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281.
282.
Ronald R. Rindfuss David K. Guilkey Barbara Entwisle Aphichat Chamratrithirong Yothin Sawangdee 《Population research and policy review》1996,15(4):341-368
This paper incorporates the insights of the life course perspective in an examination of the determinants of contraceptive use. It views decision-making about contraceptive methods in the context of personal history and the broader social setting. Three stages in the reproductive life course of married women are considered. In the early years, timing decisions dominate. Contraception is used to delay the first birth and control the tempo of fertility. Mid-career, the major concern is whether to have a sterilizing operation. Towards the end of the fecund period, couples must decide when to stop using contraception, given that they have not already opted for sterilization. We examine choice among nonpermanent methods, as well as sterilization, in the context of a theoretical model that explicitly recognizes the permanence of the sterilization decision. Our statistical procedures control for unobserved community influences. The data are from Nang Rong district, Thailand, a relatively poor area near the Cambodian border under going substantial socioeconomic change during the 1980s. Our results clearly show variation in method choice over the reproductive life course, and variation in the effects of specific determinants including age of husband and wife, living arrangements, and village location. They also demonstrate gains in the understanding of any particular stage in the life course that accrue from an integrated examination of all of them. 相似文献
283.
Barbara?EntwisleEmail author Stephen?J.?Walsh Ronald?R.?Rindfuss Leah?K.?VanWey 《Population and environment》2005,26(6):449-470
This paper estimates village-level models of the effects of population variables on the area devoted to upland crop production in Nang Rong district, Thailand. The expansion of upland crops is part of the growth of market agriculture in Nang Rong, and a correlate of deforestation in this setting, The results show that population density (measured as density of village settlement) negatively affects area in upland crops while population growth has a positive effect. Changes in land use associated with population change appear to radiate outward from nuclear village centers. As cash economies are established in rural settings, household formation requires a source of income as well as a subsistence stake. Growth in the population of households is a stronger predictor of the area in upland crops than growth in the number of persons. 相似文献
284.
Melissa M. Grigione Prabir Burman Sarah Clavio Steve J. Harper Denara Manning Ronald J. Sarno 《Urban Ecosystems》2011,14(4):655-663
Coyotes (Canis latrans) arrived to Florida (USA) in the 1960s and are currently found throughout most of the state. The purpose of this study was
to determine if the diet of Florida coyotes differed between suburban and wildland habitat types or across seasons. Fresh
coyote fecal samples were collected from wildland and suburban habitats in Pinellas County, Florida (USA; 27°54′N, 82°41′W)
from May 2005 to March 2007. Diet items in the 49 wildland and 71 suburban samples were identified to the lowest possible
taxonomic level by gross morphological characteristics and medullary configurations of dorsal guard hairs. A Poisson regression
was utilized to determine the main and interactive effects of habitat and season on the number of different food items per
sample. Coyotes in the wildland habitat had greater diet diversity than suburban coyotes. In addition, anthropogenic waste
was recovered over twice as often from coyote fecal samples collected in the suburban habitat. In the wildland habitat, vegetative
matter (96%), Insecta (53%), and Rodentia (45%) were recovered most often, as opposed to berries (56%) and Lagomorpha (32%) in the suburban habitat. In both habitats, vegetative matter, berries, and Lagomorpha were recovered most often from coyote fecal samples, whereas Odocoileus virginianus, Lagomorpha, and berries varied the most between wet and dry seasons. This study suggests that as urbanization increases, diet diversity
for the coyote will likely decrease and consumption of anthropogenic items will likely increase. As a result of this, human–coyote
conflicts may become more common—particularly in counties, like Pinellas, that are undergoing urbanization. 相似文献
285.
286.
Cornelius B. Pratt Eddy A. Ademosu Wole Adamolekun Lanre Alabi Ronald L. Carr 《Public Relations Review》2011,37(1):71-73
An ongoing crisis of confidence in the banking and financial industry in Nigeria's emerging economy calls for using integrated marketing communications (IMC) in optimizing five potentially normative actions as a beachhead in procuring corporate benefits from three variables that predict significantly customers’ favorable impressions of business: satisfaction, trust, relationship commitment. The actions: (a) personalize the stakeholder experience, (b) integrate ethics into the workplace and into corporate communications, (c) participate in training sessions in applied ethics, (d) use brandstanding expansively and integratively, and (e) conduct rigorous outcomes assessment and disseminate its results promptly to stakeholders. 相似文献
287.
Summary We explore the relationship between transition probabilities in the Leslie model and those derived from experimental cumulative
distributions. The nature of the two kinds of probabilities are discussed, and a formula derived for converting from one to
the other. A numerical example is given to illustrate the differences. 相似文献
288.
AGENCY, STRUCTURE, AND THE TRANSITION TO DISABILITY: A CASE STUDY WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR LIFE HISTORY RESEARCH 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ronald J. Berger 《The Sociological quarterly》2008,49(2):309-333
If life history research is ever to truly fulfill the promise of the sociological imagination, it will need to engage insights from agency-structure theory that have hitherto been neglected. Relatively few life history researchers have explicitly interpreted their subject matter in terms of agency-structure theory, and those who do rarely go beyond Giddens' initial formulation to incorporate more recent theoretical developments. This article attempts to fill this gap, offering an exemplar theorized life history that frames an actor's experience in terms of agency-structure theory. More specifically, I examine the life history of a former urban gang member who was shot and paralyzed and subsequently became a world-class wheelchair athlete. I interpret the life history in terms of the iterative, projective, and practical-evaluative agentive processes that were operative—sometimes simultaneously—at different points in time; and show how this individual's adaptation to disability was influenced by enabling structural conditions that facilitated his agentive actions and by prior experiences he was able to transpose to his new circumstances. In doing so, I also indicate how the body is an essential part of social experience and the vehicle through which agency and structure are enacted. 相似文献
289.
The complex phenomenon that mergers and acquisitions (M&As) represent has attracted substantial interest from a variety of management disciplines over the past 30 years. Three primary streams of enquiry can be identified within the strategic and behavioural literature, which focus on the issues of strategic fit, organizational fit and the acquisition process itself. The recent achievements within each of these research streams are briefly reviewed. However, in parallel to these research advances, the failure rates of mergers and acquisitions have remained consistently high. Possible reasons for this dichotomy are discussed, which in turn highlight the significant opportunities that remain for future M&A research. 相似文献
290.
Ronald L. Mize 《Rural sociology》2006,71(1):85-108
Abstract Rural sociologists have seemingly moved away from an active interest in the plight of migrant farmworkers and the centrality of their labor in the development of U.S. agribusiness. Answering Pfeffer's (1983) call to analyze the different forms of agricultural production, I focus on the key formative period of what I refer to as the U.S. capitalist agricultural labor process. During the United States‐Mexico Bracero Program, 1942–1964, U.S. agribusiness employed a coercive factory regime, introduced mechanization and increased work hazards, and employed a dual wage structure to keep Mexican contract workers at a serious disadvantage to advance their own collective well‐being. This study relies upon archival and oral history research to challenge the existing theoretical approaches to the labor process in capitalist agriculture and provide a theoretical explanation that more closely relates to U.S. post‐war agricultural production. 相似文献