A counterexample to a conjecture of Schwartz

In 1990, motivated by applications in the social sciences, Thomas Schwartz made a conjecture about tournaments which would have had numerous attractive consequences. In particular, it implied that there is no tournament with a partition A, B of its vertex set, such that every transitive subset of A is in the out-neighbour set of some vertex in B, and vice versa. But in fact there is such a tournament, as we show in this article, and so Schwartz’ conjecture is false. Our proof is non-constructive and uses the probabilistic method.     

文化生态保护的几点理论思考

以闽南文化生态保护区为例,提出几点理论思考:区分文化遗产保护和文化生态保护;在尊重历史性前提下,认识文化保护的当下性持质;处理好文化传承与发展的关系;既要考虑文化生态保护理论的普世性,又要结合理论对象的特殊性,具体问题具体分析.     

Till Death Do Us Part: Marital Status and U.S. Mortality Trends, 1986 – 2000

Although the association of being married and a lower mortality rate has been well established, most previous research on marital status and mortality did not consider potential change in this relationship over time. In this study, I adopted a survey cohort perspective to examine both overall and cause‐specific mortality trends by marital status from 1986 to 2000 in the United States. On the basis of data from the National Health Interview Survey‐Longitudinal Mortality Follow‐up (N = 517,314), I found that mortality generally decreased or remained stable for the married from the 1986 to 2000 NHIS cohort, except for diabetes deaths. There is evidence showing divergent mortality trends between the married and unmarried, especially the widowed. Race and gender variations are examined.     

On misspecification of the dispersion matrix in mixed linear models

The general mixed linear model can be written y = Xβ + Zu + e, where β is a vector of fixed effects, u is a vector of random effects and e is a vector of random errors. In this note, we mainly aim at investigating the general necessary and sufficient conditions under which the best linear unbiased estimator for \varvec r(\varvec l, \varvec m) = \varvec l\varvec ￠\varvec b+\varvec m\varvec ￠\varvec u{\varvec \varrho}({\varvec l}, {\varvec m}) = {\varvec l}{\varvec '}{\varvec \beta}+{\varvec m}{\varvec '}{\varvec u} is also optimal under the misspecified model. In addition, we offer approximate conclusions in some special situations including a random regression model.     

A study of DEA models without explicit inputs

In performance evaluations, data without explicit inputs (such as index data, pure output data) are widely used. To directly use such data, this paper presents a study on building DEA models without explicit inputs, so-called DEA-WEI models, which are applicable to the evaluation applications where inputs are not directly considered. We provide an axiom foundation of these kinds of models, and further discuss how to incorporate value judgments of decision makers into these DEA-WEI models. Several such models are derived. Finally, applications of the DEA-WEI models are presented.     

20世纪30年代苏区的疫病流行及其防治

20世纪30年代苏区党和政府面对严重的疫病流行,采取了一系列积极的应对举措,有效地控制了疫病的流行和蔓延,并且积累了丰富的防疫经验,为其后陕甘宁边区及新中国的卫生防疫事业奠定了牢固的基础。     

司空图《诗赋(赞)》考论

司空图的《诗赋(赞)》由于文本异文的存在,以及句法和取喻的的不循常规,一直存在着理解上的分歧。通过文字校勘、文理疏通,可以发现《诗赋(赞)》是一篇蕴含很深的诗学哲学文献,非诗诗和未为奇奇是富有老子哲学智慧的诗学命题,文中河浑沇清论诗人性情风格之大要基于上述诗学命题;邻女、鼠革、蚁聚三喻包含着对当时诗风的严厉批评;历诋自是、正反对比是《诗赋(赞)》的立论思路;《诗赋(赞)》与《二十四诗品》存在一定的相关性。     

社会观与人性论:涂尔干社会整合范式的前提预设

18、19世纪的法国社会呈现出一盘散沙的原子化状态,为此,保守主义与激进的马克思主义都主张对当前的资本主义制度及其意识形态进行根本性的批判与改革;与之相反,涂尔干从自己的社会观与人性论出发提出以理性化的世俗道德重建法国社会的道德体系。     

论县域经济"亚核心"发展的实现途径

县域经济作为资源有限的边缘区域,受中心区极化作用的影响,资源不断向中心区集聚,县域经济长期处于边缘位置,难以实现快速发展.县域经济发展必须在特定领域,在一定程度上摆脱对中心区的依附,自己形成在特定经济部门、特定产业领域、特定生产环节相对独立的农业、工业、服务业的产业体系,形成所在边缘区的次级核心,享受局域极化效果的利益,实现快速、健康发展的目的.具体途径有:一是通过特定农产品的产业化实现;二是通过特定工业产品生产体系的构建;三是通过特定服务产品供给体系的构建.     

当前深化干部人事制度改革的实践路径探析

为适应新形势新任务的需要,深化干部人事制度改革,必须深入探讨一些全局性、前瞻性、基础性问题。本文围绕干部的选拔任用、考核评价、管理监督、激励保障,从十个方面探析当前干部人事制度改革的实践路径。这些路径彼此交错,紧密联系,相互影响,共同作用,旨在理解和把握《规划纲要》确定的原则、目标和主要任务,坚持正确方向,推进干部人事制度改革向纵深发展。