朱光潜“美是主客观统一”论的真实意蕴——兼与黄应全先生商榷

朱光潜"美是主客观统一"论是站在现代哲学美学反形上学立场上的,反对把心和物作实体化处理,主观和客观的界定也是相对的,美的真实意蕴是化掉主观和客观而达到物我两忘、物我同一,重点在"统一"(同一)上。黄应全得出朱光潜"美是主客观统一"是主观论的结论,其原因是他的思维方法是旧本体论的,他对朱光潜"美是主客观统一"命题的分析也是静观的,不是动态的。他推理所涉及的"心灵"和"形象"都不是朱光潜的原意,他的实体化思维使得他非此即彼地把美同美感割裂开来,这是他的错误结论的病根。     

高职大学生试验工场训练计划的实践与思考

以高职生物制药技术专业为例,介绍了以创新能力培养为目标的大学生试验工场训练计划(SPPT)的设计与实施,倡导在高职中开展基于生产的、"专业技能与GMP实务相结合、创新能力培养与专业课程教学相结合"的训练。     

Child‐caregiver Attachment Representations in a Non‐Western Context: The Feasibility and Cultural Equivalence of Story Stems in Urban Ghana

Story stem measures are an increasingly popular method for assessing the attachment representations of young children, but little is known of their cross‐cultural applicability. This study aimed to characterise the attachment representations in 73 five‐ to eight‐year‐old children in urban Ghana, West Africa, using the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST) to test its feasibility, psychometric characteristics and concurrent associations with caregiver‐ and teacher‐rated child behaviour, and to conduct a qualitative thematic analysis of methodological observations. Among the classifiable cases (92 percent), all attachment classifications were observed, yielding a higher rate of secure attachment than in European samples. Inter‐rater reliability, internal consistency, and internal structure were reasonable and largely similar to European studies, although one structural difference was the separation of ‘child assuagement of distress’ from other secure‐related items. MCAST narratives were associated with teacher‐ and caregiver‐rated hyperactivity, but internal consistency was low in most Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scales. Possible culturally‐sensitive explanations for our psychometric and qualitative findings are discussed. Overall, story stems are a promising tool for accessing attachment representations in non‐Western samples, although modifications are likely to improve cross‐cultural equivalence when applied to non‐Western cultures. Further investigation is needed to link MCAST outcomes to parenting and socio‐emotional development.     

历史理性与历史感

在史学实践的范围内,历史理性可以理解为人们在把握过去时的精神结构和智力装备,历史感是其中不可或缺的要素。对于人事变易无常的意识、对于过去与现在之间的异同的敏锐感受、健全的历史观、开放而自我克制的历史想象力、微观研究与宏观视野的结合,都是历史感在史家史学实践中的具体体现。分析学派的和叙事主义的史学理论都未能将历史感纳入自身的研究焦点。史学理论的当前转向为历史理性和历史感得到更为清晰的理论阐发提供了契机。     

吉林省社区体育教育职能的醒觉——参加吉林省国家级社体指导员培训的启示

本文通过文献资料法、实地考察法和专家访谈法等对吉林省社区体育的发展状况进行研究,研究发现:吉林省群众体育事业正在逐步发展壮大,社区体育的教育职能得到明显的发展.人们在从生存体育向享受体育的转化过程中,潜移默化地接受体育的教育职能;在吉林省社区体育中,中老年女性群体是参加健身运动的骨干力量.男性则成为社区健身运动的薄弱群体;吉林省社区体育参与者面临的主要问题表现在对体育教育职能不够理解,社会体育指导员队伍的建设仍然是社会体育发展的重点问题.     

明初陕西农业的恢复与发展

元末明初的战乱以及频繁的自然灾害给陕西的农业造成了巨大的破坏，大量土地荒芜，人口逃亡。明王朝在平定陕西后采取了一系列恢复经济、改善民生的措施，包括开垦土地、兴建水利、减免赋税和赈济灾民，还有明代初期政治清明与外部环境稳定，使得陕西地区的农业得到了一定程度的恢复与发展。     

Multi-neighborhood based iterated tabu search for routing and wavelength assignment problem

The routing and wavelength assignment problem (RWA) has shown to be NP-hard if the wavelength continuity constraint and the objective of minimizing the number of wavelengths are considered. This paper introduces a multi-neighborhood based iterated tabu search algorithm (MN-ITS), which consists of three neighborhoods with a unified incremental evaluation method, to solve the min-RWA problem. The proposed MN-ITS algorithm is tested on a set of widely studied real world instances as well as a set of challenging random ones in the literature. Comparison with other reference algorithms shows that the MN-ITS algorithm is able to improve five best upper bounds obtained by other competitive reference algorithms in the literature. This paper also presents an analysis to show the significance of the unified incremental evaluation technique and the combination of multiple neighborhoods.     

文化企业银行信贷信用等级评价初探

作为全球新兴产业的文化产业,有着良好的发展前景。国家先后出台《文化产业振兴规划》、《国家九部委关于金融支持文化产业振兴和发展繁荣的指导意见》等重要政策文件,提出改进和提升对文化产业发展的金融服务与支持。在国家新的政策扶持下,对文化类企业贷款信用等级的评价将成为一个新课题,而文化产业之所以较难获得银行信贷,主要在于其属于轻资产企业,在一般信用等级评价中往往难以满足银行要求,论题通过修订重建主要针对文化类企业的信用评价指标体系,希望能为文化产业战略发展提供一条途径。     

高含有机硫炼油废碱液的治理研究

提出的废碱液酸化O空气汽提治理工艺流程,将部分硫磺回收装置用压缩空气(9. 5 %) 引入废碱液汽提塔,作为汽提空气,汽提出来的H2S、RSH 又随空气去回收硫磺,不仅解决了装置汽提能耗,而且完全回收了硫资源,消除了高含有机硫炼油废碱液对环境的污染。对我国炼油厂加工中东高含硫原油,治理含硫废碱液具有重要意义。最佳试验条件为:98 %硫酸用量84 ml/ L ,酸化pH = 4. 5～5. 5 ,汽提温度90 ℃,汽提时间2. 5 h。汽提处理后废碱液用于生产硫酸钠或去工程车间稀释排放,排放水总硫< 1 mg/ L 、pH = 7 ,达到GB8987 - 1996 一级排放标准。     

栏目学:编辑学的新兴分支学科

在激烈竞争的环境下,作为连续印刷平面媒体的报纸、期刊和作为连续电子传播媒体的广播、电视、网站都越来越重视栏目的作用。由于社会需求的强力拉动,栏目学在中国已经进入创生期。栏目学的主要研究主题包括栏目功能论、栏目类型论、栏目风格论、栏目策划创新论、栏目设置方法论、栏目要件设计论、栏目经营管理论等。栏目学作为编辑学的分支学科,既受到编辑学的强力拉引,又与美术学、设计学、管理学等近邻学科相互作用共同发展。栏目学在今后一个时期应当实施的发展对策是把握分化格局、稳定研究队伍、强化学科元研究。