing information predominantly before and during the disaster, whereas adjusting information and bolstering strategies are utilized more during post-disaster recovery. The study offers theoretical and practical implications of using a semantic network approach to studying organizational crisis responses.     

Testing spatial randomness based on empirical distribution function: A study on lattice data

In this article, we extended the empirical distribution function based test statistic _Ik$I_k$ of Skaug and Tjostheim [1993. Nonparametric test of serial independence based on the empirical distribution function. Biometrika 80, 591–602] in the time series setting to _Dn$D_n$ for spatial lattice data and derived the asymptotic distribution of the proposed test statistic _Dn$D_n$ under the null hypothesis of spatial independence. The size and power of the proposed test statistic under conditional autoregressive model (CAR) were simulated. We applied _Dn$D_n$, Moran's I and Geary's c   to the transformed and well-studied sudden infant death syndrome data from North Carolina and found that _Dn$D_n$ produced a much smaller p$p$-value in testing spatial independence.