A comparison of classification models to identify the Fragile X Syndrome

The main models of machine learning are briefly reviewed and considered for building a classifier to identify the Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). We have analyzed 172 patients potentially affected by FXS in Andalusia (Spain) and, by means of a DNA test, each member of the data set is known to belong to one of two classes: affected, not affected. The whole predictor set, formed by 40 variables, and a reduced set with only nine predictors significantly associated with the response are considered. Four alternative base classification models have been investigated: logistic regression, classification trees, multilayer perceptron and support vector machines. For both predictor sets, the best accuracy, considering both the mean and the standard deviation of the test error rate, is achieved by the support vector machines, confirming the increasing importance of this learning algorithm. Three ensemble methods - bagging, random forests and boosting - were also considered, amongst which the bagged versions of support vector machines stand out, especially when they are constructed with the reduced set of predictor variables. The analysis of the sensitivity, the specificity and the area under the ROC curve agrees with the main conclusions extracted from the accuracy results. All of these models can be fitted by free R programs.     

苏州地铁某车站深基坑围护结构监测分析

对苏州地铁某车站明挖基坑施工进行跟踪监测，及时掌握围护结构变形、支撑内力的变化动态，以指导施工确保基坑稳定。经过对比分析基坑有、无加固措施的变形和支撑内力的变化特征表明：基坑外水泥土搅拌桩加固措施的设置，可以有效地减小围护结构的水平变形，并且能够阻碍边坡滑移破坏面的发展，减小作用于地下连续墙上面的土压力，使得内支撑上的最大轴力减小。     

2007中国经济特区论坛暨纪念香港回归10周年研讨会综述

2007年6月5-6日,由教育部省属高校人文社会科学重点研究基地深圳大学中国经济特区研究中心主办的"2007中国经济特区论坛暨纪念香港回归10周年学术研讨会"在深圳大学召开。新华社香港分社原副社长、浙江大学原党委书记张浚生,原深圳     

当代大学生消费状况调查报告——以河北科技师范学院为例

论文在河北科技师范学院大学生消费状况的调查资料基础上,分析了当代大学生的消费结构、消费特点以及存在的问题,并提出了以下几点建议:大学生自己要树立合理的消费观念,父母要注重培养孩子正确的消费观念,高校要健全奖学金和贷款等方面的管理制度,社会要规范大学生的消费市场秩序.     

对供应商自建经销渠道的思考

供应商与零售商的矛盾长期存在。当前,供应商自建经销渠道、零售商发展自有品牌是各自的重要对策。供应商通过自建经销渠道掌控市场、维护自身品牌,但也存在弊端。对此,应该从政府、供应商自身以及行业协会等方面积极采取现实可行的措施,建立和谐的零供关系。     

守望乡土：人口快速城镇化不能损害三农发展

人口城镇化是经济社会现代化的重要方向、重要机制和重要成果。但城镇化的速度和模式一定要遵循客观规律,既不能“拔苗助长”(典型如“被城镇化”),也不能“顾此失彼”(突出如以农村凋敝为代价换取城镇的发展),我称之为“快速城镇化陷阱”。我国的新型城镇化应该新在质量高、效益好,而不是速度快、新城多。当下中国正处于城镇化大跃进的阶段,城镇化冲动极其强烈,2012年,常住人口城镇化率达到52.57%,户籍人口城镇化率只有35.14%,正处在城镇化发展规律S曲线30%-70%的加速通道上。速度太快了,容易失衡和断裂,掉入“快速城镇化陷阱”,这显然有违我国城镇化之初衷。     

塔吉克语的使用与保护——来自新疆塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县的调查

中国的塔吉克族在历史发展中逐渐丧失了自己本民族的文字,成为我国有语言而无文字的特殊民族之一。在长期发展过程中,受民族分布格局和人文环境等因素的影响,塔吉克民族在语言使用上普遍呈现多语化的现象。"天生的翻译家"——这一特殊身份不仅是对塔吉克民族自身文化适应性的反映,也从某种程度上反映了塔吉克民族在多元文化中的弱势和无奈。如何在经济文化发展的浪潮中保存塔吉克族的语言,不仅引起了学者的关注,也成为塔吉克民族自身不断反思的问题。基于塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县的调查,就此问题进行了探讨。     

“THE WAR FOR THE FARE”: HOW DRIVER COMPENSATION AFFECTS BUS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

Prior to 2007, two systems of bus driver compensation coexisted in Santiago, Chile: one paid drivers per passenger transported, while the other paid a fixed wage. Per‐passenger drivers engaged in “The War for the Fare,” altering their driving patterns to compete for passengers. Examining these systems on similar routes in Santiago, we observed two key findings. Compared with the fixed‐wage system, the per‐passenger system leads to (1) 13% shorter passenger wait times, via reduced bunching of buses and (2) 67% more accidents per kilometer driven, via more aggressive driving. We discuss implications for the design of incentives in public transit. (JEL L92, M52, R41)     

论宋初体

宋初体是由刘熙载首先提出的与瘦硬体相区别的一个词体概念,它主要指宋初时由词人群体写作集团所构成的词体范畴。从其词人构成来说,宋初体词人属于松散的士大夫词人集团,却有着近似的时代特征,一是承传着早期文人词的某些特点,书写士大夫的怀抱;二是效仿花间,词写艳科,从而具有了花间和早期文人词的双重品格。宋初体体现了北宋士大夫群体觉醒前夕的词体状态,为晏欧体等的出现,奠定了基础。另外,就应体特征而言,花间体主要是为宫廷贵族的应制应歌,宋初体呈现应制应歌向应社的转型,瘦硬体则实现应社之特征。宋初体与瘦硬体无论在词人的创作动机、词体特征、词史地位等方面都存在种种差异,正是在这一意义上,生年晚于瘦硬体代表人物张先的宋祁被归入宋初体词人阵营。