卢梭的人民主权论与中国近代的民主进程

卢梭的人民主权论是中国近代民主政治进程中最为重要的思想资源,戊戌变法、辛亥革命以后中国社会流行的民权观念,主要是卢梭的人民主权论影响的结果.在卢梭的人民主权论影响下,平等以及使民众成为国家主人成为中国近代思想家所能理解到的人民主权的全部.中国近代思想界所以接受卢梭的人民主权论,在很大程度上是由于卢梭的思想学说与中国传统思想方式之间的契合.卢梭的人民主权论为中国近代的政治变革提供了可靠的思想武器,同时,其理论局限性对于中国近代的民主化过程也产生了消极的影响.     

马舍雷与《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》——对话中的中西马克思主义文论

包括皮埃尔·马舍雷在内的西方马克思主义理论家在对中国当代文论产生了重要影响的同时也受到某些中国马克思主义文论思想的启示.毛泽东<在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话>被马舍雷作为重要理论资源融入其对于文学反映论的思考中,其间又难免误解,考察在中西马克思主义文论视域中的对话和阐释,对于思考马克思主义文论建设来说具有启示意义.     

中国国有企业人本管理的历史演进——30年由自发走向自觉的探索

新中国成立以来,特别是改革开放30年以来.国有企业人本管理理论与实践经历了一个逐步发展的历史进程:计划经济体制时期,人本管理处于自发探索阶段,与特定的经济体制和政治体制相适应,带有明显的政治化特征;从党的十一届三中全会确立改革开放到党的十四大以前,人本管理的政治化色彩逐渐淡化,探索由自发走向自觉;社会主义市场经济体制确立后,伴随国有企业改革的日渐深入,人本管理获得长足发展.实行人本管理是国有企业具有效率和效益的重要方面.     

乡村蒙古族婚姻的现状与变迁——基于内蒙古东部的村落调查

蒙古族婚姻是该民族历史传统、周边文化影响及社会发展的共同产物.本文以内蒙古通辽市蒙古族村落的实地调查材料为依据,通过四个不同类型村落资料的横向比较以及1996年调查数据与2005年调查数据的纵向对比,对东部蒙古族乡村地区的婚姻现状与变迁问题进行初步探讨.     

《自然辩证法》的“自然”:生态伦理学的自然本体论

在《自然辩证法》中,恩格斯从自在自然和属人自然两个维度对自然的内核进行了科学和哲学双重解读。从自在自然看,自然具有自组织性、先在性和系统性、有机性,是惯常行程的自我生成,具有存在论意义。因而生态伦理学应该走出对人的"固恋","扩大道德共同体的边界",把自然纳入伦理的怀抱。从属人自然看,自然是人本学的自然与社会的自然的耦合,是对象性活动中的人化生成,具有对象性意义。劳动的对象性决定了人对自然的依赖性,决定了保全自然的逻辑必然性。如此,恩格斯对自然的本质规定性的理解,既超越了非人类中心主义的"无文明的生态",又超越了人类中心主义的"无生态的文明";它为生态伦理学的成立提供了充分的"自然本体论证明"。     

Impact of metabolic status on the association of serum vitamin D with hypogonadism and lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of metabolic status on associations of serum vitamin D with hypogonadism and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Patients and methods: A total of 612 men underwent physical examination, biochemical/hormonal blood testing, and transrectal prostate ultrasound. Moreover, the subjects filled out standard questionnaires for identification and grading of LUTS and hypogonadism symptoms. Parameters were statistically compared with independent t-tests and correlation analyses.

Results: Vitamin D levels positively correlated with total testosterone (TT) but not with prostate volume or International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Patients with metabolic syndrome had significantly lower vitamin D levels, which were not correlated with TT, prostate volume, or IPSS. However, vitamin D was positively correlated with TT, and negatively correlated with prostate volume and quality-of-life IPSS in subjects without metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion: The clinical usefulness of vitamin D for treatment of hypogonadism or LUTS/BPH varies according to metabolic status.     

Retrospective change detection in categorical time series

The aim of this paper is to propose methods of detecting change in the coefficients of a multinomial logistic regression model for categorical time series offline. The alternatives to the null hypothesis of stationarity can be either the hypothesis that it is not true, or that there is a temporary change in the sequence. We use the efficient score vector of the partial likelihood function. This has several advantages. First, the alternative value of the parameter does not have to be estimated; hence, we have a procedure that has a simple structure with only one parameter estimation using all available observations. This is in contrast with the generalized likelihood ratio-based change point tests. The efficient score vector is used in various ways. As a vector, its components correspond to the different components of the multinomial logistic regression model’s parameter vector. Using its quadratic form a test can be defined, where the presence of a change in any or all parameters is tested for. If there are too many parameters one can test for any subset while treating the rest as nuisance parameters. Our motivating example is a DNA sequence of four categories, and our test result shows that in the published data the distribution of the four categories is not stationary.     

社会网络分析视角下复杂网络结构关系的综合测度

为了克服复杂网络节点数量繁多、结构关系不易测度的难题,文章提出一种社会网络分析视角下“以点界面”的研究思路.通过构建一个新的综合测度指标,完成对网络中节点的综合评价,实现对网络结构关系的测度.与现有社会网络单一测度指标相比,综合测度指标突破现有单一测度指标的局限,构建过程充分利用单一测度指标间关系规律.复杂网络仿真实验进一步表明,无论有中心结构的网络结构和无中心结构的网络结构,综合测度指标提高网络节点不同评价维度和网络角色自带信息的利用率,对网络中节点的全面刻画更为贴切,为复杂网络结构关系综合测度研究提供一种新工具,为提高生活生产效率、预防灾害负面影响提供参考和依据.     

Additive mixed effect model for recurrent gap time data

Gap times between recurrent events are often of primary interest in medical and observational studies. The additive hazards model, focusing on risk differences rather than risk ratios, has been widely used in practice. However, the marginal additive hazards model does not take the dependence among gap times into account. In this paper, we propose an additive mixed effect model to analyze gap time data, and the proposed model includes a subject-specific random effect to account for the dependence among the gap times. Estimating equation approaches are developed for parameter estimation, and the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are established. In addition, some graphical and numerical procedures are presented for model checking. The finite sample behavior of the proposed methods is evaluated through simulation studies, and an application to a data set from a clinic study on chronic granulomatous disease is provided.