教学模式和课程设置与英语综合应用能力的相关性研究

根据教育部的要求,采用新的教学模式和课程设置对部分学生进行了英语技能分项教学,以求提高学生语言综合应用能力。通过与传统教学模式下的学生的两个学年的成绩进行SPSS数据对比分析,发现新的教学模式和课程设置对提高学生英语综合应用能力和自主学习能力确有一定的效果。     

当前高校师德建设中存在的问题及其对策

加强高校师德建设具有十分重要的意义。目前高校师德建设中存在的主要问题是敬业精神淡化、育人意识不强、严谨治学态度缺乏、团队协作意识较差。产生问题的原因主要是社会大环境和学校内部体制的负面影响及缺乏系统规范的师德教育。加强高校师德建设必须针对上述问题深入分析其原因,并采取相应的措施。     

韦皋与唐代南方丝绸之路的重开

Weigao was one of the famous Jie-dushi ( regional military commissioners ) of the Jiannan Xichuan ( located in today’s southern Si-chuan) in the Tang Dynasty. During the rule of Wei Gao, he successfully defeated the Tubo, and changed the Tang court’s submissiveness in the southwestern region and the fight between the Tang and Tubo along the southern line. He also restored the links between Yunnan and Xichuan including all the way to the Central Plains, and, as a result, the once closed Southern Silk Road was reopened. A further exploration and evaluation of Wei Gao’s actions and his influence on reopening the Southern Silk Road ought to be given. I. Wei Gao’s Alliance with the Nanzhao King-dom and Reopening the Southern Silk Road In 785 A. D. , Wei Gao arrived in Chengdu and was appointed Jiedushi of Jiannan Xichuan. The situation of Jiannan Xichuan at that time was very critical. After the Tianbao war, the Kingdom of Nanzhao, which had unified the area around Er-hai Lake with the support of the Tang in the past, turned against the Tang and publicly announced its alliance with the Tubo. The Nanzhao Kingdom, to-gether with the Tubo, struck the Tang in the south-western region. This shift not only put the Tang in a submissive position in the southwestern region, but also significantly influenced the relations be-tween the Tang and the Tubo. As the Jiedushi of Jiannan Xichuan, Wei Gao became a unique practitioner and actively promoted a joint strategy in Yunnan. After the Tang decided to make an alliance with the Nanzhao Kingdom, relevant actions were taken immediately. However because relations between the Nanzhao Kingdom and the Tang had been broken for many years, at the beginning, Wei Gao could only communicate through some of the tribal chiefs of the Dongman ( Eastern Barbarians) . Through several years of ef-fort and mutual contact, Wei Gao’s endeavors to make an alliance with the Nanzhao, at last, were effective. Wei Gao’s efforts to make an alliance with the Nanzhao certainly involved issues related to trans-portation between Xichuan and the area of Erhai Lake. During that period, the route between Xi-chuan and Nanzhao was not only under military threat from the Tubo, but it was also overseen by the tribes of the Dongman who supported the Tu-bo—this indicated that the line of communication was not in a normal situation. The Southern Silk Road was one of ancient China’s important land trade routes to overseas. In looking at relevant re-cords in the Shiji ( Records of the Historian ) , we can see that this route had been known by people in the Central Plains from at least the Qin and Han dynasties. It was called the“Shushen Dudao” dur-ing the Han dynasty, and the “Xi’er Tianzhu zhid-ao” in the Taizhong period of the Tang dynasty.“Xi’er” refers to Erhai Lake, which was called“Xi’er He” during that time; “Tianzhu”, i. e.“Shendu”, refers to present day India. Since the Qin and Han dynasties, there were two primary routes between Xichuan and the area of Lake Er-hai. One was the Shimendao, also called the Wuchidao or Rongzhoudao, which started from present Chengdu and went through present day Le-shan and Yibin. The other was the Qing Xidao, also called the Lingguandao, Songzhoudao or Qiongnan Yilu,which, started from present Cheng-du, and went through present day Ya’an, and Xichang. These two routes were also called the“North Route” and the“South Route” in the Yun-nan Zhi ( The History of Yunnan) compiled by Fan Cuo in the Tang Dynasty. These two were the main routes between Sichuan and Yunnan on the South-ern Silk Road in the Tang dynasty. In 794 A. D. , the Tang and the Nanzhao Kingdom swore an oath of alliance, and Wei Gao started his plans to reo-pen the routes. By making a comprehensive analy-sis of relevant historical records, we are certain that starting with a plan in the 8th century, and fol-lowing the realization of the alliance between the Tang and Nanzhao as part of the strategy for the Southwestern area, and, together with the success in the fight against the Tubo, the two main chan-nels between Sichuan and Yunnan on the Southern Silk Road were reopened as a result of the concern of Wei Gao at the beginning of the 9th century. II. The Basic Situation of the Route between Sichuan and Yunnan on the Southern Silk Road in the Tang Dynasty and Its Historical Significance It was a long way from Xichuan to the area of Lake Erhai, and, moreover, the situation was also very complicated. Whenever the North Route or the South Route opened, it was not something that was completed immediately; it was a process. Al-though some sections of the road might be comple-ted initially, the opening of the entire route could not be completed within a short time. Through the records of Fan Cuo in his Yunnan Zhi, we can glean a general understanding of the basic situation regarding the reopening of the two main routes be-tween Sichuan and Yunnan along the Southern Silk Road in the Tang Dynasty. Seen from the records of Fan Cuo, there were courier stations along the South Route, so that