Interdisciplinary research at the Urban–Rural interface: The West ga project

As human populations increase, ecological and social issues become inextricably linked to a greater degree. Solutions to complex social–ecological problems can only be derived through the use of integrated research that can account for the interplay of many factors across traditional discipline lines. We are using such an integrated research to clarify relationships among socioeconomic drivers, ecological effects, and social and policy feedbacks associated with urban development of forested landscapes. Our approach is goal oriented and interdisciplinary in nature and involves a team composed of ecologists, anthropologists, and economists who exchange ideas and information across disciplinary lines. The team and approach has evolved through many of the barriers to interdisciplinary research that have been identified by other authors. Our goal is to develop a predictive capability in order to anticipate ecological and social implications of urban development on natural resources in the southeastern United States. Our integrated model and subsequent papers in this special issue are presented.     

语文教育传统的本体论哲学批评

中西哲学最重要的差别乃在于中国传统哲学没有产生西方哲学的概念形而上学观念,即中国哲学没有西方哲学所特有的"本体论"。中国哲学具有"受指主义"的精神气质,这对我国语文教育的传统乃至人的精神气质产生了深刻的影响。中国语文教育的哲学气质最根本的一点,就是缺乏奠基在语言的逻辑性之上的独立的理性精神。现代语文教育应呼唤健康的理性精神。     

高校实践教学基地建设探讨

探讨了高校实践教学基地建设的技术条件及其实施和运行管理的相关内容     

语言损耗研究的理论框架及途径

语言损耗研究在国外已经有三十多年的历史,在理论方面建立了许多相对完整的框架和独特的研究途径。早期语言损耗研究主要来源于心理学研究中的记忆和遗忘的观点,20世纪90年代以来,开始借助于认知语言学,最近几年,许多学者开始从社会语言学视角研究语言损耗。通过对语言损耗研究的退化假说、提取失败假说、储存范式假说、重新学习假说、中介语假说、普遍语法途径和社会语言学途径等几个重要理论模式所做的介绍,以及对我国现在的语言损耗研究所做的初步总结,我们认为,我国语言损耗研究应该吸收国外的研究成果,并据此开展这一领域的研究。     

Detection of biotic responses to urbanization using fish assemblages from small streams of western Georgia,USA

We examined relationships between stream fish assemblages and land use alteration associated with urbanization in 15 lower Piedmont watersheds along an urbanization gradient north of Columbus, western Georgia. Based on land cover data from 2002 Landsat 7 TM imagery aerial photos, streams drained watersheds that were largely urban, developing (suburban), agricultural (pasture), managed pine forest, and unmanaged mixed-forest. We quantified fish seasonally from 3 run-pool segments in each stream, and used a variety of metrics as response variables in analyses of relationships between fish assemblage structure and land use and natural basin variation. In general, Georgia-Index of Biotic Integrity (GA-IBI) values, Bray-Curtis faunal similarity of streams to mean conditions within reference streams, proportions of fish as lithophilic spawners, and fish lacking eroded fins, lesions, tumors decreased with increasing urbanization. Multiple regression indicated that assemblages were explained by a combination of land use and natural basin variables (basin size, average discharge, nearest distance to a larger downstream tributary [colonization source]), with land use variables being important predictors of summer assemblages and natural basin variables being more important in winter and spring assemblages. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinations revealed strong separation between assemblages in urban watersheds and forested watersheds, whereas assemblages in agricultural and developing watersheds were intermediate between those in urban and forested watersheds. Our data suggest that fish are reliable indicators of anthropogenic disturbance at the landscape scale, at least seasonally, and may be used to forecast the magnitude of landscape-level changes in stream structure and function associated with the conversion of forests to urban/suburban land in the Southeast.     

关于鲁迅与日本近代自然主义文学的问题--从成仿吾《〈呐喊〉的评论》谈起

作为现代文学的经典作品,<呐喊>已经定格在历史性的排行榜的最前列.很多时候,人们在阅读思考这部作品之前,已经深陷于"历史定论"的支配和影响中,而容易失去独立自主的审美判断眼光.成仿吾在<呐喊>出版不久后,提出<呐喊>可以溯源到日本近代自然主义文学,而今人却轻易地一概把它视为是对鲁迅的严重非礼.其实,<呐喊>与日本自然主义文学至少在形式格调上有不少相似之处,成仿吾的意见并非仅是"挑刺"和"非难".日本的自然主义起源于法国自然主义,但并未继承左拉的真谛.<呐喊>看上去近似日本文学,但其深层的对民族文化的思考、对国人"人性"的怀疑和诘问,又画开了它与日本文学的天然不同.成仿吾没有读透这一点,并非是他的浅薄.时间、阅历、功夫是解读鲁迅的先决条件,这同样也适用于成仿吾.     

新时期我国村规民约的完善

村规民约作为我国民间法的一种形式在历史和当今都起着重要的"法"的调控功能,是我国基层民主和乡村自治的一种重要方式。考察我国村规民约的演变、现代特征及现实作用,结合民间法理论和村民自治制度,以社会主义新农村建设为时代背景,对村规民约中存在的问题进行分析,并在制定程序、执行程序、审查监督、普法教育等方面提出完善建议。     

Bayesian Analysis of Two-Regime Threshold Autoregressive Moving Average Model with Exogenous Inputs

We consider Bayesian analysis of threshold autoregressive moving average model with exogenous inputs (TARMAX). In order to obtain the desired marginal posterior distributions of all parameters including the threshold value of the two-regime TARMAX model, we use two different Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to apply Gibbs sampler with Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. The first one is used to obtain iterative least squares estimates of the parameters. The second one includes two MCMC stages for estimate the desired marginal posterior distributions and the parameters. Simulation experiments and a real data example show support to our approaches.     

Quasi-maximum exponential likelihood estimation for a non stationary GARCH(1,1) model

ABSTRACT

This article investigates a quasi-maximum exponential likelihood estimator(QMELE) for a non stationary generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH(1,1)) model. Asymptotic normality of this estimator is derived under a non stationary condition. A simulation study and a real example are given to evaluate the performance of QMELE for this model.