北京话的轻音和语法化

北京话是汉语发展变化最快的方言。北京话在语法化的过程中,轻音(包括轻声和语句轻音)是极为重要的形式标志和变化动因。本文就北京话轻音和语法化相关的问题作一些探讨,指出北京话构词后缀的产生、虚词的虚化都与轻音有着密切的关系。     

阿拉伯国家政治制度变革的动因与挑战

阿拉伯国家政制变革的根本原因包括阿拉伯国家的开明领导、国民和妇女的变革要求等。为适应阿拉伯国家政治现代化进程的需要，阿拉伯国家的开明领导早在20世纪90年代初便开始致力于政制变革，如适度扩大公民政治参与、扩大公民自由、提高妇女地位等。但由于历史、宗教、文化等原因，阿拉伯国家的政制变革进展缓慢，在新的历史时期，阿拉伯国家的政制变革进程仍然面临严峻挑战。     

The effects of the age and structure of population on family change]

The age structure of a population is one basic factor of population research. It is not only affected by birth, death, immigration, and marriage, but it also reflected in changes of family size. The article analyzed it from two aspects: (1) the age structure of population acts on the size and structure of the family. The younger the age structure, the larger the family size. Otherwise, it is the opposite. According to the 1982 census, 35.4% of the population was 0-14 years in rural areas, and average family size was 4.6; but in urban areas 26.0% of the population was 0-14 years and family size was 3.9. The family was characterized as a nuclear family as industrialization in economic development increased and the population aged. In the 1982 census, 64.7% were nuclear family and 6% were aging population in China. Three- generation families (or more) have decreased dramatically. The change of family size and structure is affected by change of internal family age structure. The younger population (0-14 years) is dependent and 90% live with their parents. The adult population (15-59) years are more affected by marriage, birth and social economic action. Families are established in this age period and give much more effect to fertility. The aging population (over 60) years is facing changes. They appear to be a "Defect" family because the wife or husband has passed away. They change from independent to dependent. 78.3% population over 60 years were dependent on children or social welfare, only 21.7% were independent according to the survey in Beijing Changping County.     

Inefficiency of strategy-proof allocation mechanisms in pure exchange economies

In this paper I prove that in the standard model of 2×n (n2) pure exchange economies there is no allocation mechanism that is efficient, non-inversely-dictatorial, and strategy-proof. This strengthens two previous results on this subject by Hurwicz and by Dasgupta, Hammond, and Maskin.I thank Alvin Klevorick, William Thomson, and an anonymous referee of the journal for many helpful comments.     

Discover a Sea of Possibilities with Made-in-China Yachts

With an emphasis on hiring the best Chinese and foreign shipbuilding talent,Hangzhou’s Sino-Eagle Yacht Co.,Ltd.has worked its way up to become the world’s leading yacht manufacturer.     

中国共产党对社会主义本质理论的探索

社会主义本质是什么?马克思、恩格斯在创立科学社会主义理论的过程中,主要从与资本主义相比较的角度来揭示未来共产主义的一般特征。中国共产党对社会主义本质理论进行了艰辛探索,深刻回答了什么是社会主义这个根本问题,丰富和发展了社会主义本质理论。     

中小企业成长战略的探讨--江苏通润集团成长的个案分析

本文从江苏通润集团成长的历程探讨中小企业成长的机理.认为该集团的成长过程不仅是一个不断克服危机、积累资本的过程,而且还是一个捕捉机遇、培育核心能力的过程.通过对通润集团成长历程的剖析,揭示出中小企业成长的方式可以是多样的,企业资源的配置应在发展战略总目标的基础上,根据具体的环境变化来进行;说明了企业战略、产业转移与成长密切的相互关系以及培育企业核心能力的策略性步骤,为中小企业在经济全球化条件下的成长方式提供了可资借鉴的案例.     

项目援助与西藏经济发展

本文讨论了援助西藏项目的成就与局限。作者通过个案调查和文献资料梳理发现,援助西藏的经济建设项目取得了巨大成就,但项目的社会和经济效益表现得参差多态。由政府主导资源配置实施的项目援藏,强化了计划经济,导致资源配置的低效,有可能带来援助依赖。     

寄生在同一个链条上的两害——乌鲁木齐市贩毒、吸毒人群与艾滋病人群的相关研究

新疆毗邻世界毒源重地"金新月"地区,特殊的地理位置为国际、国内大小毒枭所垂青,使其不仅是毒品的集散地,也是吸毒的重灾区。同时,当地的艾滋病疫情也不容小视。调查研究表明:乌鲁木齐(包括新疆)不是制毒的基地,而是"金新月"毒贩选定贩运毒品的重要通道;贩毒、吸毒、艾滋病,没有民族界限;贩毒———吸毒与艾滋病是同一链条上的两害,是当地艾滋病疫情的主要成因。