travelers and their horses could have services and accommodation. It is very significant to note that in addition to the records of courier stations along the route managed by the Xichuan administration, the Yunnan Zhi also recorded that special translators were arranged for facilitating the contact and ex-change between the two sides, i. e. Xichuan and Nanzhao, after the route reached Ezhunling. This detail reflected Xichuan’s attention to the manage-ment of this route, but it also reflected the frequent contact between the people from the two sides of this route and the need for better communication. The road which started from Ezhunling was man-aged by the Nanzhao Kingdom. The situation of the North Route was quite different from the South Route. Based upon an analysis of the records found in the Yunnan Zhi, along the north route, there were not only high mountain, steep slopes, and winding roads, but the traveler also had to pass through many areas inhabited by the Wuman (Black Babarians). So, people were able to pass through the stations only after their words had been translated three or four times. Generally speaking, the conditions along the North Route were worse than those along the South Route. Therefore, al-though the reopening of the South Route was later than the North Route, people usually chose to pass through the South Route after it was reopened. It should be mentioned here that although Fan Cuo’s Yunnan Zhi was compiled during the early years of Xiantong Period in the Tang dynasty, the situation along the route and courier stations recorded in the book were probably not much different from those along the route during the time of Wei Gao. Al-though more than half a century of time had passed the road and courier stations along the South and North Routes might have only had some minor changes, and it was probably generally the same as in the past. Moreover it was unblocked for a long term due to the concern of the both sides. Another point that should be noted here is that although both the South and North Routes connecting Si-chuan and Yunnan on the Southern Silk Road in the Tang dynasty were managed by the administra-tions of Xichuan and Nanzhao separately, seen from the close relations and common demands of the two sides, the construction and management of these two important routes were combined through the negotiation of the two sides’ considerations and demands. As the major supporter for making the alliance with Nanzhao, Wei Gao should be the one who played an active role in this process. Because of the alliance between the Tang and the Nanzhao Kingdom the Tubo suffered a setback in the southwestern region, and they gradually re-treated to the north. Under this scenario, the channels of communication between Sichuan and Yunnan were unblocked, and communication be-tween the envoys from the Tang and Nanzhao be-came more frequent, the local trade developed, and the number of businessmen traversing Sichuan and Yunnan increased. Seen from the perspective of the development of Nanzhao, the frequent ex-changes between the artisans and traders from the two sides via the South and North Routes that ran between Sichuan and Yunnan promoted the eco-nomic and commercial development of Yunnan. In addition, there were many ethnic groups in the Nanzhao Kingdom. These included the Wuman, and Baiman ( white barbarians) . For several dec-ades,“more than a thousand” people from differ-ent ethnic groups went to Chengdu to study. This reflected that the reopening of the Southern Silk Road during the Tang dynasty played an important role in cultural transmission. On the other hand, training youth from the different ethnic groups liv-ing in the Nanzhao Kingdom also had a deep influ-ence on the cultural development of Yunnan. More important is that this action enhanced the commu-nication between the ethnic groups of Yunnan and the Central Plains. In addition, after reopening the road between Sichuan and Yunnan on the Southern Silk Route, the road continued through Nanzhao territory, crossed into the Myanmar-India route, and arrived in South and Southeast Asia. It could be said that Wei Gao’s reopening of the Southern Silk Road was not only helpful for communication between the people of Xichuan, the Central Plains and Yunnan, but it was also helpful for communi-cation between the Tang and the countries of South and Southeast Asia. It should be mentioned that Wei Gao’s reope-ning of the Southern Silk Road was conducted with-in the framework of an alliance with the Nanzhao Kingdom to attack the Tubo. Hence, speaking truthfully, reopening the road was not the main re-sponsibility of the Jiedushi of Xichuan, and was al-so not his main strategic goal. Under the serious situation faced by Jiannan Xichuan, Wei Gao’s main focus during that time was how to contact and make an alliance with the Nanzhao Kingdom so as to take military action against the Tubo. Even if he planned to reopen this road and took some action, it was conducted by targeting his military strategic action. However, reopening the Southern Silk Road could not be separated from the action of making an alliance with the Nanzhao Kingdom. Moreover, after reopening this road, it really pro-moted economic -cultural exchange and develop-ment along the road. Hence, we should give a full understanding and evaluation on Wei Gao’s histori-cal role in it.     

