“Citizens at the Door”: Mobilising Against the Enemy in Civil War London

This article considers how the image of the enemy was deployed by parliamentarian activists in civil war London. It focuses on the “malignant party” identified in parliamentary discourse as guilty of dividing crown and parliament and precipitating civil war. Endorsing the reality of this party became a means for activists to assert their status as those most “well-affected” to parliament, and to legitimise their own political agency within the terms of parliamentary discourse. By learning to speak the language of parliament, these activists were able to participate in the construction of the parliamentary cause, and to shape its future.     

全额保障老年患者在基层公平享有合理使用基本药物政策研究

目的:为实施全额保障老年患者在基层公平享有、合理使用基本药物费用政策提供可行的管理策略。方法:以南京市江宁区参加职工医保的65岁以上老年患者就诊的数据为来源,分析其基本药物使用的状况和主要疾病病种的构成。结果:老年患者主要以抗微生物药、调节水、电解质及酸碱平衡药、内科用药(中成药)和心血管系统用药为主;主要是心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病以及损伤骨折等;用药经济负担较重。结论:应加强老年人常用基本药物的配备,提高可获得性;实施分类管控,最大程度地减轻使用基本药物的经济负担;规范医师用药行为,提高基层医疗机构合理用药的水平;加强用药知识宣教,发挥社区药学服务的作用。     

Joint Pricing and Contingent Free-Shipping Decisions in B2C Transactions

We consider an online retailer's joint pricing and contingent free-shipping (CFS) decisions in both monopoly and duopoly structures, which is an important marketing-operations interface problem. We begin by investigating the impacts of a retailer's decisions on consumers' purchase behaviors, and show that the CFS strategy is useful to acquire the consumers with large order sizes. Then, we compute the probability of repeated purchases, and construct an expected profit function for an online retailer in the monopolistic setting. We find that the fixed shipping fees may have the largest impact on the retailer's profit among all shipping-related parameters, and the retailer can benefit more from homogeneous markets than from heterogeneous ones. Next, we consider the competition between two retailers in the duopoly structure, and analytically show that, if two retailers have identical fixed and variable shipping fees, then their equilibrium decisions are equal. In order to numerically find a Nash equilibrium for two retailers, we develop a simulation approach using Arena and OptQuest. Our simulation-based examples suggest that, as a result of the competition, the two retailers should decrease their profit margins but increase their CFS cutoff levels if they have the same fixed and also the same variable shipping fees.     

“吃”不厌精,“译”不厌细——互文性理论观照下的汉语“吃”字俗语的英译

中国饮食文化源远流长,中国人爱吃会吃,也把吃的哲学融进了生活和处世的方方面面。语言是文化的载体,汉语中存在着大量带有"吃"字的俗语。这类俗语使用频繁,活泼生动,内涵深厚,反映中国人的思想意识和价值观念,是翻译的难点。认识这类俗语的翻译价值,解读其文化特征,是做好翻译的前提和基础。在互文性相关理论的观照下,研究"吃"字俗语的翻译策略,探索"传情"、"达意"的有效途径,不仅有利于俗语的翻译研究,而且对中国文化的对外传播具有积极的意义。     

土地可持续性利用的空间分析——经济学和生态学模型

经济学家忽视空间格局和动态研究,而景观生态学家很重视土地的空间分析。经济学家的参与会使生态学家的研究更深入。本文讨论经济学家在土地利用空间分析中的研究途径及可能遇到的困难。     

模型平均方法及其在预测中的应用

 内容提要：模型平均方法是当代统计学和计量经济学界研究的国际前沿问题,在经济、金融、生物、医学等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文着重介绍几种常用的和最新的模型平均方法,并把它们应用于我国的粮食产量预测,取得了比较好的预测效果,表明模型平均方法为准确的预测分析提供了有力的工具,将对规避管理中可能出现的风险和偏差提供重要的技术支持。     

小屏传播时代少数民族女性新形象研究 ——以"浪漫侗家七仙女"为例

现代传播活动构建了公众对不同群体的“符号化”认识,就少数民族女性而言,不同的传播方式和时代会对其“生成”不一样的公众形象。在当前这个全新的小屏传播时代,短视频网红ID“浪漫侗家七仙女”使侗家女性获得了较大的话语权,使她们有可能成为传播主导者,其形象构建更真实、更加符号化,显示出较强的“带货”能力,但也因出于“流量”的考量,“侗家七仙女”的传播呈现较强的表演性质。其网红、年轻漂亮、家乡代言人及现代女性等形象特征使少数民族女性在传播中的主体地位大为增强,但由于小屏传播的局限、男性审美的主导及表演性、碎片化呈现等方面的局限,小屏传播时代少数民族女性形象与其真实的状态还是有一定的偏差。     

Lattice and Schröder paths with periodic boundaries

We consider paths in the plane with (1,0$1,0$), (0,1$0,1$), and (a,b$a,b$)-steps that start at the origin, end at height n$n$, and stay strictly to the left of a given non-decreasing right boundary. We show that if the boundary is periodic and has slope at most b/a$b/a$, then the ordinary generating function for the number of such paths ending at height n   is algebraic. Our argument is in two parts. We use a simple combinatorial decomposition to obtain an Appell relation or “umbral” generating function, in which the power zⁿ$z^n$ is replaced by a power series of the form zⁿ_φn(z),$z^n{\phi }_n(z),$ where _φn(0)=1.${\phi }_n(0)=1.$ Then we convert (in an explicit way) the umbral generating function to an ordinary generating function by solving a system of linear equations and a polynomial equation. This conversion implies that the ordinary generating function is algebraic. We give several concrete examples, including an alternative way to solve the tennis ball problem.     

理论的自足与上升——文学理论之理路的一种读法

文学理论发展的现状呈现出远离文学的态势,其显著的一个特征就是“科学化”主张的提出与追求。这样一种情况的出现不是一种偶然或者几位理论家以一己之力即可造成的,应该说,理论的发展史很可能具有一种相应的内在路向。文学理论的初期形态是从文学出发的,但是并不是由文学产生的,这一点于现代理论尤其明显。经过一系列的理论活动,通过理论的文学化、文学的理论化以及理论与文学的分离性对立等途径,理论将自己的对象确立为自身,获得了一种内在的自律,走上独自发展的道路。     

“欲望”书写中彰显启蒙“理性”——评郁达夫小说的“五四”品格

郁达夫是中国现代文学史上第一个毫不顾忌地用“爱”这种欲望形式表现对自由和解放的不懈追求的作家。他的思想、创作虽然比鲁迅稍逊,但在“五四”文坛上,也是一位公认的大家。在“五四”时期反帝反封建的特定历史背景下,他本身所具有的忧国忧民的社会责任感和历史使命感,使他能用人文主义的严肃态度探讨人的情欲和生存问题,从个体的本能欲望切入到所处的时代、社会;借欲望的外貌,灌注启蒙的理性,把人的解放和民族的解放有机地融合在一起。从而使他的文本成为一面以独特视角反映“五四”时代人性觉醒历史的镜子。