Identifying male college students' perceived health needs, barriers to seeking help, and recommendations to help men adopt healthier lifestyles

Seven focus groups at a university campus were formed to identify college men's health concerns, barriers to seeking help, and recommendations to help college men adopt healthier lifestyles. Content analysis was used to identify and organize primary patterns in the focus-group data. Results of the study revealed that the college men were aware that they had important health needs but took little action to address them. The participants identified both physical and emotional health concerns. Alcohol and substance abuse were rated as the most important issues for men. The greatest barrier to seeking services was the men's socialization to be independent and conceal vulnerability. The most frequently mentioned suggestions for helping men adopt healthier lifestyles were offering health classes, providing health information call-in service, and developing a men's center. Implications of the results are discussed.     

Gay and lesbian couples in therapy: perspectives for the contemporary family therapist

This paper outlines the major concerns of gay and lesbian couples who seek therapy. Presenting problems are classified as either internal to the relationship or as external (contextual) ones that reflect the influence of oppressive cultural and gender biases. Throughout the article, distinctive therapy methods are described that address the unique concerns of lesbian and gay couples, with special sensitivity to heterosexist and homophobic bias.     

Musculoskeletal symptoms among dentists in relation to work posture

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of work posture on musculosketal complaints in Israeli dentists. METHODS: The population included 60 male dentists mean age was 46.0 (+/- SD 8.66), 30 worked in sitting position and 30 were altering positions. Study population completed the standardized Nordic questionnaire and informative form concerning recipient's practice of dentistry, bio-demographic variables and questions about workloads. RESULTS: Musculoskeletal symptoms in the last 12 months were localized primarily in the lower back and in the neck (55% and 38.3% respectively). There was a significant correlation between the time spent sitting and the severity of low back pain (r = 0.41, p = 0.01). On the other hand there was no significant correlation between time spent sitting and other musculoskeletal complaints (r = - 0.16). CONCLUSIONS: Dentists who work in the sitting position have more severe low back pain than do those who alternate between sitting and standing despite the fact that those who sat at least 80% of the time worked less hours and had less of a workload during their working hours. This suggests that altering position should be recommended to dentists. An intervention study, however, is needed to demonstrate that changing posture will decrease the prevalence of low back pain in dentists.     

苏联社会科学家谈他们的问题

关于苏联科学院科学研究中存在的问题的实质,可以用一句话来表述:在世界上受过高等教育的专家最多的国家中,诺贝尔奖金获得者很少。苏联科学的潜力为何如此低下? 苏联科学院最近进行了一次问卷调查,这次调查的目的是弄清社会科学形成现在这种局面的原因和改变这种状况的方法。182位科学工作者接受了调查。     

现代英美史学中的英国资产阶级革命

最近三、四十年来,西方出版的研究十七世纪英国资产阶级革命的书籍,数量猛增.不同学派的历史学家常常试图用新的方法就十七世纪的一些历史事件解释整个英国革命及其实质、起因和动力.对三百年前的事件的兴趣越来越大的主要原因是研究者对自由民权党把十七世纪的资产阶级革命解释为"清教徒革命"这一概念普遍感到不满.这一概念直到十九世纪末在史学中仍居于统治地位,而且至今仍有不少的信徒.这一概念的创始人是民权党历史学家T.麦克莱、S.卡尔德纳、Ch.费斯,他们把十七世纪四十年代英国的国内战争,仅仅看作是没有社会经济内容的"立宪冲突";把十七世纪的英国资产阶级革命归结为王权同国会     

U.A.R.: influential factors in the acceptance of birth control and the consequential approaches to family planning

A number of factors have retarded the acceptance of birth control methods among peasant communities in Egypt: 1) the religious world-view of the peasant discourages him from interfering with the natural process of procreation; 2) the large family is important socially and economically in peasant society for strength and security and for the distribution of labor; 3) the status of a married woman depends to a great extent on the number of children, particularly the number of sons, she bears; and 4) in the Egyptian village, the midwife discourages the use of contraception. Acceptance and utilization of birth control methods in Egypt are directly proportionate to the level of education of the individual. The better the economic status of the family, the smaller the family is likely to be. Demographically, the closer a family lives to Cairo, the more likely it is that birth control techniques are being used. Egyptian family planning programs which take into consideration the difficulties of spreading the acceptance and use of contraceptives in traditional societies are discussed.     

个人主义时代的社团——访A.埃齐奥尼

社会学家阿米泰·埃齐奥尼(Amitai Etzioni)是美国正在形成中的思想家群体——“社团主义者”(communitarians)的一位带头人。社团主义者认为,必须以社会责任来制衡个人权利。埃齐奥尼是一本新季刊——《责任社团》的编辑,这本杂志为讨论权利与责任的关系问题提供了论坛。他在接受《未来学家》杂志记者T.维拉德和D.菲尔茨采访时,谈了社团主义者目前深入思考的问题。以下是这次采访的主要内容: 记者问(以下简称“问”):您和其他社团主义者说过,过分注重个人权利,正损害着社团需要。您能否举例说明,在哪些地方个     

世界的可认识原则

对于正确理解唯物主义的世界认识原则,最重要的一点是表明,人类的认识并非无本之源,它是生物界固有的基本认识行为的长期发展过程。然而,只分析认识的生物和生理机制,也不能理解人类认识活动的特点,因为人的认识活动并不受直接的、具有生物起源的人类需要的限制。人类的认识能力大大超出其受物种即生物规定性所制约的界限。既然人的本质是由历史发展中的社会