汉语字词与英语语词理据比较

语言系统有内部理据和外部理据。研究语词理据,可揭示词的表达形式与词义之间的某种内在联系。作者循着语言系统内部理据的线索,从音义、形义联系的角度和历史发展的角度对汉语字、词理据与英语语词理据进行了比较,探讨了它们的典型特征,认为汉语字、词与英语词的理据既具有共同性又具有差异性。根据语言系统外部理据线索,探讨了社会发展对理据的影响及其在认知方法如:视角、突显、细化、整合和序列方面的不同的表现。     

不完全信息：战略性贸易政策理论的前沿综述

战略性贸易政策要求政府对垄断竞争行为、成本结构以及需求条件拥有详细知识。然而，实际上并不存在这样拥有完全信息的政府。本文在对不完全信息下的战略眭贸易政策的相关文献进行全面梳理的基础上，总结了该领域研究的成果和不足，并透析了未来可能的研究方向。     

网格化：现代城市管理新模式——网格化城市管理模式若干问题初探

网格化城市管理模式是在"数字城市"迅速建设与发展的背景下产生的新型城市管理模式,是城市管理工作的新突破.网格化城市不仅是现代信息技术在城市管理领域的集中应用,而且为城市管理理念提供了新的范式.     

彰显城市个性 打造特色城市

无论是在全球经济一体化推进过程中,还是在地区(国家)经济发展战略中,城市总是处在一个个战略节点上,其作用是支撑和推动性的,而要使这种作用发挥得更好,加快城市化进程就成为必然.     

试析马利坦的文学创造二元论

世界和作家是促使文学创造活动得以发生的两个基本元素,关于这两个基本元素的关系,文论史上先后出现了两种主要的观点.一种是一元独霸论,另一种是二元平衡论.代表一元独霸论的文学本质观是模仿论和表现论,它因其只强调一元、侧重一面而具有片面性.以马利坦为代表的二元平衡理论,则力求在主体和客体之间寻找一个平衡点,通过建立一种新型的平等互动关系,来揭示文艺的本质.这一理论对于解决艺术本质的主客观矛盾具有一定的启发意义.     

北京市未来流动人口发展趋势及调控思路

流动人口是北京市社会经济发展所面临的重大人口问题之一。本文运用多状态人口预测方法,在不同流动人口户籍转换率的条件下,通过多方案的比较,探讨了流动人口的规模和结构对未来北京市人口规模、结构和老龄化的影响及其程度;文章最后还根据前面的分析结果对流动人口的调控思路做了初步的探讨。     

Instrumental relationships and high expectations: exploring critical care in two Latino community‐based schools

Using in‐depth interviewing, participant observations, and the review of historical and curricular documents, this paper describes and analyzes two Latino community‐based small high schools—the Dr Pedro Albizu Campos High School (PACHS) and El Puente Academy for Peace and Justice (El Puente). The findings suggest that these schools are successful because they foment a culture of high academic expectations for their students, value high‐quality interpersonal relationships between students and teachers, and privilege the funds of knowledge that students and their respective communities bring to school. Based on these findings, a theory of critical care emerges that embodies these necessary conditions if small high schools created for and by communities of color are to succeed. Finally, the implications of this theory of critical care and its impact are discussed within the framework of small urban high school reform in the US.     

Assessing the treatment effect in a randomized controlled trial with extensive non‐adherence: the EVOLVE trial

Intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis is widely used to establish efficacy in randomized clinical trials. However, in a long‐term outcomes study where non‐adherence to study drug is substantial, the on‐treatment effect of the study drug may be underestimated using the ITT analysis. The analyses presented herein are from the EVOLVE trial, a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, event‐driven cardiovascular outcomes study conducted to assess whether a treatment regimen including cinacalcet compared with placebo in addition to other conventional therapies reduces the risk of mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients receiving hemodialysis with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Pre‐specified sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the impact of non‐adherence on the estimated effect of cinacalcet. These analyses included lag‐censoring, inverse probability of censoring weights (IPCW), rank preserving structural failure time model (RPSFTM) and iterative parameter estimation (IPE). The relative hazard (cinacalcet versus placebo) of mortality and major cardiovascular events was 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.85, 1.02) using the ITT analysis; 0.85 (0.76, 0.95) using lag‐censoring analysis; 0.81 (0.70, 0.92) using IPCW; 0.85 (0.66, 1.04) using RPSFTM and 0.85 (0.75, 0.96) using IPE. These analyses, while not providing definitive evidence, suggest that the intervention may have an effect while subjects are receiving treatment. The ITT method remains the established method to evaluate efficacy of a new treatment; however, additional analyses should be considered to assess the on‐treatment effect when substantial non‐adherence to study drug is expected or observed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国城市文化印象与发展瞻望

十七届五中全会提出：“文化是一个民族的精神和灵魂,是国家发展和民族振兴的强大力量”,“要推动文化大发展大繁荣”,“增强文化发展活力”,“满足人民群众不断增长的精神文化需求”,“建设中华民族共有的精神家园”。城市是国家政治、经济、社会与文化发展的集中体现,是人们的物质生活与精神生活、物质文明与精神文明形象而具体的反映。