我国区位优势与FDI市场进入模式的相关性分析

由于外资尤其是FDI(外商直接投资)流入我国的规模越来越大,而且在我国的分布明显呈地区性不平衡,区域差异非常明显。因此,笔者试图从区位优势出发,分析在现阶段我国区位优势的构成以及一些重要的区位优势变量对FDI进入模式的影响,为中西部地区如何更好的发挥区位优势,更有效地利用外资提供可以借鉴的建议。     

红山文化的祭祀礼制探析

红山文化是我国新石器时代晚期的一个重要的考古学文化。多年来,随着红山文化遗址的发掘和大量考古材料的不断出现,红山文化备受学术界关注。红山文化的祭祀活动在中国史前文化中晚期最具典型性,以祭祀天地为核心内容,同时也包括图腾崇拜、生殖女神崇拜等诸多方面。大量的考古调查和发掘资料研究表明,在红山文化的祭祀活动中,祭祀礼制已经初具规模,并不断向礼制发展,为中华礼制文明的起源发挥了重要作用。     

略论担保法中的抵押权制度

《担保法》对抵押权作了若干新规定,是我国抵押权制度的新发展,但是仍存在不足。本文试从《担保法》对抵押权制度的发展入手,同时指出其存在的不足之处,借鉴国外的经验对其加以完善。     

“中国式”邻避运动结果的影响因素研究——对22个邻避案例的多值集定性比较分析

使用多值集定性比较分析方法对2003—2015年间22个典型的邻避运动案例进行系统的比较,结合中国抗争政治的特点提出理解邻避运动成功的探索性分析框架,指出相较资源动员理论,政治机会理论对当下“中国式”邻避运动结果具有较强的解释力。研究发现,风险感知、东部地区、互联网动员、中央媒体支持性报道以及温和型运动策略并存是运动成功的影响因素。针对不同类型的邻避设施,风险感知、东部地区、互联网动员与中央媒体支持性报道并存是污染类邻避运动成功的影响因素;风险感知、东部地区、互联网动员、公民参与与中央媒体支持性报道并存是风险集聚类邻避运动成功的影响因素;风险感知与东部地区共存是心理不悦和污名化类邻避运动成功的影响因素。与以往研究不同的是,我们发现环保组织介入运动可能阻碍抗争的成功。此外,本研究在一定程度上拓展了抗争结果的研究方法。     

语境乃口语研究的核心要素

语境指交际过程中交际主客体之间共同面对的可感与不可感的诸要素的总和。由于现实语境的存在 ,口语较少受语法形式的制约而突出实用性和灵活性的特点。在口语运用中 ,语境成为补充、完善和正确理解语义 ,判断用词准确与否的关键要素和核心内容。     

高校校报新闻策划的实践与思考

随着网络媒体的崛起,高校校报在校园的传播优势受到一定的冲击。本文通过对高校校报新闻策划的必要性、新闻策划理念、新闻策划有效途径三方面进行阐述,指出只有因势而变,更新策划理念;前瞻预测,引起读者广泛共鸣;深入挖掘,打造独家新闻;创新报道样式等,向读者提供更多、更好的新闻精品,才能在与广播、有线电视、校园新闻网络等媒介的竞争中占得一席之地。     

论高校校报的思想政治教育功能

从发挥高校校报的舆论宣传作用和高校校报的特性两方面论述了如何发挥高校校报思想政治教育功能。校报应树立阵地意识,坚持正确的舆论导向,围绕时事形势进行舆论宣传和思想政治教育,将意见性与事实性信息结合发挥舆论监督作用。高校校报作为传媒的不可替代性等特性决定高校校报必将在思想政治工作中发挥重大的作用。