辽河口斑海豹

一直以来,我喜欢着辽河口的冰排,以及冰排上的斑海豹。辽河口位于盘锦市西郊,每年春节前后,都会有大片大片的冰排游移堆积而来,层层累累,气喘嘘嘘。彼时的阳光多半是疲惫的,懒懒地从天空西南角斜射下来,在冰排上扫出一道鲜明的     

从小说、戏曲看牛女传说在明代的演变

明代是牛女传说演变的重要时期.明初,出现了企图从根本上否定牛女传说的短篇小说.明后期,由文人重述的牛女传说出现,产生了以此为题材的小说、戏曲作品.文人重述的牛女传说在情节、内容和人物形象上有了变异,初步实现了文人创作同民间牛女故事的结合.     

藏式宗堡建筑在喜马拉雅地区的分布及其艺术特征研究

宗堡建筑是西藏官式建筑的重要形式,专指西藏地方政府宗(县)一级政府机关所在地,属于藏式宫殿建筑类型.西藏宗堡建筑起源很早,是宫殿、寺院,以及防御堡垒的综合体.宗堡建筑在属于藏传佛教文化圈的喜马拉雅地区,如拉达克、不丹等地也有分布,但在建筑风格上带有一定的本地化特征.文章试图通过对喜马拉雅地区藏式宗堡建筑艺术特点的分析,从建筑艺术角度说明藏传佛教在对外传播过程中,不仅对喜马拉雅地区政治以及社会制度有很大影响,对该区域的建筑类型也有深刻影响.     

近现代史教学在高校思想政治教育中的重要性

近现代史教学在高校思想政治教育中承担着帮助大学生树立坚定的理想信念,培养大学生的民族精神和爱国主义精神的重要任务。通过学习中国近现代史,让大学生正确的了解中国近代发展的历程和规律,让科学历史观在大学生头脑中扎根。     

弘扬太行精神 加强大学生思想政治教育

太行精神是革命战争年代,民族精神和革命精神相结合的产物,是我们党的优良传统和宝贵财富。在大学生思想政治教育过程中融入太行精神,可以增强大学生思想政治教育的实效性,达到事半功倍的效果。     

大学图书馆Web站点导航调研与设计

大学图书馆Web站点导航是充分利用网站资源、正确引导用户为其提供有效信息的最佳工具,是快速查找站内外信息的蜜钥。论文采用网上调查分析与综合的方法,从大学图书馆Web站点四种导航方式入手,对国内外10所不同层次大学图书馆Web站点导航实践进行分析,发现国内大学图书馆Web站点导航存在专业术语不规范、导航元素不齐备、分类存在交迭性、导航菜单布局设计、位置设计不合理等问题,最后针对导航的深度和广度、导航菜单的布局设计等方面提出可操作性的建议。     

新型流动就业人员医疗保险模式研究与设计

文章在调查研究我国五大城市医疗保险现状基础上提出合理的医疗保险缴费和待遇新模式,其中大病住院费为保险基金的50%左右,门诊补助费为20%左右,基本做到大盘资金的平衡,从而达到科学管理流动就业人员医疗保险基金的目的.     

从"控制自然"到"遵循自然"——人类通往生态文明必须具备的一种伦理觉悟

控制自然的观念源自培根世界观的影响,是文明发展进程中呈现的一种典型的现代性现象,它为现代工业文明的现代性转换奠定了合理性基础和"道德神话".对控制自然的道德神话进行纠偏或矫正,是对人、理性和世界概念的质疑,最终是对现代文明发展方向进行的一种伦理掂量.控制自然还是遵循自然的问题关涉到一种更为深刻的伦理觉悟.罗尔斯顿关于遵循自然的意义分析包含着明显的道德哲学诉求.与"控制自然"的道德神话及其解体相对应,"遵循自然"的道德哲学意义表明人、自然、世界和理性概念的重新奠基.从控制自然到遵循自然的哲学转变是文明转变进程中的一种伦理觉悟.     

医学生医德教育的困境及对策

医德是保证社会医疗卫生事业健康发展的一个重要因素,而关于医德方面的教育也是医学教育中的重要组成部分之一。可以说,医德教育的好坏直接关系到社会医德风尚,但是从目前的形势上来看,在我国现行的医学生医德教育中实际上是存在着许多问题的,医德教育很多时候都是在困境中前行的。因此在本文中作者在对医德教育其重要意义进行了阐释的基础上就医学生医学教育中存在的诸多问题进行了剖析,并就这些问题提出了相应的解决方案和应对策略,旨在以此为提高医学生医德教育的质量提供一定的参照和指导。     

