“主位”视角下光棍社会地位的再研究——基于江汉平原的经验调查

光棍在传统社会中成为一种依附性的力量,嵌入到村庄结构中。光棍是弱势的文化指涉始终是乡土社会实践的“非意外结果”。由此,学者通过“婚姻挤压”和“婚姻排斥”导演出光棍的“被迫性”问题。但是,随着差序格局的理性化和传统村落社区的解体,光棍的“弱势”意蕴逐渐得以“祛魅”。基于经验调查,本文从“主位”视角出发展开对光棍社会地位的再研究,从经济条件的优厚者、婚姻的高价者、家庭结构中的当家者、人情的积极互动者、关系和资源的拥有者五个方面来呈现出光棍较高的社会地位,打破光棍弱势之迷,光棍只是作为一种生活方式的选择而已,这样就将光棍研究进一步推向“主位选择”的纵深层面。     

东莞市近30年不透水面时空演变研究

城市不透水面作为城市化生态影响评价的重要因素受到社会的广泛关注,掌握不透水面的空间分布和动态变化信息,对生态环境保护和"海绵城市"建设具有重要的意义。本研究以东莞市为研究区,选取1988年、1994年、2005年和2015年四期TM/OLI遥感影像作为数据源,采用不透水面指数法提取研究区的不透水面信息,并结合景观格局指数分析探究东莞市近30年不透水面分布的时空演变规律。研究结果表明:ENDISI指数法可以有效消除山体阴影噪音信息引起的不透水面信息误判,具有较高的提取精度,能较好地反映城市扩张趋势,可为城市内涝治理和"海绵城市"建设提供数据基础;东莞市近30年来不透水面景观格局变化极其显著,面积增长近25.4倍,呈"主-副多中心、轴线延伸式"快速发展,不透水面优势度大幅提升,其连通性和聚集度在1994年之后逐渐加强。     

The likelihood ratio test for high-dimensional linear regression model

The paper considers a significance test of regression variables in the high-dimensional linear regression model when the dimension of the regression variables p, together with the sample size n, tends to infinity. Under two sightly different cases, we proved that the likelihood ratio test statistic will converge in distribution to a Gaussian random variable, and the explicit expressions of the asymptotical mean and covariance are also obtained. The simulations demonstrate that our high-dimensional likelihood ratio test method outperforms those using the traditional methods in analyzing high-dimensional data.     

我国居民初婚前同居状况及影响因素分析

文章分析2014年中国家庭追踪调查数据,考察我国男性与女性初婚前同居的状况及其影响因素.结果表明,我国居民中具有初婚前同居经历的比例约为10%,且这一比例在较年轻的群体中更高.在最近结婚的人群当中,同居比例达到1/3以上.根据发展范式这一理论框架,结合我国的社会情境,文章提出,人们观念的改变与制度的变化是造成我国同居比例上升最主要的推动力.多元回归分析的结果表明,出生世代、教育程度、城市生活经历、流动经历、党员身份和居住地经济发展水平这些因素,对我国居民是否具有初婚前同居的经历均有着显著的影响.文章对同居的分析能够帮助我们更好地理解当前我国初婚年龄的推迟等婚姻与家庭领域中发生的变化.     

我国内外部劳动力市场劳动力转换不畅之法学分析

我国内外部劳动力市场深受二元体制的影响,呈现出劳动者群体固化性特征。劳动者权益悬殊,往往与劳动者的勤勉和能力关联不大。许多企业劳动报酬设计背离《劳动法》精神,同工不同酬现象较为严重。劳动立法在稳定性与流动性上左右摇摆,非典型用工劳动者法定权利设计过低,导致内外劳动力市场转换阻力重重。社会保险出现的一系列问题,也从一定侧面为企业内外劳动力市场的转换形成不良影响。解决这些问题的总体思路是:既要建立公平的就业体制,也要修正不良的市场法律。     

The Use of Law to Protect and Promote Age-Friendly Environment

China had more than 200 million elderly people by the end of 2013 while the urbanization rate was over 50%, indicating the population ageing is interacted with the city developing. With the aim of letting more elderly adults participate in society and allowing them to share the fruits of economic and social development, Livable Environment was added as a separate chapter to the revised Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of the Rights and Interest of the Elderly in December 2012. This article analyzes the new regulations on age-friendly environment in detail and then review the historical development of relative regulations regarding livable environment. Furthermore, the article analyzes the effects of legislation on building an age-friendly environment in the future.     

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏水驱特征曲线研究

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏储集空间复杂，呈现出很强的非均质性和多尺度特征，除个别井水驱特征曲线呈现出砂岩油藏特征或单一直线段特征外，其余井水驱特征曲线多呈现出多直线段台阶状或不规则特征，因此不能直接对传统水驱特征曲线进行简单的应用。在对国内外常用的50 多条水驱特征曲线进行筛选的基础上，对桑南西缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏水驱特征曲线进行了选择应用，分析结果表明，对于缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，需要根据分析应用情况的不同及与实际资料的相关性来选择应用水驱特征曲线。为了进一步完善缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏水驱特征曲线的选择应用，在此基础上对其水驱特征曲线应用相关事项作了补充。     

Effects of Knowledge on Attitude Formation and Change Toward Genetically Modified Foods

In three waves, this study investigates the impact of risk and benefit knowledge on attitude formation toward genetically modified (GM) foods as well as the moderating effect of knowledge level on attitude change caused by receiving information. The data in Wave 1 (N = 561) demonstrate that both benefit and risk knowledge either directly contribute to attitude formation or indirectly affect attitudes through the mediating roles of benefit and risk perceptions. Overall, benefit and risk knowledge affect consumer attitudes positively and negatively, respectively. In Wave 2, 486 participants from Wave 1 were provided with information about GM foods, and their attitudes were assessed. Three weeks later, 433 of these participants again reported their attitudes. The results indicate that compared with the benefit and mixed information, risk information has a greater and longer lasting impact on attitude change, which results in lower acceptance of GM foods. Furthermore, risk information more strongly influences participants with a higher knowledge level. The moderating effect of knowledge on attitude change may result from these participants’ better understanding of and greater trust in the information. These findings highlight the important role of knowledge in attitude formation and attitude change toward GM foods as well as the necessity of considering the determinants of attitude formation in attitude change studies.     

粮店里有个“傻子”经理

自从2003年在葫芦岛市站前街道落了户,曹伟就把当地百姓当成了自己的亲人,无怨无悔地做着数不胜数的好事,用真情关爱他人,用诚信温暖社会. 2003年10月18日,站前街道胜利社区10号楼的门市房挂起了一个醒目的牌子——“傻子粮油超市”,这个面积只有50平方米普普通通的小店铺,似乎并无任何与众不同之处,可是每当走进超市,就会发现它的不同.附近居民来店里购买粮油时,小店老板曹伟总会热心地告诉顾客如何分清陈化粮和新粮,如何辨别掺假的豆油;对待老年顾客更是热情有加,还主动提出送货上门,只要顾客留下地址,不管多远,多高楼层,他都按时送到.就这样,这个并不起眼的粮油超市,开始火了起来.     

试论迁移中的非语言因素与低龄英语教学

本文简要介绍迁移中的非语言因素对英语学习者，特别是与低龄英语学习者的关系、影响及其作用，并提出有效教学策略。