General Job Satisfaction From a Developmental Perspective: Exploring Choice—Job Matches at Two Career Stages

The authors explored predictions of general job satisfaction at early and middle adulthood and uncovered several findings about developmental processes associated with job satisfaction. Tests of life‐span career theory propositions revealed that neither choice‐job congruence nor gender added significantly to predictions of job satisfaction at 2 career stages. Earlier occupational choice and current job added to predictions of midcareer (modal age 43 years) job satisfaction, especially for men. The predictability of job satisfaction is apparently influenced by the career stage when satisfaction is appraised.     

理雅各英译儒经的特色与得失

理雅各英译儒经是汉学界和翻译史上纪念碑式的作品,理氏译本在阐释、翻译、注释、绪论、文体诸方面均有自己的特色,译者忠于原作、贴近原语、善为读者考虑;但理译也存在明显的时代局限性。     

大学英语口语教学中的文化导入

语言是文化的载体,文化是语言的底座,语言与文化息息相关.大学英语口语教学中进行文化的导入可以促使学生利用流利的英语口语进行得体地交流.本文根据笔者的教学实践,提出了几种在英语口语教学中导入文化因素的方法.     

Which Wald statistic? Choosing a parameterization of the Wald statistic to maximize power in k-sample generalized estimating equations

The Wald statistic is known to vary under reparameterization. This raises the question: which parameterization should be chosen, in order to optimize power of the Wald statistic? We specifically consider k-sample tests of generalized linear models (GLMs) and generalized estimating equations (GEEs) in which the alternative hypothesis contains only two parameters. An example is presented in which such an alternative hypothesis is of interest. Amongst a general class of parameterizations, we find the parameterization that maximizes power via analysis of the non-centrality parameter, and show how the effect on power of reparameterization depends on sampling design and the differences in variance across samples. There is no single parameterization with optimal power across all alternatives. The Wald statistic commonly used under the canonical parameterization is optimal in some instances but it performs very poorly in others. We demonstrate results by example and by simulation, and describe their implications for likelihood ratio statistics and score statistics. We conclude that due to poor power properties, the routine use of score statistics and Wald statistics under the canonical parameterization for GEEs is a questionable practice.     

多媒体课件的制作和相关技术的操作

本文主要介绍了设计和制作多媒体教学软件的方法 ,并从制作技术方面探讨了编程语言和使用素材的控制问题。     

A note on estimating regression coefficients with missing data

In this note, we consider the problem of estimating regression coefficients when there are missing observations of some explanatory variables. Following Dagenais (1973), Gourieroux and Monfort (1981), and Conniffe (1983a, 1983b), we assume auxiliary relationships exist among explanatory varibles. Several estimatprs and their interrelationships are discussed. We begin with the model of Gourieroux and

Monfort (1981)     

Modeling for Risk Assessment of Neurotoxic Effects

The regulation of noncancer toxicants, including neurotoxicants, has usually been based upon a reference dose (allowable daily intake). A reference dose is obtained by dividing a no-observed-effect level by uncertainty (safety) factors to account for intraspecies and interspecies sensitivities to a chemical. It is assumed that the risk at the reference dose is negligible, but no attempt generally is made to estimate the risk at the reference dose. A procedure is outlined that provides estimates of risk as a function of dose. The first step is to establish a mathematical relationship between a biological effect and the dose of a chemical. Knowledge of biological mechanisms and/or pharmacokinetics can assist in the choice of plausible mathematical models. The mathematical model provides estimates of average responses as a function of dose. Secondly, estimates of risk require selection of a distribution of individual responses about the average response given by the mathematical model. In the case of a normal or lognormal distribution, only an estimate of the standard deviation is needed. The third step is to define an adverse level for a response so that the probability (risk) of exceeding that level can be estimated as a function of dose. Because a firm response level often cannot be established at which adverse biological effects occur, it may be necessary to at least establish an abnormal response level that only a small proportion of individuals would exceed in an unexposed group. That is, if a normal range of responses can be established, then the probability (risk) of abnormal responses can be estimated. In order to illustrate this process, measures of the neurotransmitter serotonin and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in specific areas of the brain of rats and monkeys are analyzed after exposure to the neurotoxicant methylene-dioxymethamphetamine. These risk estimates are compared with risk estimates from the quantal approach in which animals are classified as either abnormal or not depending upon abnormal serotonin levels.     

高校招生纠纷可诉化与高校的应对措施

高校招生纠纷即将由不可诉变为可诉,其法理基础是高校作为特殊公法人,其招生行为具有行政行为的属性.高校在招生中要承担依法招生、公正招生、遵守招生合同等义务.高校因招生纠纷被诉的主要事由包括进行虚假的招生宣传、招生政策不合法、不按公布的规程录取考生等.为应对招生纠纷可诉化,高校既要在诉讼出现时积极应诉,更要注意避免被诉.高校避免因招生纠纷被诉的主要措施包括树立依法招生的理念、重视<招生章程>的制订与发布以及规范招生行为.