瓶颈与突破:船舶企业抵押融资研究

抵押贷款担保难是中国船舶企业融资的瓶颈.突破这一瓶颈的办法,除在建船舶抵押贷款融资外,还可以用充实银行专业人才和分摊造船成本的办法.     

美育与人的养成

德国伟大的诗人、美学家席勒根据他所处时代人的生存状态、人性的分裂,提出了美育问题.二百多年过去了,美育问题依然是人们非常关注的话题,甚至显得比席勒那个时代更为紧迫.物质至上,急功近利,世俗主义,享乐思想的蔓延,要求我们真正的理解美育问题的内涵及其对人的生命价值导向上的重要作用,从而使人在生存与发展中真正实现和谐与自由.     

The Effect of Urbanization on China’s Fertility

The relationship between urbanization and fertility decline is known to be inverse in developed countries. However, the nature of this relationship in developing countries that already have relatively low fertilities is not well-understood. This study aims to illustrate how much urbanization contributed to China’s fertility decline between 1982 and 2008 and forecasts how much it can contribute to future reductions in fertility. The study examines changes in the total fertility rate (TFR) at both the national and provincial levels, given regional differences in the urbanization rate. The results show that changes in rural fertility behavior accounted for most of the decline in the national TFR between 1982 and 2008. This finding suggests that official birth control policies were instrumental in curbing China’s population growth. However, urbanization was responsible for about 22% of the decrease in TFR during this period, and its effect was especially important during the latter years (2001–2008). In most provinces, urbanization associated with a decline in provincial-level fertility. The forecasts indicate that urbanization will become the primary factor behind future declines in national fertility. Given the negative effect of urbanization on the TFR, it is possible to relax the one-child policy without having adverse implications for population growth.     

Efficient composite heuristics for total flowtime minimization in permutation flow shops

In this paper, permutation flow shops with total flowtime minimization are considered. General flowtime computing (GFC) is presented to accelerate flowtime computation. A newly generated schedule is divided into an unchanged subsequence and a changed part. GFC computes total flowtime of a schedule by inheriting temporal parameters from its parent in the unchanged part and computes only those of the changed part. Iterative methods and LR (developed by Liu J, Reeves, CR. Constructive and composite heuristic solutions to theP∥Σ_Ci$P\parallel \Sigma C_i$ scheduling problem, European Journal of Operational Research 2001; 132:439–52) are evaluated and compared as solution improvement phase and index development phase. Three composite heuristics are proposed in this paper by integrating forward pair-wise exchange-restart (FPE-R) and FPE with an effective iterative method. Computational results show that the proposed three outperform the best existing three composite heuristics in effectiveness and two of them are much faster than the existing ones.     

公益诉讼法理基础探究

公益诉讼基本理论作为公益诉讼立法的基点和归宿,理应受到特别关注。公益诉讼中当事人、国家均有成本支出,也获得了预防性收益、补偿性收益与正义的收益。在诉讼功能上,公益诉讼具有预防功能、一次性解决纠纷的功能等。中国民事公益诉讼应选择二元诉讼类型、多重起诉主体、事前预防式与事后补偿式并存、可由公民直接起诉的模式。     

论任渊《山谷诗集注》的诗学批评

宋代诗歌注释者任渊有较高的文学创作才能,并曾亲身跟随黄庭坚学习诗歌创作。他注释了黄庭坚平生最得意的《内集》,对黄诗中许多含蓄未尽的言外之意作了发挥补充,评论了其中一些精妙的对偶和用典,还总结了黄诗"有为而作"的立意特点及"有味"的风格,并对"点铁成金"等创作方法做了细致的分析说明。     

中国语言学研究现状及发展趋势——近十年(2001-2010)国家社科基金资助项目的统计分析

国家社科基金所资助项目是国内最具科学性和权威性的研究项目,对这些项目进行统计分析和研究有助于了解各学科当前研究动态,为今后的研究选题提供导向。2001—2010年国家社科基金所资助的语言学类项目共853项,文章试图对这些项目进行立项年代、项目类别、预期成果、语种及主题词分布等方面的统计分析,探讨国内语言学研究现状和发展趋势。结果表明,立项总量呈逐年递增之势;青年项目数量增长较快;预期成果中专著所占比例较高;有关汉语和英语的立项数量最多,且教学类及语言对比类研究比重较大;目前的研究热点有"方言"、"语料库"、"语法"、"教学"等。总体而言,理论研究有长足进步,应用研究仍是热点,创新性有待提高。     

生物学专业创业课程体系的构建

根据高等教育的发展趋势和生物学专业的特点,提出了生物学专业创业教育的培养目标,构建了生物学专业创业教育的课程体系,并对创业教育的管理体制进行了探讨．生物学专业创业教育课程体系包括通识课程模块、专业基础课程模块、专业拓展课程模块、创业实践课程模块及创业理论知识模块5部分．     

北航工科研究生创新能力培养模式研究

从学习意识、课程设置、导师指导和国际化方面系统分析了影响工科研究生创新能力的因素,依托北航研究生培养体制和指导工科研究生科研创新的实践经历为背景,从激发学习兴趣、改革课程设置、提高导师责任心、设置跨学科导师指导小组、强化国际合作等方面探究了北航工科研究生创新能力培养的新模式,该模式也可为其它学科的研究生创新性培养提供借鉴。     

多措并举推进农村基层反腐倡廉建设——广东省德庆县的探索与启示

农村基层反腐倡廉工作是党风廉政建设的重要内容,也是社会主义新农村建设不可或缺的重要组成部分。广东省德庆县多措并举推进反腐倡廉建设,取得了开拓性实践成果。即通过增强普法教育的针对性,把普法教育与职业道德、社会公德和家庭美德教育紧密结合起来;遵循科学合理、切实可行的原则,充分发扬人民民主,尊重人民群众的首创精神,完善反腐倡廉制度;注重发挥网络等信息技术手段的重要作用,拓宽监督渠道、整合监督资源、形成监督合力;注重在考评上下功夫,通过完善考评体系和奖惩制度,保持其惩治腐败的强劲势头,建立健全不敢腐败的惩治机制。