A Study of the Role Played by Manufacturing Strategic Objectives and Capabilities in Understanding the Relationship between Porter's Generic Strategies and Business Performance

An appropriate alignment between business strategy, manufacturing strategic objectives and manufacturing capabilities reportedly influences business performance positively. However, few papers empirically analyse this proposition for the case of Porter's generic strategies of cost leadership and differentiation, and none jointly considers all four elements. This paper integrates strategies, capabilities and performance in a single model and proposes that both manufacturing competitive priorities and capabilities, articulated in terms of cost and flexibility, are essential for explaining the link between generic business strategies and business commercial and financial performance. Within this analytic framework, we test whether companies that emphasize one business strategy rather than another achieve a better alignment and superior performance. The analyses conducted with a sample of 148 Spanish manufacturers provide general support for these propositions and contribute to a deeper understanding of the role played by functional strategies in understanding the outcomes of business strategy.     

中国西部地区的优势与薄弱所在

西部大开发,是中国国民经济建设生产力宏观布局的战略性转移,是以江泽民同志为首的党中央根据邓小平同志关于我国现代化建设"两个大局"的战略思想,高瞻远瞩、统揽全局、面向新世纪作出的重大决策,是党中央把东部沿海地区的发展与中部、西部地区的开发结合起来,相互支持、相互促进,实现中国关于国民经济建设的重点逐步由东向西转移,其旨在于达到东部、中部、西部三个地区共同繁荣.这一"决策"既重大又英明,既现实又深远,既为西部地区带来了千载难逢的历史机遇,又是对西部地区经济跨入新世纪新技术产业化的挑战,作为西部地区应抓住机遇、利用机遇,发展自己.     

民主理论研究流派的比较分析

国内学术界关于民主有五种主要观点,即权力民主观、社会民主观、利益民主观、国际民主观和行政民主观.国际学术界民主理论研究流派主要有工具民主论和价值民主论、自由民主论和法治民主论、权力民主论和权利民主论、平等民主论和多元民主论.     

Exploitation in Contemporary Capitalism: An Empirical Analysis of the Case of Taiwan

Abstract

Using data for manufacturing firms in Taiwan, we developed a measure of exploitation and analyzed its prevalence in the labor force. Our results indicated that almost two-thirds of the firms in our sample exploit at least some of their workers. For these firms, the average profit rate is 34 percent, but three-fourths of this figure derives from the expropriated wages of their workers. Female and blue-collar workers are the largest groups that are underpaid relative to their productivity (that is, exploited). Managers, professionals, and workers with seniority are not exploited by our definition because our data showed that these groups are paid according to the market value of their productivity, at least on average. Our analysis demonstrates the feasibility of the empirical investigation of exploitation, which should be further considered in future research.     

当代八坊回族妇女嫁衣的人类学考察

嫁衣是一个民族审美理想的集中体现,较多地保留了民族服饰文化的传统,同时也蕴含了为人所忽略的女性文化.但随着西方文化的扩张与渗入,城市文明的拓展和现代化进程的加快,传统的嫁衣文化正在逐渐远离现代生活而去.本文通过对甘肃临夏市八坊当代回族女性嫁衣演变的研究,揭示了嫁衣文化在回族内部的变化和回族女性婚姻观念的转变,发现回族作为一个民族共同体在文化变迁中所采取的适应性策略,以及回族女性如何自觉地应对这种变化.     

解决执行难问题的对策建议

法律制度的供给不足是造成我国执行难的重要原因之一,有效解决执行难,要从制定单独的强制执行法入手,通过重视执行和解的特殊作用,强化媒体曝光、劳务抵债、征信系统＂黑名单＂记录等执行方法和执行措施,并引入检察机关对执行程序的监督机制等。     

Multi-step variance minimization in sequential tests

We introduce a multi-step variance minimization algorithm for numerical estimation of Type I and Type II error probabilities in sequential tests. The algorithm can be applied to general test statistics and easily built into general design algorithms for sequential tests. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm is particularly useful for estimating tail probabilities, and may lead to significant computational efficiency gains over the crude Monte Carlo method.     

高中生情绪问题预防的社会支持和应对方式策略

在课题前期调查研究的基础上,针对目前高中生情绪问题现状,提出高中生情绪问题预防的同伴支持、父母与教师支持等社会支持策略和建立自信心、构建合适的期望值、消除不合理信念、放松练习等应对方式策略。     

近代外国教会在潮汕的办学活动及其影响

近代外国基督教会在潮汕广泛的办学活动是他们传教的辅助手段。其办学活动客观上引进了西方科学文化知识，有它的启蒙作用；虽然由于这种办学活动的传教目的，使它具有了复杂的两重性，但其对潮汕教育事业的推动作用是应予肯定的，其影响是深远的。     

总体几何均值的参数估计及其在社会和谐度评价中的应用研究

算术平均作为随机变量两大数字特征之一,是各类现象统计估计的基本参数。这不仅是因为算术平均是最常用的平均,也是因为算术平均是一种线性平均,具有许多鲜明的优良性质。但在现实生活中,算术平均并非是唯一的统计平均数,在计算各类比率、速度的平均时,通常就是采用几何平均。几何平均具有“易受小数值影响”的特点,当被平均的数值中有异常小的数值,几何平均值将会趋小,因此,几何平均是一种“惩罚型平均”,它鼓励均衡发展①。这一特点使得几何平均在注重“均衡性”的现象测度中显得尤其重要。在社会经济统计领域,几何平均数不仅应用于全面调…