检察机关提起行政公益诉讼诉前阶段的检察监督机制研究

行政公益诉讼在我国是一项新生的制度,同时也是一项创新的制度。虽然行政公益诉讼已经初见成果,但是由于法律规定较为简略,检察机关在办案过程中缺乏具体的办案指南和操作细则,因而在推进行政公益诉讼工作的过程中存在着诸多问题。同样,检察机关在行政公益诉讼的诉前阶段也面临着许多现实困境,如案件线索的来源受限、检察建议的设置不明、调查核实的权力有限等,因而需要积极拓宽案件线索的来源、明确规范检察建议的设置、有效强化调查取证的刚性,以此来完善行政公益诉讼中诉前程序的检察监督机制。     

Sieve bootstrapping the memory parameter in long-range dependent stationary functional time series

We consider a sieve bootstrap procedure to quantify the estimation uncertainty of long-memory parameters in stationary functional time series. We use a semiparametric local Whittle estimator to estimate the long-memory parameter. In the local Whittle estimator, discrete Fourier transform and periodogram are constructed from the first set of principal component scores via a functional principal component analysis. The sieve bootstrap procedure uses a general vector autoregressive representation of the estimated principal component scores. It generates bootstrap replicates that adequately mimic the dependence structure of the underlying stationary process. We first compute the estimated first set of principal component scores for each bootstrap replicate and then apply the semiparametric local Whittle estimator to estimate the memory parameter. By taking quantiles of the estimated memory parameters from these bootstrap replicates, we can nonparametrically construct confidence intervals of the long-memory parameter. As measured by coverage probability differences between the empirical and nominal coverage probabilities at three levels of significance, we demonstrate the advantage of using the sieve bootstrap compared to the asymptotic confidence intervals based on normality.

     

Strategic Management of Operations in the Emergency Department

This study is based on the analysis of field data on the revenues and patient flows that we collected on all adult emergency department (ED) visits to a level‐1 trauma, tertiary referral center. Our objective was to provide researchers in operations a rich overview of the processes, resources, and metrics of financial and operations performance in the ED. We analyze how patients, physicians, hospitals/physician employer groups, and payers are party to the value created and financial workflow of the ED. A waterfall model for professional services revenue is developed that highlights the impacts of changes in processes, resources, scale, complexity, and mix of patients treated in the ED. We also discuss future implications of new compensation models and potential scenarios that will focus upon controlling costs while maximizing population health and patient satisfaction. These models will necessitate re‐engineering of operations in the ED from a strategic perspective. Four major thrusts for selecting the capacity portfolio in the ED operations to align the interests of all the stakeholders are recommended. New avenues for research are also identified.