四川少数民族村寨旅游扶贫模式转变研究

In 2012 , State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission of the People’ s Republic of China( hereaf-ter SEAC ) announced an outline concerning the protection and development of‘ethnic minority vil-lages with special characteristics ’ . The develop-ment of such villages is one of the important tasks of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission:this devel-opment aims to foster the conservation of ethnic culture and to accelerate the development of the ethnic areas in which these villages lie. On Sep-tember 23 , 2014 , the State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission announced guanyu minming shoupi zhong-guo shaoshu minzu tese chunzhai de tongzhi ( No-tice on the Naming of the First Group of China ’ s Ethnic Minority Villages with Special Characteris-tics):340 villages in total were inscribed into the list of this so-called ‘First Batch ’ , among which four villages of Sichuan province were included:( i) Jiefang village of Haqu in Leshan, ( ii) Mutuo Village of Maoxian in Aba, ( iii) Shangmo Village of Songfan in Aba, and ( iv) Guza Village of Seda in Ganzi. With the support of the so-called‘Poverty Al-leviation Policy’ , tourism in ethnic minority villa-ges has been booming; however, this has also re-sulted in a new series of related problems that need to be addressed. Tourism development obviously had reduced regional poverty. Since the 1980s, the promotion of economic development through tourism in the ethnic areas ( with a corresponding improvement of people ’ s living conditions ) has been widely accepted by society. Also in the prov-ince of Sichuan the ‘poverty alleviation through tourism’ policy has led to economic growth and has reduced the poverty of the people in the ethnic mi-nority areas. From 2011 to 2014, the SEAC has invested 57. 8 million Yuan in the development of ethnic minority villages in Sichuan province. This has led to the implementation of 73 projects and has benefited around 100,000 people, 7 indige-nous ethnic groups, and 11 prefectures and munic-ipalities in Sichuan. It seems that this‘poverty al-leviation through tourism ’ ( hereafter PATT ) has resulted in good economic and social effects. Ethnic minority villages in Sichuan share sim-ilar challenges: ( i) a low level of production and productivity,economic backwardness, simplistic e-conomic infrastructure, cultural narrow-minded-ness, a low level of education and personal devel-opment, and a fragile condition of local nature and cultural surroundings. Moreover, tourism has since deeply altered previous development models for these regions: this has also brought many new problems, like e. g. how to correctly distribute the newly acquired economic benefits and profits, as well as cultural and environmental protection is-sues. Many of these problems seem to be only tran-sitional;however, these challenges do ask for the necessary tweaks of the PATT policies. This article thus tries to review the model of PATT as imple-mented in the ethnic villages of Sichuan. The arti-cle explores its different stages/aspects:( i) adap-tation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the gov-ernment, ( iii) an evolving profit model for local people, and ( iv ) evolving local talent discovery and activation. The first aspect of PATT is the change of the development goals. At first, the priority is to get rid of poverty through tourism. To initially boost local tourism, the government must make major in-vestments: enhancement of the basic infrastruc-ture, creation of a touristic brand and initial adver-tising for the ethnic villages. However, when the PATT has been effectively implemented, and reached a mature stage of development, i. e. the village has become relatively popular and annual numbers of tourists have reached a stable good lev-el, the goals must be adapted: economic develop-ment should change to sustainable development. The new goals would be a combination of local tourism and local related industries, such as handi-craft products, catering and other hospitality busi-nesses etc. When all of this takes place, the eth-nic villages and areas seem to be able to arrive at a green and sustainable development path. The second stage is the change of the role of government. As said, in the beginning large in-vestments in infrastructure, tourism marketing and publicity are needed. In this start-up stage, the village needs quite a lot of human and material re-sources. Without the financial and human aid of the government, it’ s very hard to change a local ethnic minority village into a tourist destination. Hence, the government should play a supportive role during the initial stages of tourism develop-ment, while taking the local villagers ’ will and ethnic culture into consideration: the government should consult with the villagers and encourage the villagers’ participation in the whole development process. When indeed the PATT reaches a mature phase, the local people can take over. By then the locals have gained much experience;their attitudes and business skills have sufficiently improved so the government can take a step back, leaving the villagers to further develop the villages by them-selves. The third aspect is an ‘evolving profit model for local people ’ . During the initial stages of PATT, it’ s all about developing basic tourism pro-jects: at this moment, the main profit models for businesses rely on ( a) ethnic culture projects with distinct characteristics, ( b ) establishing high quality modes of the tourists route, and ( c) pro-moting the unique name and fame of the villages. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the villagers themselves must further develop and maintain their unique brand and fame. As said, the government takes a step back while local peo-ple are to develop new related sustainable profit models. The fourth issue is the further evolution of‘local talent discovery and activation ’ or‘talent mechanisms’ . Before the initial stages of PATT in Sichuan, the local villagers of the ethnic minorities had been engaged in traditional agriculture for many years;hence it was difficult for them to tran-sition into modern industries such as tourism and hospitality. Moreover, there were very few locals who had any knowledge of this tourism/hospitality industry. E. g. only some elderly people conducted simplistic tour guide practices for tourists: they were unable to provide any in-depth explanations of the traditional ethnic customs and culture due to language barriers. Thus, outsiders ( including gov-ernment staff and tourism professionals ) had to come in and provide advanced concepts, methods, and training. More importantly, a new ‘local tal-ent team’ had to discover and activate local people with tourism talents/abilities. This allowed for a genuine local tourism industry to come into exist-ence and further evolve. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the government should re-turn the economic benefits back to the local people and give them the dominant right to further self-de-velopment. A newly developed professional middle class will then allow the local people to further de-cide on the future of the ethnic villages. After the initial ‘local talent discovery and activation ’ , a more mature ‘talent mechanism ’ should be formed. Led by the best local talents, people from all circles should be encouraged to take part in the further development of the local villages and areas:this allows for greater stability and continuity, while new talents can develop more. This article has analyzed the implementation and adaptation of PATT in the province of Si-chuan, including the ( i) adaptation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the government, ( iii) an evol-ving profit model for local people, and ( iv) evol-ving local talent discovery and activation. Howev-er, the development of ethnic minority villages still seems to face many difficulties and challenges, and need to be studied and discussed more.