Attitudes Toward Homosexuality in China: Exploring the Effects of Religion,Modernizing Factors,and Traditional Culture

Using the zero-inflated model and nationally representative sample data from the Chinese General Social Surveys 2013, this study systematically explored the effects of religion, modernizing factors, and traditional culture on attitudes toward homosexuality in China. The findings indicate that most Chinese people generally hold conservative attitudes toward homosexuality, as approximately 78.53% of the respondents believed that “same-sex sexual behavior is always wrong.” Modernizing factors (i.e., education, exposure to Internet information, and liberal inclinations) predicted greater tolerance for homosexuality, whereas Islamic beliefs negatively influenced respondents’ attitudes toward homosexuality. In contrast to the findings of the existing literature, Christian beliefs and traditional culture did not have significant effects on attitudes toward homosexuality. These findings may contribute to the literature by not only quantitatively testing the applicability of several factors identified in most Western studies of this topic but also providing new knowledge of attitudes toward homosexuality in the social context of China.     

ENTRY DETERRENCE AND STRATEGIC ALLIANCES

Researchers have written extensively on the impact that strategic alliances between airlines have on airfare, but little is known of the market entry deterrent impact of strategic alliances. Using a structural econometric model, this paper examines the market entry deterrent impact of codesharing, a form of strategic alliance, between incumbent carriers in domestic air travel markets. We find evidence of market entry deterrence, but deterrence impact depends on the specific type of codesharing between market incumbents as well as the identity of the potential entrant. We quantify the extent to which market incumbents' codesharing influences potential entrants' market entry cost and probability of market entry. (JEL L13, L93)     

Guidelines for Use of the Approximate Beta‐Poisson Dose–Response Model

For dose–response analysis in quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), the exact beta‐Poisson model is a two‐parameter mechanistic dose–response model with parameters and , which involves the Kummer confluent hypergeometric function. Evaluation of a hypergeometric function is a computational challenge. Denoting as the probability of infection at a given mean dose d, the widely used dose–response model is an approximate formula for the exact beta‐Poisson model. Notwithstanding the required conditions and , issues related to the validity and approximation accuracy of this approximate formula have remained largely ignored in practice, partly because these conditions are too general to provide clear guidance. Consequently, this study proposes a probability measure Pr(0 < r < 1 | , ) as a validity measure (r is a random variable that follows a gamma distribution; and are the maximum likelihood estimates of α and β in the approximate model); and the constraint conditions for as a rule of thumb to ensure an accurate approximation (e.g., Pr(0 < r < 1 | , ) >0.99) . This validity measure and rule of thumb were validated by application to all the completed beta‐Poisson models (related to 85 data sets) from the QMRA community portal (QMRA Wiki). The results showed that the higher the probability Pr(0 < r < 1 | , ), the better the approximation. The results further showed that, among the total 85 models examined, 68 models were identified as valid approximate model applications, which all had a near perfect match to the corresponding exact beta‐Poisson model dose–response curve.     

Public perceptions of child physical abuse in Beijing

The present study focuses on public perceptions of parental child beating and child physical abuse (CPA) in mainland China. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 20 parents and a quantitative survey was administered to a sample of 1033 adults in urban districts of Beijing. The quantitative and qualitative results are consistent: both parents and the general public were hesitant to consider the beating of one's own child (by biological parents) as a case of CPA. Respondents indicated that only when parents beat their children malevolently and frequently, so as to cause serious physical injuries, could it be considered CPA. The majority of respondents supported governmental interventions in severe cases of CPA. However, respondents' perceptions of CPA in mainland China are different from those that are prevalent in the West. Therefore, it is essential to develop programmes that educate the public in order to improve their awareness and knowledge of CPA in mainland China.     

论优化村民自治的运行机制

本文探讨了村民自治运行机制规范的问题.认为村民自治有三个核心要素,即村民群众、村党支部和村委员会.要搞好村民自治,首先要明确其主体是村民群众,在此基础上弄清规范的方向,有纵向和横向之分.目前村民自治所出现的一些矛盾和难题都是主体不明确,机制不规范的结果,如村"两委"的矛盾就是如此.究其原因,宏观上是体制运作进程中存在的痼疾使然,微观上,则为村"两委"失去有力的监督.要改变这种现状,必须切实保障村民大会及村民群众的自治权力.     

论网络环境下高校图书馆文献信息资源建设

文章阐述了高校图书馆文献信息资源存在的主要问题及网络环境对高校馆藏资源建设的影响,并探讨了搞好高校图书馆文献资源建设的对策.     

数字化创新视角下中国制造业高质量发展机遇与对策研究

随着数字经济时代的到来,如何抓住数字化创新机遇,加快制造业转向高质量发展阶段并与数字经济深度融合已成为当前亟待解决的重要问题。文章以1999年至2020年CNKI数据库CSSCI期刊为样本,基于CiteSpace软件开展了科学知识图谱分析。研究发现:数字化创新视角下中国制造业高质量发展研究热点主要从数字化创新、新技术、新模式与新业态四个方面展开;制造业高质量发展要以数字化创新为核心驱动,以新技术、新模式与新业态为重要支撑,从而实现数量增长与质量提升的有机统一;未来制造业高质量发展要注重数字技术采纳与应用、数字化创新实践与扩散和工业互联网平台企业建设三个方面。     

Sol-Gel法合成SrO-TiO_2-SiO_2:Eu~(3+),Bi~(3+)发光材料

用Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ法合成了ＳｒＯ－ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２为基质、稀土Ｅｕ~（３＋）激活的发光材料;研究了材料的合成条件,测试了样品的激发光谱、发射光谱、Ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射光谱等;用ＴＧＡ－ＤＴＡ分析了样品合成时的反应行为;获得了合成样品的最佳组成及最佳实验条件。     

珠江三角洲推进城乡就业一体化的思考

统筹城乡就业是统筹城乡发展的重要内容,也是建设社会主义和谐社会的内在要求。本文从社会经济发展的实际出发,论证了珠江三角洲实施城乡就业一体化的可行性,并对全面推进城乡就业一体化提出了若干政策建议。     

走出危机的伦理之路

我们今天面临的危机其实是包含经济危机、政治危机、文化危机、道德危机和价值危机等在内的一场综合性社会危机。面对危机,需要从伦理角度对整个社会生活进行反思：在澄清经济的伦理意蕴的基础上。加强政府的伦理导向,重视企业的伦理责任,塑造NGO的伦理价值,强化个体的伦理使命。