当代法国青年人政治参与的特征及影响因素

政治行为与参与特征往往受特定社会形态的影响。今天的法国青年人对体制内参与渠道的认同感大大降低,日益疏离于政治投票及政党、工会生活,转而采用其他更直接更符合个人意愿的政治参与方式。但这种变化并不能说明代议制民主在青年人那里遭遇到认同危机,它实际上反映了青年人对传统政治参与方式有效性的理性反思,是一种对公民政治生活方式的创新与重构,尽管在这个过程中,因为个人经历、社会经济状况、受教育程度的差异会不同程度地影响到他们的政治态度和参与方式及参与度。     

Advance Selling in the Presence of Speculators and Forward‐Looking Consumers

This article examines the pricing policy of a monopolist seller who may sell in advance of consumption in a market that comprises of myopic consumers, forward‐looking consumers, and speculators. The latter group has no consumption value for the goods and is in the market with the sole objective of making a profit by reselling the purchased goods shortly after. Consumers, although homogeneous in terms of their valuations, are different with respect to their perspectives. We show that in an “upward” market where the expected valuation increases over time, the optimal pricing policy is an ex ante “static” one where the seller “prices into the future” and prices the myopic consumers out of the advance market. However, in a “downward” market where the expected valuation decreases over time, the seller adopts a dynamic pricing strategy except for the case when higher initial sales can trigger more demand subsequently and when the downward trend is not too high. In this case, the seller prefers an ex ante “static” pricing strategy and deliberately prices lower initially to sell to speculators. We identify the conditions under which the seller benefits from the existence of speculators in the market. Moreover, although the presence of entry costs is ineffective as an entry deterrence, we determine the conditions under which exit costs can rein in speculative purchase.     

从传统到现代的衍变——文言白话转型论

汉语特有的发展特点,造成了口语与书面语的脱节,书面语中的文言因其脱离口语而日益向"雅"与"保守性"方向发展。语言发展的趋势是渐变的,而不是突变的。文言与白话的转变,是清末民初以来,特别是五四新文化运动中汉语的重大变动,这一文白转型,表面上看似汉语内部的一种语言选择与嬗变,实际上是关乎社会发展,以及整个民族思维言说方式的一种质变。     

基于应用型人才培养的考试制度改革研究——以天津外国语大学滨海外事学院经济系为例

为适应应用型人才培养目标,针对现行考试制度存在的考试程序、考试形式及相关主客体方面存在的不足进行改革。新型的考试制度应完善考试程序,采用多样化的考试形式,加强学生和教师对考试的认知,使教学、考试与社会需求接轨。     

农村家庭禀赋、劳动力回流与能力建设

构建回流劳动力能力发展的多维模型,分析家庭禀赋影响劳动力回流的内在机理。研究发现,家庭禀赋是个人能力的拓展,家庭成员的个人决策是基于家庭禀赋状况作出的最优化选择。存在回流劳动力的家庭禀赋效应,即对家庭禀赋的有效利用可以使得迁移劳动力在外积累的人力资本和物质资本在家乡得到更高的投资回报。回流劳动力对家庭禀赋的有效利用是实现其能力发展的主要方式。     

Market Reform and the Widening of the Income Gap

在市场化过程中,中国出现了收入差距不断扩大的趋势,从而社会上出现了一些将收入差距扩大的原因归结为市场化改革的错误认识。本文通过对我国改革开放以来收入分配格局变化的主要特点和导致收入差距扩大的原因加以细致实证分析, 对一些模糊认识加以澄清。本文认为在个人收入差距扩大的诸多因素中,传统计划 体制遗留下来的一些制度和政策,在部门利益和地方利益驱使下新形成的有悖于市 场体制规则的制度和政策,政府对市场缺失和市场扭曲采取的不作为态度,对资本 节制和劳动保护的不足,政府对经济的过度干预,成为导致收入差距扩大和收入分 配不公的最重要因素。

关键词: 收入差距?改革?城乡?中国

In the course of marketization in China, there has been a trend for the income gap to become ever wider. Some people have mistakenly attributed the gap to market reforms. This article provides a detailed empirical analysis of the changes in income distribution patterns and the reasons for the increasing income gap to clear up such misunderstandings. We believe the most important factors in the widening of the income gap and unequal income distribution are institutions and policies inherited from traditional economic planning; newly emerging systems and policies driven by departmental and local interests that run counter to market laws; lack of government action on gaps or distortions in the market; insufficient capital regulation and labor protection; and excessive government intervention in the economy.     

生态伦理视角下广西海洋文化核心理念建构

广西作为惟一沿海的少数民族自治区和西部大开发中惟一有海的省区,海洋事业事关经济社会发展大局,海洋文化的传承则关乎广西民族文化强区的实现。广西传统海洋文化中蕴藏着朴素的生态伦理智慧,广西经济社会的和谐发展和民族文化强区目标的实现,要求广西传统海洋文化必须融入现代生态伦理思想,建构平等、至善、开放的现代海洋伦理观。     

Chinese Immigrant Women Workers' Mediated Negotiations With Constraints On Their Cultural Identities

Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this study examines the cultural identities of Chinese immigrant women workers in American society, that is, how the women negotiate with white supremacist cultural values that seek to interpellate them through their everyday use of media. I argue that through certain Chinese ethnic newspapers' cultural discourses, white supremacist cultural values penetrate the women's private lives and regulate their daily matters as minute as the color of their socks. Yet, the women's responses to these mediated discourses reveal that mainstream cultural values are only part of a more complex cultural quandary, which results from a number of constraints facing the women everyday: material difficulty, racial-cultural marginalization, and ethnic patriarchal control. In our group and individual interviews, my participants critically interpreted and negotiated with this cultural quandary. Their negotiation has great value, since it attests to their heightened cultural consciousness. From another perspective, however, their heightened consciousness has yet to develop into a strategic bicultural or multicultural identity, the “mestiza identity” in Anzaldua's words, as a result of the financial, racial, patriarchal, cultural, and psychological constraints in their lives. This situation leads us to reflect more on how we can help to lift these constraints, so that these women can strategically incorporate both Chinese and American cultural practices to improve their quality of life.     

海外并购中知识产权获取影响因素评价研究

在企业融入全球化趋势的过程中,海外并购是我国进入国际市场、获取国外先进技术的重要方式.本文厘清了通过海外并购的方式获取知识产权的必要性,梳理了中国企业海外知识产权并购历史进程,提出了海外并购基本流程的概念模型,分析了海外并购不同阶段的知识产权风险,构建了海外并购中知识产权获取影响因素评价指标体系,提出了知识产权获取影响因素评价方法,以期为有效规避并购风险,增加并购成功率提供一种新思路.