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171.
Many sociologists have suggested that the dominant paradigm in sociology ignores the environment, which accounts for the fact
that environmental sociology is poorly represented in sociology’s mainstream journals. The purpose of this article is to test
this assumption empirically by examining the coverage of environmental sociology in nine mainstream sociology journals from
1969 through 1994. The nine journals are separated into two tiers, representing higher and lower prestige journals. Each environmental
article is categorized by its area (attitudes and behaviors, environmental movement, political economy, risk, and “new human
ecology”) and whether it involves “sociology of the environmental issues” (the application of standard sociological perspectives
to environmental issues) or “core environmental sociology” (the examination of societal-environmental relationships). We find
that less than two percent of all articles published in the sampled journals in the twenty-five-year period of study were
environmental, and that the higher tier journals were less likely to publish environmental articles than were the lower tier
journals. Environmental articles were more likely to be part of “core environmental sociology” after 1981 than they were “sociology
of the environmental issues,” which suggests a greater recognition among both environmental sociologists and journal reviewers
that human societies are ecosystem-dependent. The number of environmental articles increased in the 1990s, portending a fruitful
period for sociologists specializing on the environment. We argue that the broader field of sociology can benefit by recognizing
the linkages environmental sociology has to other sociological specializations and that, ultimately, sociology needs to be
able to address environmental variables in order to understand society.
Naomi T. Krogman’s primary interest is in stakeholder framing of environmental disputes and natural resource policy change.
She is currently a research sociologist at the Center for Socioeconomic Research at the University of Southwestern Louisiana
and adjunct faculty in the Department of Sociology, University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504-0198.
JoAnne DeRouen Darlington is a research sociologist focusing on social change and community sustainability emerging from the
disastrous interactions between society and the environment. She is currently employed with the Natural Hazards Research Center,
Campus Box 482, Boulder, CO 80309. 相似文献
172.
173.
Kiri A. Latuskie Naomi C.Z. Andrews Mary Motz Tom Leibson Zubin Austin Shinya Ito Debra J. Pepler 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2019,32(1):e57-e64
Background
Substance use during pregnancy is a major public health concern, stemming from potential physical and psychosocial harms to both the mother and child.Purpose
To understand women’s experiences using substances during pregnancy and the reasons that women continue and/or discontinue using substances.Methods
Focus groups were conducted with women who attended an early intervention program for pregnant or parenting women with substance use issues.Results
Women identified that external and internal stressors, feelings of guilt and low-self efficacy, and a lack of understanding of the scientific and medical consequences of substance use contributed to their continued substance use. Conversely, women highlighted the importance of high self-efficacy and the quality of relationships when trying to make positive changes to their substance use during pregnancy.Conclusions
Recommendations are proposed for easier access to and more comprehensive services. Healthcare professionals and service providers should offer non-judgmental care by building high-quality relationships with pregnant women with substance use issues, to increase these women’s self-efficacy and empower them to discontinue substance use. 相似文献174.
Ito Takehiro Mizuta Haruka Nishimura Naomi Suzuki Akira 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2022,43(5):1264-1279
Journal of Combinatorial Optimization - Suppose that we are given an independent set $$I_0$$ of a graph G, and an integer $$l\ge 0$$ . Then, we are asked to find an independent set of G having the... 相似文献
175.
Naomi Altman & Christian Léger 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology》1997,59(1):205-216
Several estimators of squared prediction error have been suggested for use in model and bandwidth selection problems. Among these are cross-validation, generalized cross-validation and a number of related techniques based on the residual sum of squares. For many situations with squared error loss, e.g. nonparametric smoothing, these estimators have been shown to be asymptotically optimal in the sense that in large samples the estimator minimizing the selection criterion also minimizes squared error loss. However, cross-validation is known not to be asymptotically optimal for some `easy' location problems. We consider selection criteria based on estimators of squared prediction risk for choosing between location estimators. We show that criteria based on adjusted residual sum of squares are not asymptotically optimal for choosing between asymptotically normal location estimators that converge at rate n 1/2 but are when the rate of convergence is slower. We also show that leave-one-out cross-validation is not asymptotically optimal for choosing between √ n -differentiable statistics but leave- d -out cross-validation is optimal when d ∞ at the appropriate rate. 相似文献
176.
While it is widely understood that faculty in various disciplines tend to publish at different rates and in different forms, knowledge of these differences is too limited to facilitate systematically differentiated performance appraisal and reward systems. In this study, theory concerning knowledge production system characteristics as influences on individual performance is applied to academic research occupations using a classification scheme developed by Biglan [4]. Regression analysis is applied to a general (industry-wide) sample of United States faculty, with publishing patterns as performance measures. Each dimension of the classification scheme is found to have predictive validity. Output patterns are consistent with a conceptualization of research occupations in terms of (1) transformational/technological processes, (2) research mission, and (3) input/subject matter characteristics. The results offer a basis for generating disciplinary publishing norms and differentiated reward systems. 相似文献