社会网络、 先前经验与创业风险识别

无法识别创业风险是导致创业失败的主要原因之一,如何有效识别并管理创业风险是新创企业健康成长的关键.社会网络能够弥补创业者在识别风险过程中的信息劣势,但既有研究极少探索社会网络是否以及如何影响创业风险识别.为弥补这个研究空白,文章利用信息处理理论为研究框架,构建了创业风险识别模型.具体而言,结构洞和网络强度有利于创业者获取更多、高质量与风险相关的信息,进而识别更多的创业风险;获取信息的数量在网络强度与创业风险识别关系之间发挥完全中介作用;创业者的先前经验正向影响创业风险识别,并对结构洞与获取信息的数量之间关系起调节作用.文章讨论了研究结果的理论贡献与实践启发.     

Characteristics of atmospheric PM2.5 in stands and non-forest cover sites across urban-rural areas in Beijing,China

Urban Ecosystems - Monitoring air pollution at a city scale is essential for controlling urban air pollution in cities, especially megacities, in China. In this paper, data for 1 city center site...     

The reproductive health indices and sex hormone levels in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the age-related recession trajectory of reproductive health indices in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiashan County, Zhejiang in 2012. Healthy men between 40 and 80 years of age were considered eligible for the study. Physical examination and the sex hormones were measured. The subjects were assessed based on the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) for Erectile Dysfunction (ED), and Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) scale for Symptomatic Late-Onset Hypogonadism (SLOH).

Results: TG showed a decrease at age 60 years. Testis volume and TT did not show significant difference among the four age groups; cFT began to decrease at age 50 years and Bio-T decreased faster at age 50 years. SHBG and LH increased faster at age 50 and 70 years, respectively. IIEF5 score decrease faster at age 60 years. AMS scores increased faster at age 70 years. With the increase in age, the symptoms of ED and SLOH became severer.

Conclusion: Different indices on reproductive health of men showed turning points at different ages. At first, androgenic sex hormones decreased faster, and then erectile dysfunction got severer, and the last overall male syndromes declined.     

Culturally responsive teaching in China: instructional strategy and teachers’ attitudes

The aim of this study was to investigate the manner in which teachers facilitate the pedagogical process within a culturally diverse student population. The study focused on two primary schools in China; one located in a more fully developed city in eastern China (Case A), while the other was in a less developed city in rural western China (Case B). This allowed the researchers to compare and analyse the different instructional practices by means of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The findings indicate that: the teachers in Case A demonstrated overall affirmative attitudes towards ethnic minority cultures, as well as towards the students belonging to those cultures. However, the teachers also chose not to mention the specific ethnic identities and cultural differences of the students during the course of their instruction in order to ensure equal treatment for everyone. This leads to a kind of ‘cultural blindness’ in the classroom. In Case B, opinions regarding minority cultures were more varied. Compared with the teachers in Case A, more teachers in Case B found minority cultures to be inferior to the dominant Han culture. Some teachers also, counter intuitively, were of the opinion that the minority cultures were even superior. At the instructional level, school leadership developed courses on local culture and ethnicity for the teaching staff. This was done for a variety of reasons. The strongest evidence to support culturally responsive teaching in Case A does not stem from teaching and learning demands but from the necessity to pursue characteristics that make them distinctive from other schools at the same time, Case B’s practice of culturally responsive teaching was strongly supported by the government and UNICEF. Teachers in both schools indicated that they had integrated their knowledge of ethnic minority groups into the subject matter when it was necessary.     

Third-Person Effect,Religiosity and Support for Censorship of Satirical Religious Cartoons

The violent attack on the staff of Charlie Hebdo and an earlier plot to kill cartoonists from the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten raise the issue of censorship of satirical religious cartoons to avoid potential retaliatory violence from those offended by the cartoons. With third-person effect (TPE) as the theoretical underpinning, this study examined the relationship among TPE, religiosity, and support for censorship of religious satirical cartoons. Data were collected in May 2015. A national sample of participants (N=374) was acquired through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. The results show that individuals with a higher degree of religiosity are more likely to support censorship of satirical religious cartoons, and though TPE is not positively correlated to support for censorship, respondents’ perception of the effect of the cartoons on themselves may indicate an increased propensity for supporting censorship.     

北京人口和产业政策的经济影响分析——利用扩展的投入产出模型

本文分析北京控制人口增长和产业政策引发的经济影响,通过延伸的北京投入产出模型计算最终需求(产出、收入、税收和GDP)乘数和产出驱动(产出、收入、税收和GDP)乘数,测算北京人口控制和产业疏解引发的经济影响和土地开发限制引发的经济影响。分析结果显示,无论是人口控制、产业疏解,还是土地开发限制,对北京的经济影响都是相当显著的,计算的主要经济指标(分行业的产出、收入、税收和GDP)的绝对值和增长率都表明了这个结论。因此,北京在控制人口和疏解产业的同时,需要采取相应的措施来消除控制城市增长的人口和产业政策带来的税收、收入等负面影响。     

基于土地开发权分享的旧厂房改造策略研究——厦门的政策回顾及其改进

"三旧"改造作为盘活存量土地、破解征地拆迁难的政策,突破了政府主导土地再开发的局限性,其政策核心是政府与原土地使用权人分享土地再开发权。基于厦门的旧厂房改造政策设计与规划实践,分析政府和企业在旧厂房再开发中的利益关系。提出按照土地再开发权分享的原则,进行政策设计,包括改造用途的限定,提供"菜单式"的改造模式和利益分享方案。对三年来旧厂房改造政策的实施成效进行评估,分析其存在的问题,进而提出下一步工作改进策略建议。     

清代山西城市发展特征初探——以江苏省为参照

以城市史为观察视角,参照近代以来开埠城市较多的江苏省模式,清代山西城市发展呈现出三个明显特征：一是属内城市获得一定程度的发展,但与商品经济比较发达的省份相比,却略显滞后,区域经济间的不平衡性比较明显。二是顺应历史发展趋势,在属内主要城市兴办了一些近代化项目,但与沿海沿江省份相比,却表现出一定的滞后性。三是近代以来的城乡关系虽比以前呈现出一定的流动性,但由于城市发展动力不足,其应有的聚集功能远未发挥出来。     

浅析高校女教工在山西转型跨越发展中的使命

在山西＂十二五＂转型跨越发展的过程中,高等教育在推动区域科技进步与产业转化、为区域经济发展提供智力与技术支持、为区域经济发展奠定软环境基础等方面都具有重要作用。而随着数量、素质的不断提高、结构比例的持续优化,作为具有合素质较好、知识层次较高、创新能力较强、社会影响较大等特点的高校女教工群体更应该在人才培养、科学研究、社会服务等诸多方面,充分发挥其作用,为推动山西转型跨越发展做出更大的贡献。     

加强“多方沟通”,构建“以人为本”学生评教体系

本文指出学生评教应通过加强＂多方沟通＂,构建＂以人为本＂的学生评教体系,从而真正起到促进教师的专业发展和提高教学质量的作用。