乡镇企业家创新动力缺乏的原因及对策

挖掘潜在盈利的市场交易活动,进行创新,是目前乡镇企业赢得竞争优势的唯一方法,但是,一些乡镇企业家对此并不热衷,以致创新行为缺乏动力,企业效率低下.本文从文化、经济和社会角度,全面分析乡镇企业家创新动力缺乏的原因,并提出相应的对策建议.     

唐代宰相群体研究综述

唐代国家选用宰相的数量之多,在加强中央集权过程中作用之显著,为历代所罕见。近年来学者对唐代宰相群体的研究日益关注,以其为对象来考察唐代社会政治、经济、文化状况和民族关系,并取得了可喜的成果。     

我国教育投资短缺的原因及对策研究

教育投资短缺已成为制约我国教育发展的一大障碍。本文分析了造成教育投资短缺的原因,认为教育供给不足,需求无限以及教育投资效率低下是其主要原因,而解决这一问题的基本对策是增加教育供给,抑制需求,提高教育投资效率。     

一套普及可持续发展思想的绿色读物——介绍《可持续发展知多少》多媒体光盘和配画本

广州市社会科学规划领导小组办公室、广州市科学技术普及工作领导小组办公室和广州 2 1世纪议程领导小组办公室在一年多前就联合开展了可持续发展教育的普及工作 ,并在 2 0 0 0年广州市的科技进步活动月和社会科学学术活动周期间配合进行了有关市民科技文化素质的问卷调查。同时积极吸收国内外关于可持续发展战略思想研究的最新成果 ,把组织创作反映可持续发展战略思想的精品生产和宣传普及《广州 2 1世纪议程》结合起来 ,通俗易懂地说明广州实施可持续发展战略将采取什么行动。在编辑出版《可持续发展知多少》和《广州 2 1世纪议程》多媒体…     

国外女性人类学的发展过程

结构语言学催生了施特劳斯的结构人类学。随后,在女性主义和结构人类学的推动下,以妇女人类学为基础的女性人类学便作为一门新的分支学科产生和发展起来。它先后经历了结构主义和后结构主义这样两个发展阶段。从９０年代起,后结构主义所面临的一些理论难题又使后结构女性人类学开始进行新的反思,这预示着女性人类学将步入新的发展阶段。     

中国各地区人口年龄结构变动的消费效应分析

消费是影响一国经济增长的重要因素,对于影响消费的众多因素研究,大多基于收入分配不均和收入不确定性视角,而忽略了另外一个非常重要的因素,那就是人口年龄结构变化对消费的影响效应。上世纪70年代计划生育政策的推行和人口预期寿命的延长,加快了我国人口转变及老龄化发展的步伐,这一转变必将改变居民的储蓄消费行为,影响储蓄-消费模式和消费率。基于我国2002-2008年省级面板数据,本文研究了各地区人口转变对消费率的影响。研究表明,消费率与少儿抚养比、老年抚养比之间分别存在正相关关系与负相关关系。     

网上一口价拍卖顾客投标策略研究

网上一口价拍卖作为网上拍卖的创新模式,打破了固定拍卖结束时间的局限因而得到广泛应用.网上一口价拍卖有3种比较典型的方式,投标者的决策决定了拍卖的最终结果,也是拍卖理论研究的重点之一.在独立的私有估价模型下,分别对这3种拍卖方式的顾客投标策略进行研究,结果表明,在固定一口价中,估价高于一口价的投标者的最优选择是及早选择一口价;在临时一口价中存在一个均衡点,使估价高于此均衡点的投标者及早选择一口价是最优的;持久一口价中存在一个门限函数和一个均衡点,使估价满足门限函数或高于均衡点的投标者及早选择一口价是最优的.     

Foreign Competition and Innovation: The Mediating Role of Imitation

This study examines the extent to which foreign competition affects the innovation performance of domestic firms through imitation, given firms’ absorptive capacity. In analysing longitudinal firm‐level data from the UK, we find a mediating effect of imitation on the relationship between foreign competition and local firms’ innovation performance, and an inverted U‐shaped relationship between imitation and the innovation performance of local firms. Our findings further reveal that absorptive capacity moderates the mediating effect of imitation, diminishing innovation gains at moderate levels of imitation and mitigating the diminishing innovation performance at high levels of imitation.     

新兴技术创新速度分析——一种实物期权方法

在创新采纳成本随时间下降的情况下,采用实物期权方法通过采纳企业投资决策对创新提供方的期望净收益的影响, 研究在快速变化的环境下最优的新兴技术创新速度.假设技术进步状态服从泊松过程,分析了创新采纳企业的3种投资策略.进一步通过比较创新提供方的期望净收益值的变化得到了最优的创新速度.最后,通过数字释例分析了几个重要参数的变化对创新提供企业期望净收益的影响.     

A Bayesian Model and Stochastic Exposure (Dose) Estimation for Relative Exposure Risk Comparison Involving Asbestos‐Containing Dropped Ceiling Panel Installation and Maintenance Tasks

Assessing exposures to hazards in order to characterize risk is at the core of occupational hygiene. Our study examined dropped ceiling systems commonly used in schools and commercial buildings and lay‐in ceiling panels that may have contained asbestos prior to the mid to late 1970s. However, most ceiling panels and tiles do not contain asbestos. Since asbestos risk relates to dose, we estimated the distribution of eight‐hour TWA concentrations and one‐year exposures (a one‐year dose equivalent) to asbestos fibers (asbestos f/cc‐years) for five groups of workers who may encounter dropped ceilings: specialists, generalists, maintenance workers, nonprofessional do‐it‐yourself (DIY) persons, and other tradespersons who are bystanders to ceiling work. Concentration data (asbestos f/cc) were obtained through two exposure assessment studies in the field and one chamber study. Bayesian and stochastic models were applied to estimate distributions of eight‐hour TWAs and annual exposures (dose). The eight‐hour TWAs for all work categories were below current and historic occupational exposure limits (OELs). Exposures to asbestos fibers from dropped ceiling work would be categorized as “highly controlled” for maintenance workers and “well controlled” for remaining work categories, according to the American Industrial Hygiene Association exposure control rating system. Annual exposures (dose) were found to be greatest for specialists, followed by maintenance workers, generalists, bystanders, and DIY. On a comparative basis, modeled dose and thus risk from dropped ceilings for all work categories were orders of magnitude lower than published exposures for other sources of banned friable asbestos‐containing building material commonly encountered in construction trades.