《子夜》的英雄悲剧叙事模式

抛开受政治意识形态影响所附加给文本的衍生意义,透过纷繁芜杂的话语形式,就会发现《子夜》隐藏着一个英雄悲剧叙事模式,在这样的模式中吴荪甫表现出古希腊悲剧英雄的特点。对其命运进行分析,可知吴荪甫在三重困境中抗争,从而向读者传递着崇高的悲剧精神。吴荪甫的悲剧命运也暗合了中国传统的天命观。     

基于期权的煤炭价格风险管理研究

期权是一种重要的金融衍生工具,在风险管理中被广泛运用。鉴于当前煤炭价格波动对国家宏观经济及煤炭企业及其下游企业的负面影响所导致的宏观、中观和微观层面的风险,我国应发展煤炭期权交易,这是解决煤炭价格风险的有效途径。     

论德国循环经济法律制度

新版《循环经济法》与《德国资源效率计划》是德国循环经济法律制度的主要组成部分,两者之间存在双向促进与互为依存的关系。2012年6月,新版《循环经济法》取代94版《循环经济法》。新版《循环经济法》的宗旨是执行欧盟第2008/98号废弃物框架指令规定的义务责任,并基于欧盟标准进一步推动发展德国的废弃物管理制度。新版《循环经济法》规定了新的五层级废弃物等级序列,对于废弃物与副产品概念作出明确区分,并创设"废弃物抑制计划"体系;它在制度层面推动了循环经济的发展,使德国在实现真正的封闭型循环经济的目标进程中迈出扎实一步。《德国资源效率计划》的宗旨是实现原料生产对环境影响的最小化;它明确划分了废弃物再利用与循环利用的界限,使循环经济法律目标从废弃物管理转变为国际水准的资源管理,从而革新与扩展了德国循环经济法律制度。     

恽代英与毛泽东的农运思想比较

恽代英和毛泽东都认识到农民是中国革命主力军和无产阶级同盟军,而恽代英先于毛泽东提出此观点;二人都注重调查研究,提出关心农民利益、解决农民问题是发动农民革命的前提,而恽代英早于毛泽东提出这一思想;二者都提出要宣传组织农民,恽代英关心方式方法的微观面,毛泽东注重的是纲领政策的宏观面。     

A novel characteristic value correction iteration method

It has greater randomness that the existing characteristic value correction iteration method terminates the iterative progress by artificially setting threshold to acquire the better intermediate estimates than least squares. To address this problem, the novel characteristic value correction iteration method is proposed in this article. Considering the balance between solutions and residuals, L curve drawn to express the correlation of solutions and residuals and the iteration time correspond to the maximum curvature point is chosen as the iteration termination condition to obtain the “optimal” intermediate estimates. Numerical experiment is carried out to demonstrate the correctness of the theoretical analysis.     

Research on the Accumulation Effect of Pension Income and Payments Caused by Progressive Retirement Age Postponement Policy in China

A retirement age postponement policy will not only increase pension income but also reduce pension payments, which will cause an accumulation effect on the size of the pension fund and relieve the intensifying pressure on pension payments. Based on the analysis of historical data in order to predict the population and pension scale in China, this research shows that the working-age population will gradually decrease, the supply of labor will decrease, and the demographic dividend will gradually disappear between 2018 and 2055 if the current retirement policy remains unrevised. According to three different retirement age postponement policy options, we establish that there are significant accumulation effects that can alleviate the pressure on pension funds. Among these policies, the postpone retirement policy option, which is based on the working period, is more conducive to a smoother policy implementation effect in the long term.     

Academic performance and peer relations among rural‐to‐urban migrant children in Beijing: Do social identity and self‐efficacy matter?

Due to the household registration system, millions of rural‐to‐urban migrant children in China are ineligible to receive urban social welfare benefits. These children potentially suffer from the evolving awareness of their perceived inferior social identity and experiences of inequalities at an early stage of life. This study examined whether self‐perceived social identity is related to academic performance and peer relations among rural‐to‐urban migrant children in Beijing. Data were collected from 136 children during 2013 and 2014 in three schools for migrant children in Beijing. Path analysis showed that children who identified as a Beijinger, compared with those who self‐identified with their rural hometown, had better self‐efficacy, which in turn was associated with better academic performance and better peer relations. Enlightened by Western theories, these findings suggest that migrant children’s performance in school could be enhanced by cultivating positive perceptions of their social identity through teachers’ practice and community‐ and policy‐level social support.     

Personal Well-being in Urban China

This article reports the findings of a survey administering the personal well-being index (PWI) in six Chinese cities (N = 3,390) to ascertain the personal well-being of China’s urban population. The specific aims of the study were: (a) ascertain whether Chinese urban residents are satisfied with their lives; (b) validate the PWI using an urban sample that is representative of the urban population and larger in size than that which has been utilized in existing studies for Mainland China; (c) compare the results to existing studies for Hong Kong, Macau, rural China and single city studies which have administered the PWI in Guangdong and Shandong; (d) examine whether the responses to the PWI from participants falls within the narrow range predicted by the ‘Theory of Subjective Wellbeing Homeostasis’ and provide further evidence on whether this framework is applicable to Chinese samples; and (e) examine which participant characteristics predict personal well-being, examine whether own income and/or relative income predicts personal well-being and compare these results with previous studies for China and other countries. The data indicated a moderate level of personal well-being (PWI score = 67.1). The PWI demonstrated good psychometric properties in terms of its reliability and validity, consistent with previous published studies. The PWI was within the normative range for non-western countries and was within the narrow band predicted by the ‘Theory of Subjective Wellbeing Homeostasis’. Similar variables were found to predict personal well-being to those found in previous studies for China and elsewhere.     

Relationships Between Perceived Family Gambling and Peer Gambling and Adolescent Problem Gambling and Binge-Drinking

The study systematically examined the relative relationships between perceived family and peer gambling and adolescent at-risk/problem gambling and binge-drinking. It also determined the likelihood of at-risk/problem gambling and binge-drinking as a function of the number of different social groups with perceived gambling. A multi-site high-school survey assessed gambling, alcohol use, presence of perceived excessive peer gambling (peer excess—PE), and family gambling prompting concern (family concern—FC) in 2750 high-school students. Adolescents were separately stratified into: (1) low-risk, at-risk, and problem/pathological gambling groups; and, (2) non-binge-drinking, low-frequency-binge-drinking, and high-frequency-binge-drinking groups. Multinomial logistic regression showed that relative to each other, FC and PE were associated with greater likelihoods of at-risk and problem/pathological gambling. However, only FC was associated with binge-drinking. Logistic regression revealed that adolescents who endorsed either FC or PE alone, compared to no endorsement, were more likely to have at-risk and problem/pathological gambling, relative to low-risk gambling. Adolescents who endorsed both FC and PE, compared to PE alone, were more likely to have problem/pathological gambling relative to low-risk and at-risk gambling. Relative to non-binge-drinking adolescents, those who endorsed both FC and PE were more likely to have low- and high-frequency-binge-drinking compared to FC alone or PE alone, respectively. Family and peer gambling individually contribute to adolescent at-risk/problem gambling and binge-drinking. Strategies that target adolescents as well as their closely affiliated family and peer members may be an important step towards prevention of harm-associated levels of gambling and alcohol use in youths.