Socialization of Physical and Social Aggression in Early Adolescents' Peer Groups: High‐status Peers,Individual Status,and Gender

The influence of high‐status peers on a target individual's physical and manipulative social aggression in peer groups was examined in a diverse sample of seventh‐grade students. A total of 245 individual members belonging to 65 groups were included in analyses. Aggression was assessed by peer and victim nominations in the fall and spring semesters of seventh grade. High‐status peers rather than low‐status peers in a group had a strong influence on individual members' physical and social aggression. High‐status peers were particularly influential on low‐status individual members' social aggression. A similar pattern was found for physical aggression in boys' groups. These findings imply that high‐status members' aggression rather than the average of all members' may better represent the group norm. Special attention needs to be given to high‐status aggressive adolescents in future intervention and prevention of aggression in schools.     

A note on maximum entropy spectrum estimation

This article studies the maximum entropy spectrum estimation. After a bnei discussion on iiow co select ciic appropriate constraints and tiie objec¬tive functions, we decide to choose the constraints containing only the first four sample moments and, consequently, to employ the second order spectral entropy as the objective function. The resulting (maximum entropy) spectral estimate is the power spectral density of an ARMA sequence. Examples for comparing our proposal with the traditional maximum entropy spectral estimate follow at the end.     

《楚辞·天问》所见姜太公事迹考——释"迁臧就岐,何能依?殷有惑妇,何所讥"

郭店楚简有关"吕望为臧"的事迹.为解释<天问>"迁臧就岐,何能依?殷有惑妇,何所讥"一节提供了重要依据,结合<庄子·田子方>篇相关记载,可以推知该节是对姜太公传说的记述.     

古老异域的“迷思”——读弗里德曼《中国宗族与社会:福建和广东》及其他

莫里斯·弗里德曼是一位从事中国研究的英国社会人类学家,他的研究主题涉及婚姻、家庭、宗族、民间宗教等诸多领域,其中,对中国东南地区宗族组织的卓越分析使他在英国社会人类学界声名鹊起,他在贯通人类学和汉学方面所做的不懈努力更是令人肃然起敬(Firth,     

推进高校改革和发展的若干思考

教育法制体系的逐步建立和完善 ,为教育的发展提供了强有力的法律保障。从新形势的角度 ,提出了高校教育改革和发展的几点思路 :(1 )党的领导是根本 ;(2 )民主办校是基础 ;(3)依法治校是途径     

20世纪中国文学史中的“无定本”现象

“无定本”是指由于删改行为所导致的文学文本改写形式 ,这一文本策略具有实验性、反讽性和实用性的多重效果。保持文学作品永恒无定本是 2 0世纪中国特殊历史条件下难以抗拒的文化需要 ,它既丰富了文学史的文化内涵 ,又模糊了文学史面目 ,从而对文学史叙述产生多方面影响。     

Supply Chain Models with Mutual Commitments and Implications for Social Responsibility

In today's increasingly globalized environment, more and more companies recognize the mutual dependence of supply chain partners in value creation. When making business decisions, they take into consideration their partners’ bottom line profitability, especially in emerging markets. The question is, is this kind of practice sustainable? This study makes an attempt to formalize this issue by examining a stylized two‐party supply chain model in which each player maximizes its own profit while making a certain commitment to its partner. We compare five different games between the two supply‐chain partners, which reflect different power positions of the players and different levels of commitment. We identify conditions under which both players are better off with mutual commitments than without, a situation we call win–win. We show that win–win can be achieved if and only if the mutual commitments are comparable. Thus, the recognition of mutual dependence of the supply chain members needs to be translated into reciprocal concerns. In addition, different players’ commitments play different roles but together they have a similar effect as a profit sharing contract. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings in the context of socially responsible operations. In particular, our analyses show that it is possible to care about the supply chain partners’ bottom line without sacrificing one's own profitability, and our models can be used as a tool to determine the commitment levels by evaluating the predicted outcome.     

论澳大利亚殖民地时代有色人种的"环境形象"

澳大利亚殖民地时代,白人种族主义者对土著及华人移民分别塑造了野蛮化、禽兽化和污秽化的环境形象,认为后者的身体与所处空间环境都与白人迥然对立,从而为种族歧视的泛滥提供了合法性.如此塑造有色人种的环境形象,反映了一种"环境种族主义"的意识形态.通过剖析当时的种族主义漫画来考察有色人种的"环境形象",有助于学界对欧洲殖民扩张背景下的种族主义话语加以更深层次地批判.     

统战成员学习践行社会主义核心价值体系探索

为了了解统战成员学习践行社会主义核心价值体系情况,进行了访谈等调查研究。不仅分析了统战成员对学习和践行社会主义核心价值体系的意义认识清楚以及学习践行取得的成效和存在的问题,而且针对存在问题提出了对策建议。统战成员只有积极培育社会主义核心价值观,才能更好地共同为实现"中国梦"而努力!     

论舆论监督的法律制约

舆论监督是法律赋予新闻媒体的一项职能。它既受法律保护 ,又受法律制约。为避免舆论监督与国家和公民的其他权利之间发生矛盾和冲突 ,舆论监督必须在按照新闻规律办事的前提下 ,依法维护媒体、国家和公民的正当权益。随着社会的不断进步和发展 ,舆论监督的功能还有待进一步发挥